--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/gcc/c-family/c-common.c	Sun Aug 21 07:07:55 2011 +0900
@@ -0,0 +1,9701 @@
+/* Subroutines shared by all languages that are variants of C.
+   Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
+   2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
+   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GCC.
+
+GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
+version.
+
+GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include "coretypes.h"
+#include "tm.h"
+#include "intl.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "output.h"
+#include "c-pragma.h"
+#include "ggc.h"
+#include "c-common.h"
+#include "c-objc.h"
+#include "tm_p.h"
+#include "obstack.h"
+#include "cpplib.h"
+#include "target.h"
+#include "langhooks.h"
+#include "tree-inline.h"
+#include "toplev.h"
+#include "diagnostic.h"
+#include "tree-iterator.h"
+#include "hashtab.h"
+#include "tree-mudflap.h"
+#include "opts.h"
+#include "cgraph.h"
+#include "target-def.h"
+#include "libfuncs.h"
+
+cpp_reader *parse_in;		/* Declared in c-pragma.h.  */
+
+/* The following symbols are subsumed in the c_global_trees array, and
+   listed here individually for documentation purposes.
+
+   INTEGER_TYPE and REAL_TYPE nodes for the standard data types.
+
+	tree short_integer_type_node;
+	tree long_integer_type_node;
+	tree long_long_integer_type_node;
+	tree int128_integer_type_node;
+
+	tree short_unsigned_type_node;
+	tree long_unsigned_type_node;
+	tree long_long_unsigned_type_node;
+	tree int128_unsigned_type_node;
+
+	tree truthvalue_type_node;
+	tree truthvalue_false_node;
+	tree truthvalue_true_node;
+
+	tree ptrdiff_type_node;
+
+	tree unsigned_char_type_node;
+	tree signed_char_type_node;
+	tree wchar_type_node;
+
+	tree char16_type_node;
+	tree char32_type_node;
+
+	tree float_type_node;
+	tree double_type_node;
+	tree long_double_type_node;
+
+	tree complex_integer_type_node;
+	tree complex_float_type_node;
+	tree complex_double_type_node;
+	tree complex_long_double_type_node;
+
+	tree dfloat32_type_node;
+	tree dfloat64_type_node;
+	tree_dfloat128_type_node;
+
+	tree intQI_type_node;
+	tree intHI_type_node;
+	tree intSI_type_node;
+	tree intDI_type_node;
+	tree intTI_type_node;
+
+	tree unsigned_intQI_type_node;
+	tree unsigned_intHI_type_node;
+	tree unsigned_intSI_type_node;
+	tree unsigned_intDI_type_node;
+	tree unsigned_intTI_type_node;
+
+	tree widest_integer_literal_type_node;
+	tree widest_unsigned_literal_type_node;
+
+   Nodes for types `void *' and `const void *'.
+
+	tree ptr_type_node, const_ptr_type_node;
+
+   Nodes for types `char *' and `const char *'.
+
+	tree string_type_node, const_string_type_node;
+
+   Type `char[SOMENUMBER]'.
+   Used when an array of char is needed and the size is irrelevant.
+
+	tree char_array_type_node;
+
+   Type `int[SOMENUMBER]' or something like it.
+   Used when an array of int needed and the size is irrelevant.
+
+	tree int_array_type_node;
+
+   Type `wchar_t[SOMENUMBER]' or something like it.
+   Used when a wide string literal is created.
+
+	tree wchar_array_type_node;
+
+   Type `char16_t[SOMENUMBER]' or something like it.
+   Used when a UTF-16 string literal is created.
+
+	tree char16_array_type_node;
+
+   Type `char32_t[SOMENUMBER]' or something like it.
+   Used when a UTF-32 string literal is created.
+
+	tree char32_array_type_node;
+
+   Type `int ()' -- used for implicit declaration of functions.
+
+	tree default_function_type;
+
+   A VOID_TYPE node, packaged in a TREE_LIST.
+
+	tree void_list_node;
+
+  The lazily created VAR_DECLs for __FUNCTION__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__,
+  and __func__. (C doesn't generate __FUNCTION__ and__PRETTY_FUNCTION__
+  VAR_DECLS, but C++ does.)
+
+	tree function_name_decl_node;
+	tree pretty_function_name_decl_node;
+	tree c99_function_name_decl_node;
+
+  Stack of nested function name VAR_DECLs.
+
+	tree saved_function_name_decls;
+
+*/
+
+tree c_global_trees[CTI_MAX];
+
+/* Switches common to the C front ends.  */
+
+/* Nonzero means don't output line number information.  */
+
+char flag_no_line_commands;
+
+/* Nonzero causes -E output not to be done, but directives such as
+   #define that have side effects are still obeyed.  */
+
+char flag_no_output;
+
+/* Nonzero means dump macros in some fashion.  */
+
+char flag_dump_macros;
+
+/* Nonzero means pass #include lines through to the output.  */
+
+char flag_dump_includes;
+
+/* Nonzero means process PCH files while preprocessing.  */
+
+bool flag_pch_preprocess;
+
+/* The file name to which we should write a precompiled header, or
+   NULL if no header will be written in this compile.  */
+
+const char *pch_file;
+
+/* Nonzero if an ISO standard was selected.  It rejects macros in the
+   user's namespace.  */
+int flag_iso;
+
+/* Warn about #pragma directives that are not recognized.  */
+
+int warn_unknown_pragmas; /* Tri state variable.  */
+
+/* Warn about format/argument anomalies in calls to formatted I/O functions
+   (*printf, *scanf, strftime, strfmon, etc.).  */
+
+int warn_format;
+
+/* C/ObjC language option variables.  */
+
+
+/* Nonzero means allow type mismatches in conditional expressions;
+   just make their values `void'.  */
+
+int flag_cond_mismatch;
+
+/* Nonzero means enable C89 Amendment 1 features.  */
+
+int flag_isoc94;
+
+/* Nonzero means use the ISO C99 (or C1X) dialect of C.  */
+
+int flag_isoc99;
+
+/* Nonzero means use the ISO C1X dialect of C.  */
+
+int flag_isoc1x;
+
+/* Nonzero means that we have builtin functions, and main is an int.  */
+
+int flag_hosted = 1;
+
+
+/* ObjC language option variables.  */
+
+
+/* Tells the compiler that this is a special run.  Do not perform any
+   compiling, instead we are to test some platform dependent features
+   and output a C header file with appropriate definitions.  */
+
+int print_struct_values;
+
+/* Tells the compiler what is the constant string class for ObjC.  */
+
+const char *constant_string_class_name;
+
+
+/* C++ language option variables.  */
+
+
+/* Nonzero means generate separate instantiation control files and
+   juggle them at link time.  */
+
+int flag_use_repository;
+
+/* The C++ dialect being used. C++98 is the default.  */
+
+enum cxx_dialect cxx_dialect = cxx98;
+
+/* Maximum template instantiation depth.  This limit exists to limit the
+   time it takes to notice infinite template instantiations; the default
+   value of 1024 is likely to be in the next C++ standard.  */
+
+int max_tinst_depth = 1024;
+
+
+
+/* The elements of `ridpointers' are identifier nodes for the reserved
+   type names and storage classes.  It is indexed by a RID_... value.  */
+tree *ridpointers;
+
+tree (*make_fname_decl) (location_t, tree, int);
+
+/* Nonzero means don't warn about problems that occur when the code is
+   executed.  */
+int c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings;
+
+/* Whether we are building a boolean conversion inside
+   convert_for_assignment, or some other late binary operation.  If
+   build_binary_op is called for C (from code shared by C and C++) in
+   this case, then the operands have already been folded and the
+   result will not be folded again, so C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR should not
+   be generated.  */
+bool in_late_binary_op;
+
+/* Whether lexing has been completed, so subsequent preprocessor
+   errors should use the compiler's input_location.  */
+bool done_lexing = false;
+
+/* Information about how a function name is generated.  */
+struct fname_var_t
+{
+  tree *const decl;	/* pointer to the VAR_DECL.  */
+  const unsigned rid;	/* RID number for the identifier.  */
+  const int pretty;	/* How pretty is it? */
+};
+
+/* The three ways of getting then name of the current function.  */
+
+const struct fname_var_t fname_vars[] =
+{
+  /* C99 compliant __func__, must be first.  */
+  {&c99_function_name_decl_node, RID_C99_FUNCTION_NAME, 0},
+  /* GCC __FUNCTION__ compliant.  */
+  {&function_name_decl_node, RID_FUNCTION_NAME, 0},
+  /* GCC __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ compliant.  */
+  {&pretty_function_name_decl_node, RID_PRETTY_FUNCTION_NAME, 1},
+  {NULL, 0, 0},
+};
+
+/* Global visibility options.  */
+struct visibility_flags visibility_options;
+
+static tree c_fully_fold_internal (tree expr, bool, bool *, bool *);
+static tree check_case_value (tree);
+static bool check_case_bounds (tree, tree, tree *, tree *);
+
+static tree handle_packed_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_nocommon_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_common_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_noreturn_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_hot_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_cold_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_noinline_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_noclone_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_leaf_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_always_inline_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+					    bool *);
+static tree handle_gnu_inline_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_artificial_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_flatten_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_error_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_used_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_unused_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_externally_visible_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+						 bool *);
+static tree handle_const_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_transparent_union_attribute (tree *, tree, tree,
+						int, bool *);
+static tree handle_constructor_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_destructor_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_mode_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_section_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_aligned_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_weak_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *) ;
+static tree handle_alias_ifunc_attribute (bool, tree *, tree, tree, bool *);
+static tree handle_ifunc_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_alias_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_weakref_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *) ;
+static tree handle_visibility_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+					 bool *);
+static tree handle_tls_model_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+					bool *);
+static tree handle_no_instrument_function_attribute (tree *, tree,
+						     tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_malloc_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_returns_twice_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_no_limit_stack_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+					     bool *);
+static tree handle_pure_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_novops_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_deprecated_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+					 bool *);
+static tree handle_vector_size_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+					  bool *);
+static tree handle_nonnull_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_nothrow_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_cleanup_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_warn_unused_result_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int,
+						 bool *);
+static tree handle_sentinel_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_type_generic_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_alloc_size_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_target_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_optimize_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_no_split_stack_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+static tree handle_fnspec_attribute (tree *, tree, tree, int, bool *);
+
+static void check_function_nonnull (tree, int, tree *);
+static void check_nonnull_arg (void *, tree, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT);
+static bool nonnull_check_p (tree, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT);
+static bool get_nonnull_operand (tree, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT *);
+static int resort_field_decl_cmp (const void *, const void *);
+
+/* Reserved words.  The third field is a mask: keywords are disabled
+   if they match the mask.
+
+   Masks for languages:
+   C --std=c89: D_C99 | D_CXXONLY | D_OBJC | D_CXX_OBJC
+   C --std=c99: D_CXXONLY | D_OBJC
+   ObjC is like C except that D_OBJC and D_CXX_OBJC are not set
+   C++ --std=c98: D_CONLY | D_CXXOX | D_OBJC
+   C++ --std=c0x: D_CONLY | D_OBJC
+   ObjC++ is like C++ except that D_OBJC is not set
+
+   If -fno-asm is used, D_ASM is added to the mask.  If
+   -fno-gnu-keywords is used, D_EXT is added.  If -fno-asm and C in
+   C89 mode, D_EXT89 is added for both -fno-asm and -fno-gnu-keywords.
+   In C with -Wc++-compat, we warn if D_CXXWARN is set.
+
+   Note the complication of the D_CXX_OBJC keywords.  These are
+   reserved words such as 'class'.  In C++, 'class' is a reserved
+   word.  In Objective-C++ it is too.  In Objective-C, it is a
+   reserved word too, but only if it follows an '@' sign.
+*/
+const struct c_common_resword c_common_reswords[] =
+{
+  { "_Bool",		RID_BOOL,      D_CONLY },
+  { "_Complex",		RID_COMPLEX,	0 },
+  { "_Imaginary",	RID_IMAGINARY, D_CONLY },
+  { "_Decimal32",       RID_DFLOAT32,  D_CONLY | D_EXT },
+  { "_Decimal64",       RID_DFLOAT64,  D_CONLY | D_EXT },
+  { "_Decimal128",      RID_DFLOAT128, D_CONLY | D_EXT },
+  { "_Fract",           RID_FRACT,     D_CONLY | D_EXT },
+  { "_Accum",           RID_ACCUM,     D_CONLY | D_EXT },
+  { "_Sat",             RID_SAT,       D_CONLY | D_EXT },
+  { "_Static_assert",   RID_STATIC_ASSERT, D_CONLY },
+  { "__FUNCTION__",	RID_FUNCTION_NAME, 0 },
+  { "__PRETTY_FUNCTION__", RID_PRETTY_FUNCTION_NAME, 0 },
+  { "__alignof",	RID_ALIGNOF,	0 },
+  { "__alignof__",	RID_ALIGNOF,	0 },
+  { "__asm",		RID_ASM,	0 },
+  { "__asm__",		RID_ASM,	0 },
+  { "__attribute",	RID_ATTRIBUTE,	0 },
+  { "__attribute__",	RID_ATTRIBUTE,	0 },
+  { "__builtin_choose_expr", RID_CHOOSE_EXPR, D_CONLY },
+  { "__builtin_offsetof", RID_OFFSETOF, 0 },
+  { "__builtin_types_compatible_p", RID_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P, D_CONLY },
+  { "__builtin_va_arg",	RID_VA_ARG,	0 },
+  { "__complex",	RID_COMPLEX,	0 },
+  { "__complex__",	RID_COMPLEX,	0 },
+  { "__const",		RID_CONST,	0 },
+  { "__const__",	RID_CONST,	0 },
+  { "__decltype",       RID_DECLTYPE,   D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__extension__",	RID_EXTENSION,	0 },
+  { "__func__",		RID_C99_FUNCTION_NAME, 0 },
+  { "__has_nothrow_assign", RID_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_nothrow_constructor", RID_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_nothrow_copy", RID_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_trivial_assign", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_trivial_constructor", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_trivial_copy", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_trivial_destructor", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__has_virtual_destructor", RID_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__int128",		RID_INT128,	0 },
+  { "__is_abstract",	RID_IS_ABSTRACT, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_base_of",	RID_IS_BASE_OF, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_class",	RID_IS_CLASS,	D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_convertible_to", RID_IS_CONVERTIBLE_TO, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_empty",	RID_IS_EMPTY,	D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_enum",	RID_IS_ENUM,	D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_pod",		RID_IS_POD,	D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_polymorphic",	RID_IS_POLYMORPHIC, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_standard_layout", RID_IS_STD_LAYOUT, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_trivial",     RID_IS_TRIVIAL, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_union",	RID_IS_UNION,	D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__is_literal_type", RID_IS_LITERAL_TYPE, D_CXXONLY },
+  { "__imag",		RID_IMAGPART,	0 },
+  { "__imag__",		RID_IMAGPART,	0 },
+  { "__inline",		RID_INLINE,	0 },
+  { "__inline__",	RID_INLINE,	0 },
+  { "__label__",	RID_LABEL,	0 },
+  { "__null",		RID_NULL,	0 },
+  { "__real",		RID_REALPART,	0 },
+  { "__real__",		RID_REALPART,	0 },
+  { "__restrict",	RID_RESTRICT,	0 },
+  { "__restrict__",	RID_RESTRICT,	0 },
+  { "__signed",		RID_SIGNED,	0 },
+  { "__signed__",	RID_SIGNED,	0 },
+  { "__thread",		RID_THREAD,	0 },
+  { "__typeof",		RID_TYPEOF,	0 },
+  { "__typeof__",	RID_TYPEOF,	0 },
+  { "__volatile",	RID_VOLATILE,	0 },
+  { "__volatile__",	RID_VOLATILE,	0 },
+  { "alignof",		RID_ALIGNOF,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "asm",		RID_ASM,	D_ASM },
+  { "auto",		RID_AUTO,	0 },
+  { "bool",		RID_BOOL,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "break",		RID_BREAK,	0 },
+  { "case",		RID_CASE,	0 },
+  { "catch",		RID_CATCH,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "char",		RID_CHAR,	0 },
+  { "char16_t",		RID_CHAR16,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "char32_t",		RID_CHAR32,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "class",		RID_CLASS,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "const",		RID_CONST,	0 },
+  { "constexpr",	RID_CONSTEXPR,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "const_cast",	RID_CONSTCAST,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "continue",		RID_CONTINUE,	0 },
+  { "decltype",         RID_DECLTYPE,   D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "default",		RID_DEFAULT,	0 },
+  { "delete",		RID_DELETE,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "do",		RID_DO,		0 },
+  { "double",		RID_DOUBLE,	0 },
+  { "dynamic_cast",	RID_DYNCAST,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "else",		RID_ELSE,	0 },
+  { "enum",		RID_ENUM,	0 },
+  { "explicit",		RID_EXPLICIT,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "export",		RID_EXPORT,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "extern",		RID_EXTERN,	0 },
+  { "false",		RID_FALSE,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "float",		RID_FLOAT,	0 },
+  { "for",		RID_FOR,	0 },
+  { "friend",		RID_FRIEND,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "goto",		RID_GOTO,	0 },
+  { "if",		RID_IF,		0 },
+  { "inline",		RID_INLINE,	D_EXT89 },
+  { "int",		RID_INT,	0 },
+  { "long",		RID_LONG,	0 },
+  { "mutable",		RID_MUTABLE,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "namespace",	RID_NAMESPACE,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "new",		RID_NEW,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "noexcept",		RID_NOEXCEPT,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "nullptr",		RID_NULLPTR,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "operator",		RID_OPERATOR,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "private",		RID_PRIVATE,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "protected",	RID_PROTECTED,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "public",		RID_PUBLIC,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "register",		RID_REGISTER,	0 },
+  { "reinterpret_cast",	RID_REINTCAST,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "restrict",		RID_RESTRICT,	D_CONLY | D_C99 },
+  { "return",		RID_RETURN,	0 },
+  { "short",		RID_SHORT,	0 },
+  { "signed",		RID_SIGNED,	0 },
+  { "sizeof",		RID_SIZEOF,	0 },
+  { "static",		RID_STATIC,	0 },
+  { "static_assert",    RID_STATIC_ASSERT, D_CXXONLY | D_CXX0X | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "static_cast",	RID_STATCAST,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "struct",		RID_STRUCT,	0 },
+  { "switch",		RID_SWITCH,	0 },
+  { "template",		RID_TEMPLATE,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "this",		RID_THIS,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "throw",		RID_THROW,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "true",		RID_TRUE,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "try",		RID_TRY,	D_CXX_OBJC | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "typedef",		RID_TYPEDEF,	0 },
+  { "typename",		RID_TYPENAME,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "typeid",		RID_TYPEID,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "typeof",		RID_TYPEOF,	D_ASM | D_EXT },
+  { "union",		RID_UNION,	0 },
+  { "unsigned",		RID_UNSIGNED,	0 },
+  { "using",		RID_USING,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "virtual",		RID_VIRTUAL,	D_CXXONLY | D_CXXWARN },
+  { "void",		RID_VOID,	0 },
+  { "volatile",		RID_VOLATILE,	0 },
+  { "wchar_t",		RID_WCHAR,	D_CXXONLY },
+  { "while",		RID_WHILE,	0 },
+  /* These Objective-C keywords are recognized only immediately after
+     an '@'.  */
+  { "compatibility_alias", RID_AT_ALIAS,	D_OBJC },
+  { "defs",		RID_AT_DEFS,		D_OBJC },
+  { "encode",		RID_AT_ENCODE,		D_OBJC },
+  { "end",		RID_AT_END,		D_OBJC },
+  { "implementation",	RID_AT_IMPLEMENTATION,	D_OBJC },
+  { "interface",	RID_AT_INTERFACE,	D_OBJC },
+  { "protocol",		RID_AT_PROTOCOL,	D_OBJC },
+  { "selector",		RID_AT_SELECTOR,	D_OBJC },
+  { "finally",		RID_AT_FINALLY,		D_OBJC },
+  { "synchronized",	RID_AT_SYNCHRONIZED,	D_OBJC },
+  { "optional",		RID_AT_OPTIONAL,	D_OBJC },
+  { "required",		RID_AT_REQUIRED,	D_OBJC },
+  { "property",		RID_AT_PROPERTY,	D_OBJC },
+  { "package",		RID_AT_PACKAGE,		D_OBJC },
+  { "synthesize",	RID_AT_SYNTHESIZE,	D_OBJC },
+  { "dynamic",		RID_AT_DYNAMIC,		D_OBJC },
+  /* These are recognized only in protocol-qualifier context
+     (see above) */
+  { "bycopy",		RID_BYCOPY,		D_OBJC },
+  { "byref",		RID_BYREF,		D_OBJC },
+  { "in",		RID_IN,			D_OBJC },
+  { "inout",		RID_INOUT,		D_OBJC },
+  { "oneway",		RID_ONEWAY,		D_OBJC },
+  { "out",		RID_OUT,		D_OBJC },
+  /* These are recognized inside a property attribute list */
+  { "assign",	        RID_ASSIGN,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "copy",	        RID_COPY,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "getter",		RID_GETTER,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "nonatomic",	RID_NONATOMIC,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "readonly",		RID_READONLY,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "readwrite",	RID_READWRITE,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "retain",	        RID_RETAIN,		D_OBJC }, 
+  { "setter",		RID_SETTER,		D_OBJC }, 
+};
+
+const unsigned int num_c_common_reswords =
+  sizeof c_common_reswords / sizeof (struct c_common_resword);
+
+/* Table of machine-independent attributes common to all C-like languages.  */
+const struct attribute_spec c_common_attribute_table[] =
+{
+  /* { name, min_len, max_len, decl_req, type_req, fn_type_req, handler } */
+  { "packed",                 0, 0, false, false, false,
+			      handle_packed_attribute },
+  { "nocommon",               0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_nocommon_attribute },
+  { "common",                 0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_common_attribute },
+  /* FIXME: logically, noreturn attributes should be listed as
+     "false, true, true" and apply to function types.  But implementing this
+     would require all the places in the compiler that use TREE_THIS_VOLATILE
+     on a decl to identify non-returning functions to be located and fixed
+     to check the function type instead.  */
+  { "noreturn",               0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_noreturn_attribute },
+  { "volatile",               0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_noreturn_attribute },
+  { "noinline",               0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_noinline_attribute },
+  { "noclone",                0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_noclone_attribute },
+  { "leaf",                   0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_leaf_attribute },
+  { "always_inline",          0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_always_inline_attribute },
+  { "gnu_inline",             0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_gnu_inline_attribute },
+  { "artificial",             0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_artificial_attribute },
+  { "flatten",                0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_flatten_attribute },
+  { "used",                   0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_used_attribute },
+  { "unused",                 0, 0, false, false, false,
+			      handle_unused_attribute },
+  { "externally_visible",     0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_externally_visible_attribute },
+  /* The same comments as for noreturn attributes apply to const ones.  */
+  { "const",                  0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_const_attribute },
+  { "transparent_union",      0, 0, false, false, false,
+			      handle_transparent_union_attribute },
+  { "constructor",            0, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_constructor_attribute },
+  { "destructor",             0, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_destructor_attribute },
+  { "mode",                   1, 1, false,  true, false,
+			      handle_mode_attribute },
+  { "section",                1, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_section_attribute },
+  { "aligned",                0, 1, false, false, false,
+			      handle_aligned_attribute },
+  { "weak",                   0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_weak_attribute },
+  { "ifunc",                  1, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_ifunc_attribute },
+  { "alias",                  1, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_alias_attribute },
+  { "weakref",                0, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_weakref_attribute },
+  { "no_instrument_function", 0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_no_instrument_function_attribute },
+  { "malloc",                 0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_malloc_attribute },
+  { "returns_twice",          0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_returns_twice_attribute },
+  { "no_stack_limit",         0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_no_limit_stack_attribute },
+  { "pure",                   0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_pure_attribute },
+  /* For internal use (marking of builtins) only.  The name contains space
+     to prevent its usage in source code.  */
+  { "no vops",                0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_novops_attribute },
+  { "deprecated",             0, 1, false, false, false,
+			      handle_deprecated_attribute },
+  { "vector_size",	      1, 1, false, true, false,
+			      handle_vector_size_attribute },
+  { "visibility",	      1, 1, false, false, false,
+			      handle_visibility_attribute },
+  { "tls_model",	      1, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_tls_model_attribute },
+  { "nonnull",                0, -1, false, true, true,
+			      handle_nonnull_attribute },
+  { "nothrow",                0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_nothrow_attribute },
+  { "may_alias",	      0, 0, false, true, false, NULL },
+  { "cleanup",		      1, 1, true, false, false,
+			      handle_cleanup_attribute },
+  { "warn_unused_result",     0, 0, false, true, true,
+			      handle_warn_unused_result_attribute },
+  { "sentinel",               0, 1, false, true, true,
+			      handle_sentinel_attribute },
+  /* For internal use (marking of builtins) only.  The name contains space
+     to prevent its usage in source code.  */
+  { "type generic",           0, 0, false, true, true,
+			      handle_type_generic_attribute },
+  { "alloc_size",	      1, 2, false, true, true,
+			      handle_alloc_size_attribute },
+  { "cold",                   0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_cold_attribute },
+  { "hot",                    0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_hot_attribute },
+  { "warning",		      1, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_error_attribute },
+  { "error",		      1, 1, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_error_attribute },
+  { "target",                 1, -1, true, false, false,
+			      handle_target_attribute },
+  { "optimize",               1, -1, true, false, false,
+			      handle_optimize_attribute },
+  { "no_split_stack",	      0, 0, true,  false, false,
+			      handle_no_split_stack_attribute },
+  /* For internal use (marking of builtins and runtime functions) only.
+     The name contains space to prevent its usage in source code.  */
+  { "fn spec",	 	      1, 1, false, true, true,
+			      handle_fnspec_attribute },
+  { NULL,                     0, 0, false, false, false, NULL }
+};
+
+/* Give the specifications for the format attributes, used by C and all
+   descendants.  */
+
+const struct attribute_spec c_common_format_attribute_table[] =
+{
+  /* { name, min_len, max_len, decl_req, type_req, fn_type_req, handler } */
+  { "format",                 3, 3, false, true,  true,
+			      handle_format_attribute },
+  { "format_arg",             1, 1, false, true,  true,
+			      handle_format_arg_attribute },
+  { NULL,                     0, 0, false, false, false, NULL }
+};
+
+/* Return identifier for address space AS.  */
+
+const char *
+c_addr_space_name (addr_space_t as)
+{
+  int rid = RID_FIRST_ADDR_SPACE + as;
+  gcc_assert (ridpointers [rid]);
+  return IDENTIFIER_POINTER (ridpointers [rid]);
+}
+
+/* Push current bindings for the function name VAR_DECLS.  */
+
+void
+start_fname_decls (void)
+{
+  unsigned ix;
+  tree saved = NULL_TREE;
+
+  for (ix = 0; fname_vars[ix].decl; ix++)
+    {
+      tree decl = *fname_vars[ix].decl;
+
+      if (decl)
+	{
+	  saved = tree_cons (decl, build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, ix), saved);
+	  *fname_vars[ix].decl = NULL_TREE;
+	}
+    }
+  if (saved || saved_function_name_decls)
+    /* Normally they'll have been NULL, so only push if we've got a
+       stack, or they are non-NULL.  */
+    saved_function_name_decls = tree_cons (saved, NULL_TREE,
+					   saved_function_name_decls);
+}
+
+/* Finish up the current bindings, adding them into the current function's
+   statement tree.  This must be done _before_ finish_stmt_tree is called.
+   If there is no current function, we must be at file scope and no statements
+   are involved. Pop the previous bindings.  */
+
+void
+finish_fname_decls (void)
+{
+  unsigned ix;
+  tree stmts = NULL_TREE;
+  tree stack = saved_function_name_decls;
+
+  for (; stack && TREE_VALUE (stack); stack = TREE_CHAIN (stack))
+    append_to_statement_list (TREE_VALUE (stack), &stmts);
+
+  if (stmts)
+    {
+      tree *bodyp = &DECL_SAVED_TREE (current_function_decl);
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (*bodyp) == BIND_EXPR)
+	bodyp = &BIND_EXPR_BODY (*bodyp);
+
+      append_to_statement_list_force (*bodyp, &stmts);
+      *bodyp = stmts;
+    }
+
+  for (ix = 0; fname_vars[ix].decl; ix++)
+    *fname_vars[ix].decl = NULL_TREE;
+
+  if (stack)
+    {
+      /* We had saved values, restore them.  */
+      tree saved;
+
+      for (saved = TREE_PURPOSE (stack); saved; saved = TREE_CHAIN (saved))
+	{
+	  tree decl = TREE_PURPOSE (saved);
+	  unsigned ix = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (TREE_VALUE (saved));
+
+	  *fname_vars[ix].decl = decl;
+	}
+      stack = TREE_CHAIN (stack);
+    }
+  saved_function_name_decls = stack;
+}
+
+/* Return the text name of the current function, suitably prettified
+   by PRETTY_P.  Return string must be freed by caller.  */
+
+const char *
+fname_as_string (int pretty_p)
+{
+  const char *name = "top level";
+  char *namep;
+  int vrb = 2, len;
+  cpp_string cstr = { 0, 0 }, strname;
+
+  if (!pretty_p)
+    {
+      name = "";
+      vrb = 0;
+    }
+
+  if (current_function_decl)
+    name = lang_hooks.decl_printable_name (current_function_decl, vrb);
+
+  len = strlen (name) + 3; /* Two for '"'s.  One for NULL.  */
+
+  namep = XNEWVEC (char, len);
+  snprintf (namep, len, "\"%s\"", name);
+  strname.text = (unsigned char *) namep;
+  strname.len = len - 1;
+
+  if (cpp_interpret_string (parse_in, &strname, 1, &cstr, CPP_STRING))
+    {
+      XDELETEVEC (namep);
+      return (const char *) cstr.text;
+    }
+
+  return namep;
+}
+
+/* Return the VAR_DECL for a const char array naming the current
+   function. If the VAR_DECL has not yet been created, create it
+   now. RID indicates how it should be formatted and IDENTIFIER_NODE
+   ID is its name (unfortunately C and C++ hold the RID values of
+   keywords in different places, so we can't derive RID from ID in
+   this language independent code. LOC is the location of the
+   function.  */
+
+tree
+fname_decl (location_t loc, unsigned int rid, tree id)
+{
+  unsigned ix;
+  tree decl = NULL_TREE;
+
+  for (ix = 0; fname_vars[ix].decl; ix++)
+    if (fname_vars[ix].rid == rid)
+      break;
+
+  decl = *fname_vars[ix].decl;
+  if (!decl)
+    {
+      /* If a tree is built here, it would normally have the lineno of
+	 the current statement.  Later this tree will be moved to the
+	 beginning of the function and this line number will be wrong.
+	 To avoid this problem set the lineno to 0 here; that prevents
+	 it from appearing in the RTL.  */
+      tree stmts;
+      location_t saved_location = input_location;
+      input_location = UNKNOWN_LOCATION;
+
+      stmts = push_stmt_list ();
+      decl = (*make_fname_decl) (loc, id, fname_vars[ix].pretty);
+      stmts = pop_stmt_list (stmts);
+      if (!IS_EMPTY_STMT (stmts))
+	saved_function_name_decls
+	  = tree_cons (decl, stmts, saved_function_name_decls);
+      *fname_vars[ix].decl = decl;
+      input_location = saved_location;
+    }
+  if (!ix && !current_function_decl)
+    pedwarn (loc, 0, "%qD is not defined outside of function scope", decl);
+
+  return decl;
+}
+
+/* Given a STRING_CST, give it a suitable array-of-chars data type.  */
+
+tree
+fix_string_type (tree value)
+{
+  int length = TREE_STRING_LENGTH (value);
+  int nchars;
+  tree e_type, i_type, a_type;
+
+  /* Compute the number of elements, for the array type.  */
+  if (TREE_TYPE (value) == char_array_type_node || !TREE_TYPE (value))
+    {
+      nchars = length;
+      e_type = char_type_node;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_TYPE (value) == char16_array_type_node)
+    {
+      nchars = length / (TYPE_PRECISION (char16_type_node) / BITS_PER_UNIT);
+      e_type = char16_type_node;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_TYPE (value) == char32_array_type_node)
+    {
+      nchars = length / (TYPE_PRECISION (char32_type_node) / BITS_PER_UNIT);
+      e_type = char32_type_node;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      nchars = length / (TYPE_PRECISION (wchar_type_node) / BITS_PER_UNIT);
+      e_type = wchar_type_node;
+    }
+
+  /* C89 2.2.4.1, C99 5.2.4.1 (Translation limits).  The analogous
+     limit in C++98 Annex B is very large (65536) and is not normative,
+     so we do not diagnose it (warn_overlength_strings is forced off
+     in c_common_post_options).  */
+  if (warn_overlength_strings)
+    {
+      const int nchars_max = flag_isoc99 ? 4095 : 509;
+      const int relevant_std = flag_isoc99 ? 99 : 90;
+      if (nchars - 1 > nchars_max)
+	/* Translators: The %d after 'ISO C' will be 90 or 99.  Do not
+	   separate the %d from the 'C'.  'ISO' should not be
+	   translated, but it may be moved after 'C%d' in languages
+	   where modifiers follow nouns.  */
+	pedwarn (input_location, OPT_Woverlength_strings,
+		 "string length %qd is greater than the length %qd "
+		 "ISO C%d compilers are required to support",
+		 nchars - 1, nchars_max, relevant_std);
+    }
+
+  /* Create the array type for the string constant.  The ISO C++
+     standard says that a string literal has type `const char[N]' or
+     `const wchar_t[N]'.  We use the same logic when invoked as a C
+     front-end with -Wwrite-strings.
+     ??? We should change the type of an expression depending on the
+     state of a warning flag.  We should just be warning -- see how
+     this is handled in the C++ front-end for the deprecated implicit
+     conversion from string literals to `char*' or `wchar_t*'.
+
+     The C++ front end relies on TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT of a cv-qualified
+     array type being the unqualified version of that type.
+     Therefore, if we are constructing an array of const char, we must
+     construct the matching unqualified array type first.  The C front
+     end does not require this, but it does no harm, so we do it
+     unconditionally.  */
+  i_type = build_index_type (build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, nchars - 1));
+  a_type = build_array_type (e_type, i_type);
+  if (c_dialect_cxx() || warn_write_strings)
+    a_type = c_build_qualified_type (a_type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST);
+
+  TREE_TYPE (value) = a_type;
+  TREE_CONSTANT (value) = 1;
+  TREE_READONLY (value) = 1;
+  TREE_STATIC (value) = 1;
+  return value;
+}
+
+/* Fully fold EXPR, an expression that was not folded (beyond integer
+   constant expressions and null pointer constants) when being built
+   up.  If IN_INIT, this is in a static initializer and certain
+   changes are made to the folding done.  Clear *MAYBE_CONST if
+   MAYBE_CONST is not NULL and EXPR is definitely not a constant
+   expression because it contains an evaluated operator (in C99) or an
+   operator outside of sizeof returning an integer constant (in C90)
+   not permitted in constant expressions, or because it contains an
+   evaluated arithmetic overflow.  (*MAYBE_CONST should typically be
+   set to true by callers before calling this function.)  Return the
+   folded expression.  Function arguments have already been folded
+   before calling this function, as have the contents of SAVE_EXPR,
+   TARGET_EXPR, BIND_EXPR, VA_ARG_EXPR, OBJ_TYPE_REF and
+   C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR.  */
+
+tree
+c_fully_fold (tree expr, bool in_init, bool *maybe_const)
+{
+  tree ret;
+  tree eptype = NULL_TREE;
+  bool dummy = true;
+  bool maybe_const_itself = true;
+  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (expr);
+
+  /* This function is not relevant to C++ because C++ folds while
+     parsing, and may need changes to be correct for C++ when C++
+     stops folding while parsing.  */
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    gcc_unreachable ();
+
+  if (!maybe_const)
+    maybe_const = &dummy;
+  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == EXCESS_PRECISION_EXPR)
+    {
+      eptype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
+      expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+    }
+  ret = c_fully_fold_internal (expr, in_init, maybe_const,
+			       &maybe_const_itself);
+  if (eptype)
+    ret = fold_convert_loc (loc, eptype, ret);
+  *maybe_const &= maybe_const_itself;
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* Internal helper for c_fully_fold.  EXPR and IN_INIT are as for
+   c_fully_fold.  *MAYBE_CONST_OPERANDS is cleared because of operands
+   not permitted, while *MAYBE_CONST_ITSELF is cleared because of
+   arithmetic overflow (for C90, *MAYBE_CONST_OPERANDS is carried from
+   both evaluated and unevaluated subexpressions while
+   *MAYBE_CONST_ITSELF is carried from only evaluated
+   subexpressions).  */
+
+static tree
+c_fully_fold_internal (tree expr, bool in_init, bool *maybe_const_operands,
+		       bool *maybe_const_itself)
+{
+  tree ret = expr;
+  enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (expr);
+  enum tree_code_class kind = TREE_CODE_CLASS (code);
+  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (expr);
+  tree op0, op1, op2, op3;
+  tree orig_op0, orig_op1, orig_op2;
+  bool op0_const = true, op1_const = true, op2_const = true;
+  bool op0_const_self = true, op1_const_self = true, op2_const_self = true;
+  bool nowarning = TREE_NO_WARNING (expr);
+  int unused_p;
+
+  /* This function is not relevant to C++ because C++ folds while
+     parsing, and may need changes to be correct for C++ when C++
+     stops folding while parsing.  */
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    gcc_unreachable ();
+
+  /* Constants, declarations, statements, errors, SAVE_EXPRs and
+     anything else not counted as an expression cannot usefully be
+     folded further at this point.  */
+  if (!IS_EXPR_CODE_CLASS (kind)
+      || kind == tcc_statement
+      || code == SAVE_EXPR)
+    return expr;
+
+  /* Operands of variable-length expressions (function calls) have
+     already been folded, as have __builtin_* function calls, and such
+     expressions cannot occur in constant expressions.  */
+  if (kind == tcc_vl_exp)
+    {
+      *maybe_const_operands = false;
+      ret = fold (expr);
+      goto out;
+    }
+
+  if (code == C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR)
+    {
+      tree pre = C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_PRE (expr);
+      tree inner = C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_EXPR (expr);
+      if (C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_NON_CONST (expr))
+	*maybe_const_operands = false;
+      if (C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_INT_OPERANDS (expr))
+	*maybe_const_itself = false;
+      if (pre && !in_init)
+	ret = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (expr), pre, inner);
+      else
+	ret = inner;
+      goto out;
+    }
+
+  /* Assignment, increment, decrement, function call and comma
+     operators, and statement expressions, cannot occur in constant
+     expressions if evaluated / outside of sizeof.  (Function calls
+     were handled above, though VA_ARG_EXPR is treated like a function
+     call here, and statement expressions are handled through
+     C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR to avoid folding inside them.)  */
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case MODIFY_EXPR:
+    case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
+    case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
+    case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
+    case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
+    case COMPOUND_EXPR:
+      *maybe_const_operands = false;
+      break;
+
+    case VA_ARG_EXPR:
+    case TARGET_EXPR:
+    case BIND_EXPR:
+    case OBJ_TYPE_REF:
+      *maybe_const_operands = false;
+      ret = fold (expr);
+      goto out;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+  /* Fold individual tree codes as appropriate.  */
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR:
+      /* Any non-constancy will have been marked in a containing
+	 C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR; there is no more folding to do here.  */
+      goto out;
+
+    case COMPONENT_REF:
+      orig_op0 = op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      op2 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2);
+      op0 = c_fully_fold_internal (op0, in_init, maybe_const_operands,
+				   maybe_const_itself);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op0);
+      if (op0 != orig_op0)
+	ret = build3 (COMPONENT_REF, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1, op2);
+      if (ret != expr)
+	{
+	  TREE_READONLY (ret) = TREE_READONLY (expr);
+	  TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ret) = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (expr);
+	}
+      goto out;
+
+    case ARRAY_REF:
+      orig_op0 = op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      orig_op1 = op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      op2 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2);
+      op3 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 3);
+      op0 = c_fully_fold_internal (op0, in_init, maybe_const_operands,
+				   maybe_const_itself);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op0);
+      op1 = c_fully_fold_internal (op1, in_init, maybe_const_operands,
+				   maybe_const_itself);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op1);
+      op1 = decl_constant_value_for_optimization (op1);
+      if (op0 != orig_op0 || op1 != orig_op1)
+	ret = build4 (ARRAY_REF, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1, op2, op3);
+      if (ret != expr)
+	{
+	  TREE_READONLY (ret) = TREE_READONLY (expr);
+	  TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (ret) = TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr);
+	  TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ret) = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (expr);
+	}
+      ret = fold (ret);
+      goto out;
+
+    case COMPOUND_EXPR:
+    case MODIFY_EXPR:
+    case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
+    case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
+    case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
+    case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
+    case PLUS_EXPR:
+    case MINUS_EXPR:
+    case MULT_EXPR:
+    case POINTER_PLUS_EXPR:
+    case TRUNC_DIV_EXPR:
+    case CEIL_DIV_EXPR:
+    case FLOOR_DIV_EXPR:
+    case TRUNC_MOD_EXPR:
+    case RDIV_EXPR:
+    case EXACT_DIV_EXPR:
+    case LSHIFT_EXPR:
+    case RSHIFT_EXPR:
+    case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
+    case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
+    case BIT_AND_EXPR:
+    case LT_EXPR:
+    case LE_EXPR:
+    case GT_EXPR:
+    case GE_EXPR:
+    case EQ_EXPR:
+    case NE_EXPR:
+    case COMPLEX_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_XOR_EXPR:
+    case UNORDERED_EXPR:
+    case ORDERED_EXPR:
+    case UNLT_EXPR:
+    case UNLE_EXPR:
+    case UNGT_EXPR:
+    case UNGE_EXPR:
+    case UNEQ_EXPR:
+      /* Binary operations evaluating both arguments (increment and
+	 decrement are binary internally in GCC).  */
+      orig_op0 = op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      orig_op1 = op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      op0 = c_fully_fold_internal (op0, in_init, maybe_const_operands,
+				   maybe_const_itself);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op0);
+      if (code != MODIFY_EXPR
+	  && code != PREDECREMENT_EXPR
+	  && code != PREINCREMENT_EXPR
+	  && code != POSTDECREMENT_EXPR
+	  && code != POSTINCREMENT_EXPR)
+	op0 = decl_constant_value_for_optimization (op0);
+      /* The RHS of a MODIFY_EXPR was fully folded when building that
+	 expression for the sake of conversion warnings.  */
+      if (code != MODIFY_EXPR)
+	op1 = c_fully_fold_internal (op1, in_init, maybe_const_operands,
+				     maybe_const_itself);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op1);
+      op1 = decl_constant_value_for_optimization (op1);
+      if (op0 != orig_op0 || op1 != orig_op1 || in_init)
+	ret = in_init
+	  ? fold_build2_initializer_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1)
+	  : fold_build2_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1);
+      else
+	ret = fold (expr);
+      if (TREE_OVERFLOW_P (ret)
+	  && !TREE_OVERFLOW_P (op0)
+	  && !TREE_OVERFLOW_P (op1))
+	overflow_warning (EXPR_LOCATION (expr), ret);
+      goto out;
+
+    case INDIRECT_REF:
+    case FIX_TRUNC_EXPR:
+    case FLOAT_EXPR:
+    CASE_CONVERT:
+    case VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR:
+    case NON_LVALUE_EXPR:
+    case NEGATE_EXPR:
+    case BIT_NOT_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
+    case ADDR_EXPR:
+    case CONJ_EXPR:
+    case REALPART_EXPR:
+    case IMAGPART_EXPR:
+      /* Unary operations.  */
+      orig_op0 = op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      op0 = c_fully_fold_internal (op0, in_init, maybe_const_operands,
+				   maybe_const_itself);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op0);
+      if (code != ADDR_EXPR && code != REALPART_EXPR && code != IMAGPART_EXPR)
+	op0 = decl_constant_value_for_optimization (op0);
+      if (op0 != orig_op0 || in_init)
+	ret = in_init
+	  ? fold_build1_initializer_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0)
+	  : fold_build1_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0);
+      else
+	ret = fold (expr);
+      if (code == INDIRECT_REF
+	  && ret != expr
+	  && TREE_CODE (ret) == INDIRECT_REF)
+	{
+	  TREE_READONLY (ret) = TREE_READONLY (expr);
+	  TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (ret) = TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr);
+	  TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ret) = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (expr);
+	}
+      switch (code)
+	{
+	case FIX_TRUNC_EXPR:
+	case FLOAT_EXPR:
+	CASE_CONVERT:
+	  /* Don't warn about explicit conversions.  We will already
+	     have warned about suspect implicit conversions.  */
+	  break;
+
+	default:
+	  if (TREE_OVERFLOW_P (ret) && !TREE_OVERFLOW_P (op0))
+	    overflow_warning (EXPR_LOCATION (expr), ret);
+	  break;
+	}
+      goto out;
+
+    case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
+      /* Binary operations not necessarily evaluating both
+	 arguments.  */
+      orig_op0 = op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      orig_op1 = op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      op0 = c_fully_fold_internal (op0, in_init, &op0_const, &op0_const_self);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op0);
+
+      unused_p = (op0 == (code == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR
+			  ? truthvalue_false_node
+			  : truthvalue_true_node));
+      c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings += unused_p;
+      op1 = c_fully_fold_internal (op1, in_init, &op1_const, &op1_const_self);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op1);
+      c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings -= unused_p;
+
+      if (op0 != orig_op0 || op1 != orig_op1 || in_init)
+	ret = in_init
+	  ? fold_build2_initializer_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1)
+	  : fold_build2_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1);
+      else
+	ret = fold (expr);
+      *maybe_const_operands &= op0_const;
+      *maybe_const_itself &= op0_const_self;
+      if (!(flag_isoc99
+	    && op0_const
+	    && op0_const_self
+	    && (code == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR
+		? op0 == truthvalue_false_node
+		: op0 == truthvalue_true_node)))
+	*maybe_const_operands &= op1_const;
+      if (!(op0_const
+	    && op0_const_self
+	    && (code == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR
+		? op0 == truthvalue_false_node
+		: op0 == truthvalue_true_node)))
+	*maybe_const_itself &= op1_const_self;
+      goto out;
+
+    case COND_EXPR:
+      orig_op0 = op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      orig_op1 = op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      orig_op2 = op2 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2);
+      op0 = c_fully_fold_internal (op0, in_init, &op0_const, &op0_const_self);
+
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op0);
+      c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings += (op0 == truthvalue_false_node);
+      op1 = c_fully_fold_internal (op1, in_init, &op1_const, &op1_const_self);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op1);
+      c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings -= (op0 == truthvalue_false_node);
+
+      c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings += (op0 == truthvalue_true_node);
+      op2 = c_fully_fold_internal (op2, in_init, &op2_const, &op2_const_self);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (op2);
+      c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings -= (op0 == truthvalue_true_node);
+
+      if (op0 != orig_op0 || op1 != orig_op1 || op2 != orig_op2)
+	ret = fold_build3_loc (loc, code, TREE_TYPE (expr), op0, op1, op2);
+      else
+	ret = fold (expr);
+      *maybe_const_operands &= op0_const;
+      *maybe_const_itself &= op0_const_self;
+      if (!(flag_isoc99
+	    && op0_const
+	    && op0_const_self
+	    && op0 == truthvalue_false_node))
+	*maybe_const_operands &= op1_const;
+      if (!(op0_const
+	    && op0_const_self
+	    && op0 == truthvalue_false_node))
+	*maybe_const_itself &= op1_const_self;
+      if (!(flag_isoc99
+	    && op0_const
+	    && op0_const_self
+	    && op0 == truthvalue_true_node))
+	*maybe_const_operands &= op2_const;
+      if (!(op0_const
+	    && op0_const_self
+	    && op0 == truthvalue_true_node))
+	*maybe_const_itself &= op2_const_self;
+      goto out;
+
+    case EXCESS_PRECISION_EXPR:
+      /* Each case where an operand with excess precision may be
+	 encountered must remove the EXCESS_PRECISION_EXPR around
+	 inner operands and possibly put one around the whole
+	 expression or possibly convert to the semantic type (which
+	 c_fully_fold does); we cannot tell at this stage which is
+	 appropriate in any particular case.  */
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+
+    default:
+      /* Various codes may appear through folding built-in functions
+	 and their arguments.  */
+      goto out;
+    }
+
+ out:
+  /* Some folding may introduce NON_LVALUE_EXPRs; all lvalue checks
+     have been done by this point, so remove them again.  */
+  nowarning |= TREE_NO_WARNING (ret);
+  STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (ret);
+  if (nowarning && !TREE_NO_WARNING (ret))
+    {
+      if (!CAN_HAVE_LOCATION_P (ret))
+	ret = build1 (NOP_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (ret), ret);
+      TREE_NO_WARNING (ret) = 1;
+    }
+  if (ret != expr)
+    protected_set_expr_location (ret, loc);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* If not optimizing, EXP is not a VAR_DECL, or EXP has array type,
+   return EXP.  Otherwise, return either EXP or its known constant
+   value (if it has one), but return EXP if EXP has mode BLKmode.  ???
+   Is the BLKmode test appropriate?  */
+
+tree
+decl_constant_value_for_optimization (tree exp)
+{
+  tree ret;
+
+  /* This function is only used by C, for c_fully_fold and other
+     optimization, and may not be correct for C++.  */
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    gcc_unreachable ();
+
+  if (!optimize
+      || TREE_CODE (exp) != VAR_DECL
+      || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (exp)) == ARRAY_TYPE
+      || DECL_MODE (exp) == BLKmode)
+    return exp;
+
+  ret = decl_constant_value (exp);
+  /* Avoid unwanted tree sharing between the initializer and current
+     function's body where the tree can be modified e.g. by the
+     gimplifier.  */
+  if (ret != exp && TREE_STATIC (exp))
+    ret = unshare_expr (ret);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* Print a warning if a constant expression had overflow in folding.
+   Invoke this function on every expression that the language
+   requires to be a constant expression.
+   Note the ANSI C standard says it is erroneous for a
+   constant expression to overflow.  */
+
+void
+constant_expression_warning (tree value)
+{
+  if (warn_overflow && pedantic
+      && (TREE_CODE (value) == INTEGER_CST || TREE_CODE (value) == REAL_CST
+	  || TREE_CODE (value) == FIXED_CST
+	  || TREE_CODE (value) == VECTOR_CST
+	  || TREE_CODE (value) == COMPLEX_CST)
+      && TREE_OVERFLOW (value))
+    pedwarn (input_location, OPT_Woverflow, "overflow in constant expression");
+}
+
+/* The same as above but print an unconditional error.  */
+void
+constant_expression_error (tree value)
+{
+  if ((TREE_CODE (value) == INTEGER_CST || TREE_CODE (value) == REAL_CST
+       || TREE_CODE (value) == FIXED_CST
+       || TREE_CODE (value) == VECTOR_CST
+       || TREE_CODE (value) == COMPLEX_CST)
+      && TREE_OVERFLOW (value))
+    error ("overflow in constant expression");
+}
+
+/* Print a warning if an expression had overflow in folding and its
+   operands hadn't.
+
+   Invoke this function on every expression that
+   (1) appears in the source code, and
+   (2) is a constant expression that overflowed, and
+   (3) is not already checked by convert_and_check;
+   however, do not invoke this function on operands of explicit casts
+   or when the expression is the result of an operator and any operand
+   already overflowed.  */
+
+void
+overflow_warning (location_t loc, tree value)
+{
+  if (c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings != 0)
+    return;
+
+  switch (TREE_CODE (value))
+    {
+    case INTEGER_CST:
+      warning_at (loc, OPT_Woverflow, "integer overflow in expression");
+      break;
+
+    case REAL_CST:
+      warning_at (loc, OPT_Woverflow,
+		  "floating point overflow in expression");
+      break;
+
+    case FIXED_CST:
+      warning_at (loc, OPT_Woverflow, "fixed-point overflow in expression");
+      break;
+
+    case VECTOR_CST:
+      warning_at (loc, OPT_Woverflow, "vector overflow in expression");
+      break;
+
+    case COMPLEX_CST:
+      if (TREE_CODE (TREE_REALPART (value)) == INTEGER_CST)
+	warning_at (loc, OPT_Woverflow,
+		    "complex integer overflow in expression");
+      else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_REALPART (value)) == REAL_CST)
+	warning_at (loc, OPT_Woverflow,
+		    "complex floating point overflow in expression");
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Warn about uses of logical || / && operator in a context where it
+   is likely that the bitwise equivalent was intended by the
+   programmer.  We have seen an expression in which CODE is a binary
+   operator used to combine expressions OP_LEFT and OP_RIGHT, which before folding
+   had CODE_LEFT and CODE_RIGHT, into an expression of type TYPE.  */
+void
+warn_logical_operator (location_t location, enum tree_code code, tree type,
+		       enum tree_code code_left, tree op_left,
+		       enum tree_code ARG_UNUSED (code_right), tree op_right)
+{
+  int or_op = (code == TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR || code == TRUTH_OR_EXPR);
+  int in0_p, in1_p, in_p;
+  tree low0, low1, low, high0, high1, high, lhs, rhs, tem;
+  bool strict_overflow_p = false;
+
+  if (code != TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR
+      && code != TRUTH_AND_EXPR
+      && code != TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR
+      && code != TRUTH_OR_EXPR)
+    return;
+
+  /* Warn if &&/|| are being used in a context where it is
+     likely that the bitwise equivalent was intended by the
+     programmer. That is, an expression such as op && MASK
+     where op should not be any boolean expression, nor a
+     constant, and mask seems to be a non-boolean integer constant.  */
+  if (!truth_value_p (code_left)
+      && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (op_left))
+      && !CONSTANT_CLASS_P (op_left)
+      && !TREE_NO_WARNING (op_left)
+      && TREE_CODE (op_right) == INTEGER_CST
+      && !integer_zerop (op_right)
+      && !integer_onep (op_right))
+    {
+      if (or_op)
+	warning_at (location, OPT_Wlogical_op, "logical %<or%>"
+		    " applied to non-boolean constant");
+      else
+	warning_at (location, OPT_Wlogical_op, "logical %<and%>"
+		    " applied to non-boolean constant");
+      TREE_NO_WARNING (op_left) = true;
+      return;
+    }
+
+  /* We do not warn for constants because they are typical of macro
+     expansions that test for features.  */
+  if (CONSTANT_CLASS_P (op_left) || CONSTANT_CLASS_P (op_right))
+    return;
+
+  /* This warning only makes sense with logical operands.  */
+  if (!(truth_value_p (TREE_CODE (op_left))
+	|| INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (op_left)))
+      || !(truth_value_p (TREE_CODE (op_right))
+	   || INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (op_right))))
+    return;
+
+  lhs = make_range (op_left, &in0_p, &low0, &high0, &strict_overflow_p);
+  rhs = make_range (op_right, &in1_p, &low1, &high1, &strict_overflow_p);
+
+  if (lhs && TREE_CODE (lhs) == C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR)
+    lhs = C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_EXPR (lhs);
+
+  if (rhs && TREE_CODE (rhs) == C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR)
+    rhs = C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_EXPR (rhs);
+
+  /* If this is an OR operation, invert both sides; we will invert
+     again at the end.  */
+  if (or_op)
+    in0_p = !in0_p, in1_p = !in1_p;
+
+  /* If both expressions are the same, if we can merge the ranges, and we
+     can build the range test, return it or it inverted.  */
+  if (lhs && rhs && operand_equal_p (lhs, rhs, 0)
+      && merge_ranges (&in_p, &low, &high, in0_p, low0, high0,
+		       in1_p, low1, high1)
+      && 0 != (tem = build_range_check (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					type, lhs, in_p, low, high)))
+    {
+      if (TREE_CODE (tem) != INTEGER_CST)
+	return;
+
+      if (or_op)
+        warning_at (location, OPT_Wlogical_op,
+                    "logical %<or%> "
+                    "of collectively exhaustive tests is always true");
+      else
+        warning_at (location, OPT_Wlogical_op,
+                    "logical %<and%> "
+                    "of mutually exclusive tests is always false");
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* Print a warning about casts that might indicate violation
+   of strict aliasing rules if -Wstrict-aliasing is used and
+   strict aliasing mode is in effect. OTYPE is the original
+   TREE_TYPE of EXPR, and TYPE the type we're casting to. */
+
+bool
+strict_aliasing_warning (tree otype, tree type, tree expr)
+{
+  /* Strip pointer conversion chains and get to the correct original type.  */
+  STRIP_NOPS (expr);
+  otype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
+
+  if (!(flag_strict_aliasing
+	&& POINTER_TYPE_P (type)
+	&& POINTER_TYPE_P (otype)
+	&& !VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type)))
+      /* If the type we are casting to is a ref-all pointer
+         dereferencing it is always valid.  */
+      || TYPE_REF_CAN_ALIAS_ALL (type))
+    return false;
+
+  if ((warn_strict_aliasing > 1) && TREE_CODE (expr) == ADDR_EXPR
+      && (DECL_P (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0))
+          || handled_component_p (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0))))
+    {
+      /* Casting the address of an object to non void pointer. Warn
+         if the cast breaks type based aliasing.  */
+      if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type)) && warn_strict_aliasing == 2)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wstrict_aliasing, "type-punning to incomplete type "
+		   "might break strict-aliasing rules");
+	  return true;
+	}
+      else
+        {
+          /* warn_strict_aliasing >= 3.   This includes the default (3).
+             Only warn if the cast is dereferenced immediately.  */
+          alias_set_type set1 =
+	    get_alias_set (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)));
+          alias_set_type set2 = get_alias_set (TREE_TYPE (type));
+
+          if (set1 != set2 && set2 != 0
+	      && (set1 == 0 || !alias_sets_conflict_p (set1, set2)))
+	    {
+	      warning (OPT_Wstrict_aliasing, "dereferencing type-punned "
+		       "pointer will break strict-aliasing rules");
+	      return true;
+	    }
+          else if (warn_strict_aliasing == 2
+		   && !alias_sets_must_conflict_p (set1, set2))
+	    {
+	      warning (OPT_Wstrict_aliasing, "dereferencing type-punned "
+		       "pointer might break strict-aliasing rules");
+	      return true;
+	    }
+        }
+    }
+  else
+    if ((warn_strict_aliasing == 1) && !VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (otype)))
+      {
+        /* At this level, warn for any conversions, even if an address is
+           not taken in the same statement.  This will likely produce many
+           false positives, but could be useful to pinpoint problems that
+           are not revealed at higher levels.  */
+        alias_set_type set1 = get_alias_set (TREE_TYPE (otype));
+        alias_set_type set2 = get_alias_set (TREE_TYPE (type));
+        if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type)
+            || !alias_sets_must_conflict_p (set1, set2))
+	  {
+            warning (OPT_Wstrict_aliasing, "dereferencing type-punned "
+                     "pointer might break strict-aliasing rules");
+            return true;
+          }
+      }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/* Warn for unlikely, improbable, or stupid DECL declarations
+   of `main'.  */
+
+void
+check_main_parameter_types (tree decl)
+{
+  tree args;
+  int argct = 0;
+
+  for (args = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (decl)); args;
+      args = TREE_CHAIN (args))
+   {
+     tree type = args ? TREE_VALUE (args) : 0;
+
+     if (type == void_type_node || type == error_mark_node )
+       break;
+
+     ++argct;
+     switch (argct)
+       {
+       case 1:
+         if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type) != integer_type_node)
+           pedwarn (input_location, OPT_Wmain, "first argument of %q+D should be %<int%>",
+		    decl);
+         break;
+
+       case 2:
+         if (TREE_CODE (type) != POINTER_TYPE
+             || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) != POINTER_TYPE
+             || (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (type)))
+                 != char_type_node))
+           pedwarn (input_location, OPT_Wmain, "second argument of %q+D should be %<char **%>",
+		    decl);
+         break;
+
+       case 3:
+         if (TREE_CODE (type) != POINTER_TYPE
+             || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) != POINTER_TYPE
+             || (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (type)))
+                 != char_type_node))
+	   pedwarn (input_location, OPT_Wmain, "third argument of %q+D should probably be "
+		    "%<char **%>", decl);
+         break;
+       }
+   }
+
+  /* It is intentional that this message does not mention the third
+    argument because it's only mentioned in an appendix of the
+    standard.  */
+  if (argct > 0 && (argct < 2 || argct > 3))
+    pedwarn (input_location, OPT_Wmain, "%q+D takes only zero or two arguments", decl);
+}
+
+/* True if pointers to distinct types T1 and T2 can be converted to
+   each other without an explicit cast.  Only returns true for opaque
+   vector types.  */
+bool
+vector_targets_convertible_p (const_tree t1, const_tree t2)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (t1) == VECTOR_TYPE && TREE_CODE (t2) == VECTOR_TYPE
+      && (TYPE_VECTOR_OPAQUE (t1) || TYPE_VECTOR_OPAQUE (t2))
+      && tree_int_cst_equal (TYPE_SIZE (t1), TYPE_SIZE (t2)))
+    return true;
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/* True if vector types T1 and T2 can be converted to each other
+   without an explicit cast.  If EMIT_LAX_NOTE is true, and T1 and T2
+   can only be converted with -flax-vector-conversions yet that is not
+   in effect, emit a note telling the user about that option if such
+   a note has not previously been emitted.  */
+bool
+vector_types_convertible_p (const_tree t1, const_tree t2, bool emit_lax_note)
+{
+  static bool emitted_lax_note = false;
+  bool convertible_lax;
+
+  if ((TYPE_VECTOR_OPAQUE (t1) || TYPE_VECTOR_OPAQUE (t2))
+      && tree_int_cst_equal (TYPE_SIZE (t1), TYPE_SIZE (t2)))
+    return true;
+
+  convertible_lax =
+    (tree_int_cst_equal (TYPE_SIZE (t1), TYPE_SIZE (t2))
+     && (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (t1)) != REAL_TYPE ||
+	 TYPE_PRECISION (t1) == TYPE_PRECISION (t2))
+     && (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t1))
+	 == INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t2))));
+
+  if (!convertible_lax || flag_lax_vector_conversions)
+    return convertible_lax;
+
+  if (TYPE_VECTOR_SUBPARTS (t1) == TYPE_VECTOR_SUBPARTS (t2)
+      && lang_hooks.types_compatible_p (TREE_TYPE (t1), TREE_TYPE (t2)))
+    return true;
+
+  if (emit_lax_note && !emitted_lax_note)
+    {
+      emitted_lax_note = true;
+      inform (input_location, "use -flax-vector-conversions to permit "
+              "conversions between vectors with differing "
+              "element types or numbers of subparts");
+    }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/* This is a helper function of build_binary_op.
+
+   For certain operations if both args were extended from the same
+   smaller type, do the arithmetic in that type and then extend.
+
+   BITWISE indicates a bitwise operation.
+   For them, this optimization is safe only if
+   both args are zero-extended or both are sign-extended.
+   Otherwise, we might change the result.
+   Eg, (short)-1 | (unsigned short)-1 is (int)-1
+   but calculated in (unsigned short) it would be (unsigned short)-1.
+*/
+tree shorten_binary_op (tree result_type, tree op0, tree op1, bool bitwise)
+{
+  int unsigned0, unsigned1;
+  tree arg0, arg1;
+  int uns;
+  tree type;
+
+  /* Cast OP0 and OP1 to RESULT_TYPE.  Doing so prevents
+     excessive narrowing when we call get_narrower below.  For
+     example, suppose that OP0 is of unsigned int extended
+     from signed char and that RESULT_TYPE is long long int.
+     If we explicitly cast OP0 to RESULT_TYPE, OP0 would look
+     like
+
+     (long long int) (unsigned int) signed_char
+
+     which get_narrower would narrow down to
+
+     (unsigned int) signed char
+
+     If we do not cast OP0 first, get_narrower would return
+     signed_char, which is inconsistent with the case of the
+     explicit cast.  */
+  op0 = convert (result_type, op0);
+  op1 = convert (result_type, op1);
+
+  arg0 = get_narrower (op0, &unsigned0);
+  arg1 = get_narrower (op1, &unsigned1);
+
+  /* UNS is 1 if the operation to be done is an unsigned one.  */
+  uns = TYPE_UNSIGNED (result_type);
+
+  /* Handle the case that OP0 (or OP1) does not *contain* a conversion
+     but it *requires* conversion to FINAL_TYPE.  */
+
+  if ((TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (op0))
+       == TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg0)))
+      && TREE_TYPE (op0) != result_type)
+    unsigned0 = TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (op0));
+  if ((TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (op1))
+       == TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg1)))
+      && TREE_TYPE (op1) != result_type)
+    unsigned1 = TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (op1));
+
+  /* Now UNSIGNED0 is 1 if ARG0 zero-extends to FINAL_TYPE.  */
+
+  /* For bitwise operations, signedness of nominal type
+     does not matter.  Consider only how operands were extended.  */
+  if (bitwise)
+    uns = unsigned0;
+
+  /* Note that in all three cases below we refrain from optimizing
+     an unsigned operation on sign-extended args.
+     That would not be valid.  */
+
+  /* Both args variable: if both extended in same way
+     from same width, do it in that width.
+     Do it unsigned if args were zero-extended.  */
+  if ((TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg0))
+       < TYPE_PRECISION (result_type))
+      && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg1))
+	  == TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg0)))
+      && unsigned0 == unsigned1
+      && (unsigned0 || !uns))
+    return c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type
+      (unsigned0, common_type (TREE_TYPE (arg0), TREE_TYPE (arg1)));
+
+  else if (TREE_CODE (arg0) == INTEGER_CST
+	   && (unsigned1 || !uns)
+	   && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg1))
+	       < TYPE_PRECISION (result_type))
+	   && (type
+	       = c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (unsigned1,
+						   TREE_TYPE (arg1)))
+	   && !POINTER_TYPE_P (type)
+	   && int_fits_type_p (arg0, type))
+    return type;
+
+  else if (TREE_CODE (arg1) == INTEGER_CST
+	   && (unsigned0 || !uns)
+	   && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg0))
+	       < TYPE_PRECISION (result_type))
+	   && (type
+	       = c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (unsigned0,
+						   TREE_TYPE (arg0)))
+	   && !POINTER_TYPE_P (type)
+	   && int_fits_type_p (arg1, type))
+    return type;
+
+  return result_type;
+}
+
+/* Warns if the conversion of EXPR to TYPE may alter a value.
+   This is a helper function for warnings_for_convert_and_check.  */
+
+static void
+conversion_warning (tree type, tree expr)
+{
+  bool give_warning = false;
+
+  int i;
+  const int expr_num_operands = TREE_OPERAND_LENGTH (expr);
+  tree expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
+  location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (expr);
+
+  if (!warn_conversion && !warn_sign_conversion)
+    return;
+
+  /* If any operand is artificial, then this expression was generated
+     by the compiler and we do not warn.  */
+  for (i = 0; i < expr_num_operands; i++)
+    {
+      tree op = TREE_OPERAND (expr, i);
+      if (op && DECL_P (op) && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (op))
+	return;
+    }
+
+  switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
+    {
+    case EQ_EXPR:
+    case NE_EXPR:
+    case LE_EXPR:
+    case GE_EXPR:
+    case LT_EXPR:
+    case GT_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_XOR_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
+      /* Conversion from boolean to a signed:1 bit-field (which only
+	 can hold the values 0 and -1) doesn't lose information - but
+	 it does change the value.  */
+      if (TYPE_PRECISION (type) == 1 && !TYPE_UNSIGNED (type))
+	warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion,
+		    "conversion to %qT from boolean expression", type);
+      return;
+
+    case REAL_CST:
+    case INTEGER_CST:
+
+      /* Warn for real constant that is not an exact integer converted
+         to integer type.  */
+      if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == REAL_TYPE
+          && TREE_CODE (type) == INTEGER_TYPE)
+        {
+          if (!real_isinteger (TREE_REAL_CST_PTR (expr), TYPE_MODE (expr_type)))
+            give_warning = true;
+        }
+      /* Warn for an integer constant that does not fit into integer type.  */
+      else if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == INTEGER_TYPE
+               && TREE_CODE (type) == INTEGER_TYPE
+               && !int_fits_type_p (expr, type))
+        {
+          if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (type) && !TYPE_UNSIGNED (expr_type)
+	      && tree_int_cst_sgn (expr) < 0)
+	    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wsign_conversion, "negative integer"
+			" implicitly converted to unsigned type");
+          else if (!TYPE_UNSIGNED (type) && TYPE_UNSIGNED (expr_type))
+	    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wsign_conversion, "conversion of unsigned"
+			" constant value to negative integer");
+	  else
+	    give_warning = true;
+        }
+      else if (TREE_CODE (type) == REAL_TYPE)
+        {
+          /* Warn for an integer constant that does not fit into real type.  */
+          if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == INTEGER_TYPE)
+            {
+              REAL_VALUE_TYPE a = real_value_from_int_cst (0, expr);
+              if (!exact_real_truncate (TYPE_MODE (type), &a))
+                give_warning = true;
+            }
+          /* Warn for a real constant that does not fit into a smaller
+             real type.  */
+          else if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == REAL_TYPE
+                   && TYPE_PRECISION (type) < TYPE_PRECISION (expr_type))
+            {
+              REAL_VALUE_TYPE a = TREE_REAL_CST (expr);
+              if (!exact_real_truncate (TYPE_MODE (type), &a))
+                give_warning = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+      if (give_warning)
+        warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion,
+		    "conversion to %qT alters %qT constant value",
+		    type, expr_type);
+
+      return;
+
+    case COND_EXPR:
+      {
+	/* In case of COND_EXPR, if both operands are constants or
+	   COND_EXPR, then we do not care about the type of COND_EXPR,
+	   only about the conversion of each operand.  */
+	tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+	tree op2 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2);
+
+	if ((TREE_CODE (op1) == REAL_CST || TREE_CODE (op1) == INTEGER_CST
+	     || TREE_CODE (op1) == COND_EXPR)
+	    && (TREE_CODE (op2) == REAL_CST || TREE_CODE (op2) == INTEGER_CST
+		|| TREE_CODE (op2) == COND_EXPR))
+	  {
+	    conversion_warning (type, op1);
+	    conversion_warning (type, op2);
+	    return;
+	  }
+	/* Fall through.  */
+      }
+
+    default: /* 'expr' is not a constant.  */
+
+      /* Warn for real types converted to integer types.  */
+      if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == REAL_TYPE
+          && TREE_CODE (type) == INTEGER_TYPE)
+        give_warning = true;
+
+      else if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == INTEGER_TYPE
+               && TREE_CODE (type) == INTEGER_TYPE)
+        {
+	  /* Don't warn about unsigned char y = 0xff, x = (int) y;  */
+	  expr = get_unwidened (expr, 0);
+	  expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
+
+	  /* Don't warn for short y; short x = ((int)y & 0xff);  */
+	  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == BIT_AND_EXPR
+		|| TREE_CODE (expr) == BIT_IOR_EXPR
+	      || TREE_CODE (expr) == BIT_XOR_EXPR)
+	    {
+	      /* If both args were extended from a shortest type,
+		 use that type if that is safe.  */
+	      expr_type = shorten_binary_op (expr_type,
+					     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0),
+					     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1),
+					     /* bitwise */1);
+
+	      if (TREE_CODE (expr) == BIT_AND_EXPR)
+		{
+		  tree op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+		  tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+		  bool unsigned0 = TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (op0));
+		  bool unsigned1 = TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (op1));
+
+		  /* If one of the operands is a non-negative constant
+		     that fits in the target type, then the type of the
+		     other operand does not matter. */
+		  if ((TREE_CODE (op0) == INTEGER_CST
+		       && int_fits_type_p (op0, c_common_signed_type (type))
+		       && int_fits_type_p (op0, c_common_unsigned_type (type)))
+		      || (TREE_CODE (op1) == INTEGER_CST
+			  && int_fits_type_p (op1, c_common_signed_type (type))
+			  && int_fits_type_p (op1,
+					      c_common_unsigned_type (type))))
+		    return;
+		  /* If constant is unsigned and fits in the target
+		     type, then the result will also fit.  */
+		  else if ((TREE_CODE (op0) == INTEGER_CST
+			    && unsigned0
+			    && int_fits_type_p (op0, type))
+			   || (TREE_CODE (op1) == INTEGER_CST
+			       && unsigned1
+			       && int_fits_type_p (op1, type)))
+		    return;
+		}
+	    }
+          /* Warn for integer types converted to smaller integer types.  */
+	  if (TYPE_PRECISION (type) < TYPE_PRECISION (expr_type))
+	    give_warning = true;
+
+	  /* When they are the same width but different signedness,
+	     then the value may change.  */
+	  else if ((TYPE_PRECISION (type) == TYPE_PRECISION (expr_type)
+		    && TYPE_UNSIGNED (expr_type) != TYPE_UNSIGNED (type))
+		   /* Even when converted to a bigger type, if the type is
+		      unsigned but expr is signed, then negative values
+		      will be changed.  */
+		   || (TYPE_UNSIGNED (type) && !TYPE_UNSIGNED (expr_type)))
+	    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wsign_conversion, "conversion to %qT from %qT "
+			"may change the sign of the result",
+			type, expr_type);
+        }
+
+      /* Warn for integer types converted to real types if and only if
+         all the range of values of the integer type cannot be
+         represented by the real type.  */
+      else if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == INTEGER_TYPE
+               && TREE_CODE (type) == REAL_TYPE)
+        {
+	  tree type_low_bound, type_high_bound;
+          REAL_VALUE_TYPE real_low_bound, real_high_bound;
+
+	  /* Don't warn about char y = 0xff; float x = (int) y;  */
+	  expr = get_unwidened (expr, 0);
+	  expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
+
+          type_low_bound = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (expr_type);
+          type_high_bound = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (expr_type);
+          real_low_bound = real_value_from_int_cst (0, type_low_bound);
+          real_high_bound = real_value_from_int_cst (0, type_high_bound);
+
+          if (!exact_real_truncate (TYPE_MODE (type), &real_low_bound)
+              || !exact_real_truncate (TYPE_MODE (type), &real_high_bound))
+            give_warning = true;
+        }
+
+      /* Warn for real types converted to smaller real types.  */
+      else if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == REAL_TYPE
+               && TREE_CODE (type) == REAL_TYPE
+               && TYPE_PRECISION (type) < TYPE_PRECISION (expr_type))
+        give_warning = true;
+
+
+      if (give_warning)
+        warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion,
+		    "conversion to %qT from %qT may alter its value",
+		    type, expr_type);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Produce warnings after a conversion. RESULT is the result of
+   converting EXPR to TYPE.  This is a helper function for
+   convert_and_check and cp_convert_and_check.  */
+
+void
+warnings_for_convert_and_check (tree type, tree expr, tree result)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == INTEGER_CST
+      && (TREE_CODE (type) == INTEGER_TYPE
+          || TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
+      && !int_fits_type_p (expr, type))
+    {
+      /* Do not diagnose overflow in a constant expression merely
+         because a conversion overflowed.  */
+      if (TREE_OVERFLOW (result))
+        TREE_OVERFLOW (result) = TREE_OVERFLOW (expr);
+
+      if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (type))
+        {
+          /* This detects cases like converting -129 or 256 to
+             unsigned char.  */
+          if (!int_fits_type_p (expr, c_common_signed_type (type)))
+            warning (OPT_Woverflow,
+                     "large integer implicitly truncated to unsigned type");
+          else
+            conversion_warning (type, expr);
+        }
+      else if (!int_fits_type_p (expr, c_common_unsigned_type (type)))
+	warning (OPT_Woverflow,
+		 "overflow in implicit constant conversion");
+      /* No warning for converting 0x80000000 to int.  */
+      else if (pedantic
+	       && (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)) != INTEGER_TYPE
+		   || TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (expr))
+		   != TYPE_PRECISION (type)))
+	warning (OPT_Woverflow,
+		 "overflow in implicit constant conversion");
+
+      else
+	conversion_warning (type, expr);
+    }
+  else if ((TREE_CODE (result) == INTEGER_CST
+	    || TREE_CODE (result) == FIXED_CST) && TREE_OVERFLOW (result))
+    warning (OPT_Woverflow,
+             "overflow in implicit constant conversion");
+  else
+    conversion_warning (type, expr);
+}
+
+
+/* Convert EXPR to TYPE, warning about conversion problems with constants.
+   Invoke this function on every expression that is converted implicitly,
+   i.e. because of language rules and not because of an explicit cast.  */
+
+tree
+convert_and_check (tree type, tree expr)
+{
+  tree result;
+  tree expr_for_warning;
+
+  /* Convert from a value with possible excess precision rather than
+     via the semantic type, but do not warn about values not fitting
+     exactly in the semantic type.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == EXCESS_PRECISION_EXPR)
+    {
+      tree orig_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
+      expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      expr_for_warning = convert (orig_type, expr);
+      if (orig_type == type)
+	return expr_for_warning;
+    }
+  else
+    expr_for_warning = expr;
+
+  if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == type)
+    return expr;
+
+  result = convert (type, expr);
+
+  if (c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings == 0
+      && !TREE_OVERFLOW_P (expr)
+      && result != error_mark_node)
+    warnings_for_convert_and_check (type, expr_for_warning, result);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+/* A node in a list that describes references to variables (EXPR), which are
+   either read accesses if WRITER is zero, or write accesses, in which case
+   WRITER is the parent of EXPR.  */
+struct tlist
+{
+  struct tlist *next;
+  tree expr, writer;
+};
+
+/* Used to implement a cache the results of a call to verify_tree.  We only
+   use this for SAVE_EXPRs.  */
+struct tlist_cache
+{
+  struct tlist_cache *next;
+  struct tlist *cache_before_sp;
+  struct tlist *cache_after_sp;
+  tree expr;
+};
+
+/* Obstack to use when allocating tlist structures, and corresponding
+   firstobj.  */
+static struct obstack tlist_obstack;
+static char *tlist_firstobj = 0;
+
+/* Keep track of the identifiers we've warned about, so we can avoid duplicate
+   warnings.  */
+static struct tlist *warned_ids;
+/* SAVE_EXPRs need special treatment.  We process them only once and then
+   cache the results.  */
+static struct tlist_cache *save_expr_cache;
+
+static void add_tlist (struct tlist **, struct tlist *, tree, int);
+static void merge_tlist (struct tlist **, struct tlist *, int);
+static void verify_tree (tree, struct tlist **, struct tlist **, tree);
+static int warning_candidate_p (tree);
+static bool candidate_equal_p (const_tree, const_tree);
+static void warn_for_collisions (struct tlist *);
+static void warn_for_collisions_1 (tree, tree, struct tlist *, int);
+static struct tlist *new_tlist (struct tlist *, tree, tree);
+
+/* Create a new struct tlist and fill in its fields.  */
+static struct tlist *
+new_tlist (struct tlist *next, tree t, tree writer)
+{
+  struct tlist *l;
+  l = XOBNEW (&tlist_obstack, struct tlist);
+  l->next = next;
+  l->expr = t;
+  l->writer = writer;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Add duplicates of the nodes found in ADD to the list *TO.  If EXCLUDE_WRITER
+   is nonnull, we ignore any node we find which has a writer equal to it.  */
+
+static void
+add_tlist (struct tlist **to, struct tlist *add, tree exclude_writer, int copy)
+{
+  while (add)
+    {
+      struct tlist *next = add->next;
+      if (!copy)
+	add->next = *to;
+      if (!exclude_writer || !candidate_equal_p (add->writer, exclude_writer))
+	*to = copy ? new_tlist (*to, add->expr, add->writer) : add;
+      add = next;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Merge the nodes of ADD into TO.  This merging process is done so that for
+   each variable that already exists in TO, no new node is added; however if
+   there is a write access recorded in ADD, and an occurrence on TO is only
+   a read access, then the occurrence in TO will be modified to record the
+   write.  */
+
+static void
+merge_tlist (struct tlist **to, struct tlist *add, int copy)
+{
+  struct tlist **end = to;
+
+  while (*end)
+    end = &(*end)->next;
+
+  while (add)
+    {
+      int found = 0;
+      struct tlist *tmp2;
+      struct tlist *next = add->next;
+
+      for (tmp2 = *to; tmp2; tmp2 = tmp2->next)
+	if (candidate_equal_p (tmp2->expr, add->expr))
+	  {
+	    found = 1;
+	    if (!tmp2->writer)
+	      tmp2->writer = add->writer;
+	  }
+      if (!found)
+	{
+	  *end = copy ? add : new_tlist (NULL, add->expr, add->writer);
+	  end = &(*end)->next;
+	  *end = 0;
+	}
+      add = next;
+    }
+}
+
+/* WRITTEN is a variable, WRITER is its parent.  Warn if any of the variable
+   references in list LIST conflict with it, excluding reads if ONLY writers
+   is nonzero.  */
+
+static void
+warn_for_collisions_1 (tree written, tree writer, struct tlist *list,
+		       int only_writes)
+{
+  struct tlist *tmp;
+
+  /* Avoid duplicate warnings.  */
+  for (tmp = warned_ids; tmp; tmp = tmp->next)
+    if (candidate_equal_p (tmp->expr, written))
+      return;
+
+  while (list)
+    {
+      if (candidate_equal_p (list->expr, written)
+	  && !candidate_equal_p (list->writer, writer)
+	  && (!only_writes || list->writer))
+	{
+	  warned_ids = new_tlist (warned_ids, written, NULL_TREE);
+	  warning_at (EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (writer),
+		      OPT_Wsequence_point, "operation on %qE may be undefined",
+		      list->expr);
+	}
+      list = list->next;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Given a list LIST of references to variables, find whether any of these
+   can cause conflicts due to missing sequence points.  */
+
+static void
+warn_for_collisions (struct tlist *list)
+{
+  struct tlist *tmp;
+
+  for (tmp = list; tmp; tmp = tmp->next)
+    {
+      if (tmp->writer)
+	warn_for_collisions_1 (tmp->expr, tmp->writer, list, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return nonzero if X is a tree that can be verified by the sequence point
+   warnings.  */
+static int
+warning_candidate_p (tree x)
+{
+  if (DECL_P (x) && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (x))
+    return 0;
+
+  /* VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (x)) is workaround for cp/tree.c
+     (lvalue_p) crash on TRY/CATCH. */
+  if (TREE_TYPE (x) == NULL_TREE || VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (x)))
+    return 0;
+
+  if (!lvalue_p (x))
+    return 0;
+
+  /* No point to track non-const calls, they will never satisfy
+     operand_equal_p.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (x) == CALL_EXPR && (call_expr_flags (x) & ECF_CONST) == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (x) == STRING_CST)
+    return 0;
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* Return nonzero if X and Y appear to be the same candidate (or NULL) */
+static bool
+candidate_equal_p (const_tree x, const_tree y)
+{
+  return (x == y) || (x && y && operand_equal_p (x, y, 0));
+}
+
+/* Walk the tree X, and record accesses to variables.  If X is written by the
+   parent tree, WRITER is the parent.
+   We store accesses in one of the two lists: PBEFORE_SP, and PNO_SP.  If this
+   expression or its only operand forces a sequence point, then everything up
+   to the sequence point is stored in PBEFORE_SP.  Everything else gets stored
+   in PNO_SP.
+   Once we return, we will have emitted warnings if any subexpression before
+   such a sequence point could be undefined.  On a higher level, however, the
+   sequence point may not be relevant, and we'll merge the two lists.
+
+   Example: (b++, a) + b;
+   The call that processes the COMPOUND_EXPR will store the increment of B
+   in PBEFORE_SP, and the use of A in PNO_SP.  The higher-level call that
+   processes the PLUS_EXPR will need to merge the two lists so that
+   eventually, all accesses end up on the same list (and we'll warn about the
+   unordered subexpressions b++ and b.
+
+   A note on merging.  If we modify the former example so that our expression
+   becomes
+     (b++, b) + a
+   care must be taken not simply to add all three expressions into the final
+   PNO_SP list.  The function merge_tlist takes care of that by merging the
+   before-SP list of the COMPOUND_EXPR into its after-SP list in a special
+   way, so that no more than one access to B is recorded.  */
+
+static void
+verify_tree (tree x, struct tlist **pbefore_sp, struct tlist **pno_sp,
+	     tree writer)
+{
+  struct tlist *tmp_before, *tmp_nosp, *tmp_list2, *tmp_list3;
+  enum tree_code code;
+  enum tree_code_class cl;
+
+  /* X may be NULL if it is the operand of an empty statement expression
+     ({ }).  */
+  if (x == NULL)
+    return;
+
+ restart:
+  code = TREE_CODE (x);
+  cl = TREE_CODE_CLASS (code);
+
+  if (warning_candidate_p (x))
+    *pno_sp = new_tlist (*pno_sp, x, writer);
+
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case CONSTRUCTOR:
+      return;
+
+    case COMPOUND_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
+      tmp_before = tmp_nosp = tmp_list3 = 0;
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), &tmp_before, &tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE);
+      warn_for_collisions (tmp_nosp);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_before, 0);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_nosp, 0);
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 1), &tmp_list3, pno_sp, NULL_TREE);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_list3, 0);
+      return;
+
+    case COND_EXPR:
+      tmp_before = tmp_list2 = 0;
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), &tmp_before, &tmp_list2, NULL_TREE);
+      warn_for_collisions (tmp_list2);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_before, 0);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_list2, 1);
+
+      tmp_list3 = tmp_nosp = 0;
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 1), &tmp_list3, &tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE);
+      warn_for_collisions (tmp_nosp);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_list3, 0);
+
+      tmp_list3 = tmp_list2 = 0;
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 2), &tmp_list3, &tmp_list2, NULL_TREE);
+      warn_for_collisions (tmp_list2);
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_list3, 0);
+      /* Rather than add both tmp_nosp and tmp_list2, we have to merge the
+	 two first, to avoid warning for (a ? b++ : b++).  */
+      merge_tlist (&tmp_nosp, tmp_list2, 0);
+      add_tlist (pno_sp, tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE, 0);
+      return;
+
+    case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
+    case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
+    case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
+    case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), pno_sp, pno_sp, x);
+      return;
+
+    case MODIFY_EXPR:
+      tmp_before = tmp_nosp = tmp_list3 = 0;
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 1), &tmp_before, &tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE);
+      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), &tmp_list3, &tmp_list3, x);
+      /* Expressions inside the LHS are not ordered wrt. the sequence points
+	 in the RHS.  Example:
+	   *a = (a++, 2)
+	 Despite the fact that the modification of "a" is in the before_sp
+	 list (tmp_before), it conflicts with the use of "a" in the LHS.
+	 We can handle this by adding the contents of tmp_list3
+	 to those of tmp_before, and redoing the collision warnings for that
+	 list.  */
+      add_tlist (&tmp_before, tmp_list3, x, 1);
+      warn_for_collisions (tmp_before);
+      /* Exclude the LHS itself here; we first have to merge it into the
+	 tmp_nosp list.  This is done to avoid warning for "a = a"; if we
+	 didn't exclude the LHS, we'd get it twice, once as a read and once
+	 as a write.  */
+      add_tlist (pno_sp, tmp_list3, x, 0);
+      warn_for_collisions_1 (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), x, tmp_nosp, 1);
+
+      merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_before, 0);
+      if (warning_candidate_p (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0)))
+	merge_tlist (&tmp_nosp, new_tlist (NULL, TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), x), 0);
+      add_tlist (pno_sp, tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE, 1);
+      return;
+
+    case CALL_EXPR:
+      /* We need to warn about conflicts among arguments and conflicts between
+	 args and the function address.  Side effects of the function address,
+	 however, are not ordered by the sequence point of the call.  */
+      {
+	call_expr_arg_iterator iter;
+	tree arg;
+	tmp_before = tmp_nosp = 0;
+	verify_tree (CALL_EXPR_FN (x), &tmp_before, &tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE);
+	FOR_EACH_CALL_EXPR_ARG (arg, iter, x)
+	  {
+	    tmp_list2 = tmp_list3 = 0;
+	    verify_tree (arg, &tmp_list2, &tmp_list3, NULL_TREE);
+	    merge_tlist (&tmp_list3, tmp_list2, 0);
+	    add_tlist (&tmp_before, tmp_list3, NULL_TREE, 0);
+	  }
+	add_tlist (&tmp_before, tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE, 0);
+	warn_for_collisions (tmp_before);
+	add_tlist (pbefore_sp, tmp_before, NULL_TREE, 0);
+	return;
+      }
+
+    case TREE_LIST:
+      /* Scan all the list, e.g. indices of multi dimensional array.  */
+      while (x)
+	{
+	  tmp_before = tmp_nosp = 0;
+	  verify_tree (TREE_VALUE (x), &tmp_before, &tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE);
+	  merge_tlist (&tmp_nosp, tmp_before, 0);
+	  add_tlist (pno_sp, tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE, 0);
+	  x = TREE_CHAIN (x);
+	}
+      return;
+
+    case SAVE_EXPR:
+      {
+	struct tlist_cache *t;
+	for (t = save_expr_cache; t; t = t->next)
+	  if (candidate_equal_p (t->expr, x))
+	    break;
+
+	if (!t)
+	  {
+	    t = XOBNEW (&tlist_obstack, struct tlist_cache);
+	    t->next = save_expr_cache;
+	    t->expr = x;
+	    save_expr_cache = t;
+
+	    tmp_before = tmp_nosp = 0;
+	    verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), &tmp_before, &tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE);
+	    warn_for_collisions (tmp_nosp);
+
+	    tmp_list3 = 0;
+	    while (tmp_nosp)
+	      {
+		struct tlist *t = tmp_nosp;
+		tmp_nosp = t->next;
+		merge_tlist (&tmp_list3, t, 0);
+	      }
+	    t->cache_before_sp = tmp_before;
+	    t->cache_after_sp = tmp_list3;
+	  }
+	merge_tlist (pbefore_sp, t->cache_before_sp, 1);
+	add_tlist (pno_sp, t->cache_after_sp, NULL_TREE, 1);
+	return;
+      }
+
+    case ADDR_EXPR:
+      x = TREE_OPERAND (x, 0);
+      if (DECL_P (x))
+	return;
+      writer = 0;
+      goto restart;
+
+    default:
+      /* For other expressions, simply recurse on their operands.
+	 Manual tail recursion for unary expressions.
+	 Other non-expressions need not be processed.  */
+      if (cl == tcc_unary)
+	{
+	  x = TREE_OPERAND (x, 0);
+	  writer = 0;
+	  goto restart;
+	}
+      else if (IS_EXPR_CODE_CLASS (cl))
+	{
+	  int lp;
+	  int max = TREE_OPERAND_LENGTH (x);
+	  for (lp = 0; lp < max; lp++)
+	    {
+	      tmp_before = tmp_nosp = 0;
+	      verify_tree (TREE_OPERAND (x, lp), &tmp_before, &tmp_nosp, 0);
+	      merge_tlist (&tmp_nosp, tmp_before, 0);
+	      add_tlist (pno_sp, tmp_nosp, NULL_TREE, 0);
+	    }
+	}
+      return;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Try to warn for undefined behavior in EXPR due to missing sequence
+   points.  */
+
+DEBUG_FUNCTION void
+verify_sequence_points (tree expr)
+{
+  struct tlist *before_sp = 0, *after_sp = 0;
+
+  warned_ids = 0;
+  save_expr_cache = 0;
+  if (tlist_firstobj == 0)
+    {
+      gcc_obstack_init (&tlist_obstack);
+      tlist_firstobj = (char *) obstack_alloc (&tlist_obstack, 0);
+    }
+
+  verify_tree (expr, &before_sp, &after_sp, 0);
+  warn_for_collisions (after_sp);
+  obstack_free (&tlist_obstack, tlist_firstobj);
+}
+
+/* Validate the expression after `case' and apply default promotions.  */
+
+static tree
+check_case_value (tree value)
+{
+  if (value == NULL_TREE)
+    return value;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (value) == INTEGER_CST)
+    /* Promote char or short to int.  */
+    value = perform_integral_promotions (value);
+  else if (value != error_mark_node)
+    {
+      error ("case label does not reduce to an integer constant");
+      value = error_mark_node;
+    }
+
+  constant_expression_warning (value);
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+/* See if the case values LOW and HIGH are in the range of the original
+   type (i.e. before the default conversion to int) of the switch testing
+   expression.
+   TYPE is the promoted type of the testing expression, and ORIG_TYPE is
+   the type before promoting it.  CASE_LOW_P is a pointer to the lower
+   bound of the case label, and CASE_HIGH_P is the upper bound or NULL
+   if the case is not a case range.
+   The caller has to make sure that we are not called with NULL for
+   CASE_LOW_P (i.e. the default case).
+   Returns true if the case label is in range of ORIG_TYPE (saturated or
+   untouched) or false if the label is out of range.  */
+
+static bool
+check_case_bounds (tree type, tree orig_type,
+		   tree *case_low_p, tree *case_high_p)
+{
+  tree min_value, max_value;
+  tree case_low = *case_low_p;
+  tree case_high = case_high_p ? *case_high_p : case_low;
+
+  /* If there was a problem with the original type, do nothing.  */
+  if (orig_type == error_mark_node)
+    return true;
+
+  min_value = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (orig_type);
+  max_value = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (orig_type);
+
+  /* Case label is less than minimum for type.  */
+  if (tree_int_cst_compare (case_low, min_value) < 0
+      && tree_int_cst_compare (case_high, min_value) < 0)
+    {
+      warning (0, "case label value is less than minimum value for type");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+  /* Case value is greater than maximum for type.  */
+  if (tree_int_cst_compare (case_low, max_value) > 0
+      && tree_int_cst_compare (case_high, max_value) > 0)
+    {
+      warning (0, "case label value exceeds maximum value for type");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+  /* Saturate lower case label value to minimum.  */
+  if (tree_int_cst_compare (case_high, min_value) >= 0
+      && tree_int_cst_compare (case_low, min_value) < 0)
+    {
+      warning (0, "lower value in case label range"
+	       " less than minimum value for type");
+      case_low = min_value;
+    }
+
+  /* Saturate upper case label value to maximum.  */
+  if (tree_int_cst_compare (case_low, max_value) <= 0
+      && tree_int_cst_compare (case_high, max_value) > 0)
+    {
+      warning (0, "upper value in case label range"
+	       " exceeds maximum value for type");
+      case_high = max_value;
+    }
+
+  if (*case_low_p != case_low)
+    *case_low_p = convert (type, case_low);
+  if (case_high_p && *case_high_p != case_high)
+    *case_high_p = convert (type, case_high);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/* Return an integer type with BITS bits of precision,
+   that is unsigned if UNSIGNEDP is nonzero, otherwise signed.  */
+
+tree
+c_common_type_for_size (unsigned int bits, int unsignedp)
+{
+  if (bits == TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_type_node : integer_type_node;
+
+  if (bits == TYPE_PRECISION (signed_char_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_char_type_node : signed_char_type_node;
+
+  if (bits == TYPE_PRECISION (short_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? short_unsigned_type_node : short_integer_type_node;
+
+  if (bits == TYPE_PRECISION (long_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? long_unsigned_type_node : long_integer_type_node;
+
+  if (bits == TYPE_PRECISION (long_long_integer_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? long_long_unsigned_type_node
+	    : long_long_integer_type_node);
+
+  if (int128_integer_type_node
+      && bits == TYPE_PRECISION (int128_integer_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? int128_unsigned_type_node
+	    : int128_integer_type_node);
+
+  if (bits == TYPE_PRECISION (widest_integer_literal_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? widest_unsigned_literal_type_node
+	    : widest_integer_literal_type_node);
+
+  if (bits <= TYPE_PRECISION (intQI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intQI_type_node : intQI_type_node;
+
+  if (bits <= TYPE_PRECISION (intHI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intHI_type_node : intHI_type_node;
+
+  if (bits <= TYPE_PRECISION (intSI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intSI_type_node : intSI_type_node;
+
+  if (bits <= TYPE_PRECISION (intDI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intDI_type_node : intDI_type_node;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return a fixed-point type that has at least IBIT ibits and FBIT fbits
+   that is unsigned if UNSIGNEDP is nonzero, otherwise signed;
+   and saturating if SATP is nonzero, otherwise not saturating.  */
+
+tree
+c_common_fixed_point_type_for_size (unsigned int ibit, unsigned int fbit,
+				    int unsignedp, int satp)
+{
+  enum machine_mode mode;
+  if (ibit == 0)
+    mode = unsignedp ? UQQmode : QQmode;
+  else
+    mode = unsignedp ? UHAmode : HAmode;
+
+  for (; mode != VOIDmode; mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode))
+    if (GET_MODE_IBIT (mode) >= ibit && GET_MODE_FBIT (mode) >= fbit)
+      break;
+
+  if (mode == VOIDmode || !targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (mode))
+    {
+      sorry ("GCC cannot support operators with integer types and "
+	     "fixed-point types that have too many integral and "
+	     "fractional bits together");
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  return c_common_type_for_mode (mode, satp);
+}
+
+/* Used for communication between c_common_type_for_mode and
+   c_register_builtin_type.  */
+static GTY(()) tree registered_builtin_types;
+
+/* Return a data type that has machine mode MODE.
+   If the mode is an integer,
+   then UNSIGNEDP selects between signed and unsigned types.
+   If the mode is a fixed-point mode,
+   then UNSIGNEDP selects between saturating and nonsaturating types.  */
+
+tree
+c_common_type_for_mode (enum machine_mode mode, int unsignedp)
+{
+  tree t;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_type_node : integer_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (signed_char_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_char_type_node : signed_char_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (short_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? short_unsigned_type_node : short_integer_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? long_unsigned_type_node : long_integer_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_long_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? long_long_unsigned_type_node : long_long_integer_type_node;
+
+  if (int128_integer_type_node
+      && mode == TYPE_MODE (int128_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? int128_unsigned_type_node : int128_integer_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (widest_integer_literal_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? widest_unsigned_literal_type_node
+		     : widest_integer_literal_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == QImode)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intQI_type_node : intQI_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == HImode)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intHI_type_node : intHI_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == SImode)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intSI_type_node : intSI_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == DImode)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intDI_type_node : intDI_type_node;
+
+#if HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT >= 64
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (intTI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intTI_type_node : intTI_type_node;
+#endif
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (float_type_node))
+    return float_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (double_type_node))
+    return double_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_double_type_node))
+    return long_double_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (void_type_node))
+    return void_type_node;
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (build_pointer_type (char_type_node)))
+    return (unsignedp
+	    ? make_unsigned_type (GET_MODE_PRECISION (mode))
+	    : make_signed_type (GET_MODE_PRECISION (mode)));
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (build_pointer_type (integer_type_node)))
+    return (unsignedp
+	    ? make_unsigned_type (GET_MODE_PRECISION (mode))
+	    : make_signed_type (GET_MODE_PRECISION (mode)));
+
+  if (COMPLEX_MODE_P (mode))
+    {
+      enum machine_mode inner_mode;
+      tree inner_type;
+
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (complex_float_type_node))
+	return complex_float_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (complex_double_type_node))
+	return complex_double_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (complex_long_double_type_node))
+	return complex_long_double_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (complex_integer_type_node) && !unsignedp)
+	return complex_integer_type_node;
+
+      inner_mode = GET_MODE_INNER (mode);
+      inner_type = c_common_type_for_mode (inner_mode, unsignedp);
+      if (inner_type != NULL_TREE)
+	return build_complex_type (inner_type);
+    }
+  else if (VECTOR_MODE_P (mode))
+    {
+      enum machine_mode inner_mode = GET_MODE_INNER (mode);
+      tree inner_type = c_common_type_for_mode (inner_mode, unsignedp);
+      if (inner_type != NULL_TREE)
+	return build_vector_type_for_mode (inner_type, mode);
+    }
+
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (dfloat32_type_node))
+    return dfloat32_type_node;
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (dfloat64_type_node))
+    return dfloat64_type_node;
+  if (mode == TYPE_MODE (dfloat128_type_node))
+    return dfloat128_type_node;
+
+  if (ALL_SCALAR_FIXED_POINT_MODE_P (mode))
+    {
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (short_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_short_fract_type_node : short_fract_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_fract_type_node : fract_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_long_fract_type_node : long_fract_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_long_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_long_long_fract_type_node
+			 : long_long_fract_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_short_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_short_fract_type_node
+			 : unsigned_short_fract_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_fract_type_node
+			 : unsigned_fract_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_long_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_long_fract_type_node
+			 : unsigned_long_fract_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_long_long_fract_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_long_long_fract_type_node
+			 : unsigned_long_long_fract_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (short_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_short_accum_type_node : short_accum_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_accum_type_node : accum_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_long_accum_type_node : long_accum_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (long_long_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_long_long_accum_type_node
+			 : long_long_accum_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_short_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_short_accum_type_node
+			 : unsigned_short_accum_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_accum_type_node
+			 : unsigned_accum_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_long_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_long_accum_type_node
+			 : unsigned_long_accum_type_node;
+      if (mode == TYPE_MODE (unsigned_long_long_accum_type_node))
+	return unsignedp ? sat_unsigned_long_long_accum_type_node
+			 : unsigned_long_long_accum_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == QQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_qq_type_node : qq_type_node;
+      if (mode == HQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_hq_type_node : hq_type_node;
+      if (mode == SQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_sq_type_node : sq_type_node;
+      if (mode == DQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_dq_type_node : dq_type_node;
+      if (mode == TQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_tq_type_node : tq_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == UQQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_uqq_type_node : uqq_type_node;
+      if (mode == UHQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_uhq_type_node : uhq_type_node;
+      if (mode == USQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_usq_type_node : usq_type_node;
+      if (mode == UDQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_udq_type_node : udq_type_node;
+      if (mode == UTQmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_utq_type_node : utq_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == HAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_ha_type_node : ha_type_node;
+      if (mode == SAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_sa_type_node : sa_type_node;
+      if (mode == DAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_da_type_node : da_type_node;
+      if (mode == TAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_ta_type_node : ta_type_node;
+
+      if (mode == UHAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_uha_type_node : uha_type_node;
+      if (mode == USAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_usa_type_node : usa_type_node;
+      if (mode == UDAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_uda_type_node : uda_type_node;
+      if (mode == UTAmode)
+	return unsignedp ? sat_uta_type_node : uta_type_node;
+    }
+
+  for (t = registered_builtin_types; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
+    if (TYPE_MODE (TREE_VALUE (t)) == mode)
+      return TREE_VALUE (t);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+tree
+c_common_unsigned_type (tree type)
+{
+  return c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (1, type);
+}
+
+/* Return a signed type the same as TYPE in other respects.  */
+
+tree
+c_common_signed_type (tree type)
+{
+  return c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (0, type);
+}
+
+/* Return a type the same as TYPE except unsigned or
+   signed according to UNSIGNEDP.  */
+
+tree
+c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (int unsignedp, tree type)
+{
+  tree type1;
+
+  /* This block of code emulates the behavior of the old
+     c_common_unsigned_type. In particular, it returns
+     long_unsigned_type_node if passed a long, even when a int would
+     have the same size. This is necessary for warnings to work
+     correctly in archs where sizeof(int) == sizeof(long) */
+
+  type1 = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);
+  if (type1 == signed_char_type_node || type1 == char_type_node || type1 == unsigned_char_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_char_type_node : signed_char_type_node;
+  if (type1 == integer_type_node || type1 == unsigned_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_type_node : integer_type_node;
+  if (type1 == short_integer_type_node || type1 == short_unsigned_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? short_unsigned_type_node : short_integer_type_node;
+  if (type1 == long_integer_type_node || type1 == long_unsigned_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? long_unsigned_type_node : long_integer_type_node;
+  if (type1 == long_long_integer_type_node || type1 == long_long_unsigned_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? long_long_unsigned_type_node : long_long_integer_type_node;
+  if (int128_integer_type_node
+      && (type1 == int128_integer_type_node
+	  || type1 == int128_unsigned_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? int128_unsigned_type_node : int128_integer_type_node;
+  if (type1 == widest_integer_literal_type_node || type1 == widest_unsigned_literal_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? widest_unsigned_literal_type_node : widest_integer_literal_type_node;
+#if HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT >= 64
+  if (type1 == intTI_type_node || type1 == unsigned_intTI_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intTI_type_node : intTI_type_node;
+#endif
+  if (type1 == intDI_type_node || type1 == unsigned_intDI_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intDI_type_node : intDI_type_node;
+  if (type1 == intSI_type_node || type1 == unsigned_intSI_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intSI_type_node : intSI_type_node;
+  if (type1 == intHI_type_node || type1 == unsigned_intHI_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intHI_type_node : intHI_type_node;
+  if (type1 == intQI_type_node || type1 == unsigned_intQI_type_node)
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intQI_type_node : intQI_type_node;
+
+#define C_COMMON_FIXED_TYPES(NAME)	    \
+  if (type1 == short_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == unsigned_short_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_short_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : short_ ## NAME ## _type_node; \
+  if (type1 == NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == unsigned_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : NAME ## _type_node; \
+  if (type1 == long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == unsigned_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : long_ ## NAME ## _type_node; \
+  if (type1 == long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == unsigned_long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node;
+
+#define C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES(NAME) \
+  if (type1 == NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == u ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? u ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : NAME ## _type_node;
+
+#define C_COMMON_FIXED_TYPES_SAT(NAME) \
+  if (type1 == sat_ ## short_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == sat_ ## unsigned_short_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? sat_ ## unsigned_short_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : sat_ ## short_ ## NAME ## _type_node; \
+  if (type1 == sat_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == sat_ ## unsigned_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? sat_ ## unsigned_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : sat_ ## NAME ## _type_node; \
+  if (type1 == sat_ ## long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == sat_ ## unsigned_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? sat_ ## unsigned_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : sat_ ## long_ ## NAME ## _type_node; \
+  if (type1 == sat_ ## long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == sat_ ## unsigned_long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? sat_ ## unsigned_long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : sat_ ## long_long_ ## NAME ## _type_node;
+
+#define C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT(NAME)	\
+  if (type1 == sat_ ## NAME ## _type_node \
+      || type1 == sat_ ## u ## NAME ## _type_node) \
+    return unsignedp ? sat_ ## u ## NAME ## _type_node \
+		     : sat_ ## NAME ## _type_node;
+
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_TYPES (fract);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_TYPES_SAT (fract);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_TYPES (accum);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_TYPES_SAT (accum);
+
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (qq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (hq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (sq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (dq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (tq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (qq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (hq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (sq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (dq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (tq);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (ha);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (sa);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (da);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES (ta);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (ha);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (sa);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (da);
+  C_COMMON_FIXED_MODE_TYPES_SAT (ta);
+
+  /* For ENUMERAL_TYPEs in C++, must check the mode of the types, not
+     the precision; they have precision set to match their range, but
+     may use a wider mode to match an ABI.  If we change modes, we may
+     wind up with bad conversions.  For INTEGER_TYPEs in C, must check
+     the precision as well, so as to yield correct results for
+     bit-field types.  C++ does not have these separate bit-field
+     types, and producing a signed or unsigned variant of an
+     ENUMERAL_TYPE may cause other problems as well.  */
+
+  if (!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
+      || TYPE_UNSIGNED (type) == unsignedp)
+    return type;
+
+#define TYPE_OK(node)							    \
+  (TYPE_MODE (type) == TYPE_MODE (node)					    \
+   && TYPE_PRECISION (type) == TYPE_PRECISION (node))
+  if (TYPE_OK (signed_char_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_char_type_node : signed_char_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_type_node : integer_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (short_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? short_unsigned_type_node : short_integer_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (long_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? long_unsigned_type_node : long_integer_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (long_long_integer_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? long_long_unsigned_type_node
+	    : long_long_integer_type_node);
+  if (int128_integer_type_node && TYPE_OK (int128_integer_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? int128_unsigned_type_node
+	    : int128_integer_type_node);
+  if (TYPE_OK (widest_integer_literal_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? widest_unsigned_literal_type_node
+	    : widest_integer_literal_type_node);
+
+#if HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT >= 64
+  if (TYPE_OK (intTI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intTI_type_node : intTI_type_node;
+#endif
+  if (TYPE_OK (intDI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intDI_type_node : intDI_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (intSI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intSI_type_node : intSI_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (intHI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intHI_type_node : intHI_type_node;
+  if (TYPE_OK (intQI_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_intQI_type_node : intQI_type_node;
+#undef TYPE_OK
+
+  return build_nonstandard_integer_type (TYPE_PRECISION (type), unsignedp);
+}
+
+/* Build a bit-field integer type for the given WIDTH and UNSIGNEDP.  */
+
+tree
+c_build_bitfield_integer_type (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT width, int unsignedp)
+{
+  /* Extended integer types of the same width as a standard type have
+     lesser rank, so those of the same width as int promote to int or
+     unsigned int and are valid for printf formats expecting int or
+     unsigned int.  To avoid such special cases, avoid creating
+     extended integer types for bit-fields if a standard integer type
+     is available.  */
+  if (width == TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_type_node : integer_type_node;
+  if (width == TYPE_PRECISION (signed_char_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? unsigned_char_type_node : signed_char_type_node;
+  if (width == TYPE_PRECISION (short_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? short_unsigned_type_node : short_integer_type_node;
+  if (width == TYPE_PRECISION (long_integer_type_node))
+    return unsignedp ? long_unsigned_type_node : long_integer_type_node;
+  if (width == TYPE_PRECISION (long_long_integer_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? long_long_unsigned_type_node
+	    : long_long_integer_type_node);
+  if (int128_integer_type_node
+      && width == TYPE_PRECISION (int128_integer_type_node))
+    return (unsignedp ? int128_unsigned_type_node
+	    : int128_integer_type_node);
+  return build_nonstandard_integer_type (width, unsignedp);
+}
+
+/* The C version of the register_builtin_type langhook.  */
+
+void
+c_register_builtin_type (tree type, const char* name)
+{
+  tree decl;
+
+  decl = build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+		     TYPE_DECL, get_identifier (name), type);
+  DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) = 1;
+  if (!TYPE_NAME (type))
+    TYPE_NAME (type) = decl;
+  pushdecl (decl);
+
+  registered_builtin_types = tree_cons (0, type, registered_builtin_types);
+}
+
+/* Print an error message for invalid operands to arith operation
+   CODE with TYPE0 for operand 0, and TYPE1 for operand 1.
+   LOCATION is the location of the message.  */
+
+void
+binary_op_error (location_t location, enum tree_code code,
+		 tree type0, tree type1)
+{
+  const char *opname;
+
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case PLUS_EXPR:
+      opname = "+"; break;
+    case MINUS_EXPR:
+      opname = "-"; break;
+    case MULT_EXPR:
+      opname = "*"; break;
+    case MAX_EXPR:
+      opname = "max"; break;
+    case MIN_EXPR:
+      opname = "min"; break;
+    case EQ_EXPR:
+      opname = "=="; break;
+    case NE_EXPR:
+      opname = "!="; break;
+    case LE_EXPR:
+      opname = "<="; break;
+    case GE_EXPR:
+      opname = ">="; break;
+    case LT_EXPR:
+      opname = "<"; break;
+    case GT_EXPR:
+      opname = ">"; break;
+    case LSHIFT_EXPR:
+      opname = "<<"; break;
+    case RSHIFT_EXPR:
+      opname = ">>"; break;
+    case TRUNC_MOD_EXPR:
+    case FLOOR_MOD_EXPR:
+      opname = "%"; break;
+    case TRUNC_DIV_EXPR:
+    case FLOOR_DIV_EXPR:
+      opname = "/"; break;
+    case BIT_AND_EXPR:
+      opname = "&"; break;
+    case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
+      opname = "|"; break;
+    case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
+      opname = "&&"; break;
+    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
+      opname = "||"; break;
+    case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
+      opname = "^"; break;
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+  error_at (location,
+	    "invalid operands to binary %s (have %qT and %qT)", opname,
+	    type0, type1);
+}
+
+/* Subroutine of build_binary_op, used for comparison operations.
+   See if the operands have both been converted from subword integer types
+   and, if so, perhaps change them both back to their original type.
+   This function is also responsible for converting the two operands
+   to the proper common type for comparison.
+
+   The arguments of this function are all pointers to local variables
+   of build_binary_op: OP0_PTR is &OP0, OP1_PTR is &OP1,
+   RESTYPE_PTR is &RESULT_TYPE and RESCODE_PTR is &RESULTCODE.
+
+   If this function returns nonzero, it means that the comparison has
+   a constant value.  What this function returns is an expression for
+   that value.  */
+
+tree
+shorten_compare (tree *op0_ptr, tree *op1_ptr, tree *restype_ptr,
+		 enum tree_code *rescode_ptr)
+{
+  tree type;
+  tree op0 = *op0_ptr;
+  tree op1 = *op1_ptr;
+  int unsignedp0, unsignedp1;
+  int real1, real2;
+  tree primop0, primop1;
+  enum tree_code code = *rescode_ptr;
+
+  /* Throw away any conversions to wider types
+     already present in the operands.  */
+
+  primop0 = get_narrower (op0, &unsignedp0);
+  primop1 = get_narrower (op1, &unsignedp1);
+
+  /* Handle the case that OP0 does not *contain* a conversion
+     but it *requires* conversion to FINAL_TYPE.  */
+
+  if (op0 == primop0 && TREE_TYPE (op0) != *restype_ptr)
+    unsignedp0 = TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (op0));
+  if (op1 == primop1 && TREE_TYPE (op1) != *restype_ptr)
+    unsignedp1 = TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (op1));
+
+  /* If one of the operands must be floated, we cannot optimize.  */
+  real1 = TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (primop0)) == REAL_TYPE;
+  real2 = TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (primop1)) == REAL_TYPE;
+
+  /* If first arg is constant, swap the args (changing operation
+     so value is preserved), for canonicalization.  Don't do this if
+     the second arg is 0.  */
+
+  if (TREE_CONSTANT (primop0)
+      && !integer_zerop (primop1) && !real_zerop (primop1)
+      && !fixed_zerop (primop1))
+    {
+      tree tem = primop0;
+      int temi = unsignedp0;
+      primop0 = primop1;
+      primop1 = tem;
+      tem = op0;
+      op0 = op1;
+      op1 = tem;
+      *op0_ptr = op0;
+      *op1_ptr = op1;
+      unsignedp0 = unsignedp1;
+      unsignedp1 = temi;
+      temi = real1;
+      real1 = real2;
+      real2 = temi;
+
+      switch (code)
+	{
+	case LT_EXPR:
+	  code = GT_EXPR;
+	  break;
+	case GT_EXPR:
+	  code = LT_EXPR;
+	  break;
+	case LE_EXPR:
+	  code = GE_EXPR;
+	  break;
+	case GE_EXPR:
+	  code = LE_EXPR;
+	  break;
+	default:
+	  break;
+	}
+      *rescode_ptr = code;
+    }
+
+  /* If comparing an integer against a constant more bits wide,
+     maybe we can deduce a value of 1 or 0 independent of the data.
+     Or else truncate the constant now
+     rather than extend the variable at run time.
+
+     This is only interesting if the constant is the wider arg.
+     Also, it is not safe if the constant is unsigned and the
+     variable arg is signed, since in this case the variable
+     would be sign-extended and then regarded as unsigned.
+     Our technique fails in this case because the lowest/highest
+     possible unsigned results don't follow naturally from the
+     lowest/highest possible values of the variable operand.
+     For just EQ_EXPR and NE_EXPR there is another technique that
+     could be used: see if the constant can be faithfully represented
+     in the other operand's type, by truncating it and reextending it
+     and see if that preserves the constant's value.  */
+
+  if (!real1 && !real2
+      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (primop0)) != FIXED_POINT_TYPE
+      && TREE_CODE (primop1) == INTEGER_CST
+      && TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (primop0)) < TYPE_PRECISION (*restype_ptr))
+    {
+      int min_gt, max_gt, min_lt, max_lt;
+      tree maxval, minval;
+      /* 1 if comparison is nominally unsigned.  */
+      int unsignedp = TYPE_UNSIGNED (*restype_ptr);
+      tree val;
+
+      type = c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (unsignedp0,
+					       TREE_TYPE (primop0));
+
+      maxval = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type);
+      minval = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type);
+
+      if (unsignedp && !unsignedp0)
+	*restype_ptr = c_common_signed_type (*restype_ptr);
+
+      if (TREE_TYPE (primop1) != *restype_ptr)
+	{
+	  /* Convert primop1 to target type, but do not introduce
+	     additional overflow.  We know primop1 is an int_cst.  */
+	  primop1 = force_fit_type_double (*restype_ptr,
+					   tree_to_double_int (primop1),
+					   0, TREE_OVERFLOW (primop1));
+	}
+      if (type != *restype_ptr)
+	{
+	  minval = convert (*restype_ptr, minval);
+	  maxval = convert (*restype_ptr, maxval);
+	}
+
+      if (unsignedp && unsignedp0)
+	{
+	  min_gt = INT_CST_LT_UNSIGNED (primop1, minval);
+	  max_gt = INT_CST_LT_UNSIGNED (primop1, maxval);
+	  min_lt = INT_CST_LT_UNSIGNED (minval, primop1);
+	  max_lt = INT_CST_LT_UNSIGNED (maxval, primop1);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  min_gt = INT_CST_LT (primop1, minval);
+	  max_gt = INT_CST_LT (primop1, maxval);
+	  min_lt = INT_CST_LT (minval, primop1);
+	  max_lt = INT_CST_LT (maxval, primop1);
+	}
+
+      val = 0;
+      /* This used to be a switch, but Genix compiler can't handle that.  */
+      if (code == NE_EXPR)
+	{
+	  if (max_lt || min_gt)
+	    val = truthvalue_true_node;
+	}
+      else if (code == EQ_EXPR)
+	{
+	  if (max_lt || min_gt)
+	    val = truthvalue_false_node;
+	}
+      else if (code == LT_EXPR)
+	{
+	  if (max_lt)
+	    val = truthvalue_true_node;
+	  if (!min_lt)
+	    val = truthvalue_false_node;
+	}
+      else if (code == GT_EXPR)
+	{
+	  if (min_gt)
+	    val = truthvalue_true_node;
+	  if (!max_gt)
+	    val = truthvalue_false_node;
+	}
+      else if (code == LE_EXPR)
+	{
+	  if (!max_gt)
+	    val = truthvalue_true_node;
+	  if (min_gt)
+	    val = truthvalue_false_node;
+	}
+      else if (code == GE_EXPR)
+	{
+	  if (!min_lt)
+	    val = truthvalue_true_node;
+	  if (max_lt)
+	    val = truthvalue_false_node;
+	}
+
+      /* If primop0 was sign-extended and unsigned comparison specd,
+	 we did a signed comparison above using the signed type bounds.
+	 But the comparison we output must be unsigned.
+
+	 Also, for inequalities, VAL is no good; but if the signed
+	 comparison had *any* fixed result, it follows that the
+	 unsigned comparison just tests the sign in reverse
+	 (positive values are LE, negative ones GE).
+	 So we can generate an unsigned comparison
+	 against an extreme value of the signed type.  */
+
+      if (unsignedp && !unsignedp0)
+	{
+	  if (val != 0)
+	    switch (code)
+	      {
+	      case LT_EXPR:
+	      case GE_EXPR:
+		primop1 = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type);
+		val = 0;
+		break;
+
+	      case LE_EXPR:
+	      case GT_EXPR:
+		primop1 = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type);
+		val = 0;
+		break;
+
+	      default:
+		break;
+	      }
+	  type = c_common_unsigned_type (type);
+	}
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (primop0) != INTEGER_CST)
+	{
+	  if (val == truthvalue_false_node)
+	    warning (OPT_Wtype_limits, "comparison is always false due to limited range of data type");
+	  if (val == truthvalue_true_node)
+	    warning (OPT_Wtype_limits, "comparison is always true due to limited range of data type");
+	}
+
+      if (val != 0)
+	{
+	  /* Don't forget to evaluate PRIMOP0 if it has side effects.  */
+	  if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (primop0))
+	    return build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (val), primop0, val);
+	  return val;
+	}
+
+      /* Value is not predetermined, but do the comparison
+	 in the type of the operand that is not constant.
+	 TYPE is already properly set.  */
+    }
+
+  /* If either arg is decimal float and the other is float, find the
+     proper common type to use for comparison.  */
+  else if (real1 && real2
+	   && (DECIMAL_FLOAT_MODE_P (TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (primop0)))
+	       || DECIMAL_FLOAT_MODE_P (TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (primop1)))))
+    type = common_type (TREE_TYPE (primop0), TREE_TYPE (primop1));
+
+  else if (real1 && real2
+	   && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (primop0))
+	       == TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (primop1))))
+    type = TREE_TYPE (primop0);
+
+  /* If args' natural types are both narrower than nominal type
+     and both extend in the same manner, compare them
+     in the type of the wider arg.
+     Otherwise must actually extend both to the nominal
+     common type lest different ways of extending
+     alter the result.
+     (eg, (short)-1 == (unsigned short)-1  should be 0.)  */
+
+  else if (unsignedp0 == unsignedp1 && real1 == real2
+	   && TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (primop0)) < TYPE_PRECISION (*restype_ptr)
+	   && TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (primop1)) < TYPE_PRECISION (*restype_ptr))
+    {
+      type = common_type (TREE_TYPE (primop0), TREE_TYPE (primop1));
+      type = c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (unsignedp0
+					       || TYPE_UNSIGNED (*restype_ptr),
+					       type);
+      /* Make sure shorter operand is extended the right way
+	 to match the longer operand.  */
+      primop0
+	= convert (c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (unsignedp0,
+						     TREE_TYPE (primop0)),
+		   primop0);
+      primop1
+	= convert (c_common_signed_or_unsigned_type (unsignedp1,
+						     TREE_TYPE (primop1)),
+		   primop1);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* Here we must do the comparison on the nominal type
+	 using the args exactly as we received them.  */
+      type = *restype_ptr;
+      primop0 = op0;
+      primop1 = op1;
+
+      if (!real1 && !real2 && integer_zerop (primop1)
+	  && TYPE_UNSIGNED (*restype_ptr))
+	{
+	  tree value = 0;
+	  switch (code)
+	    {
+	    case GE_EXPR:
+	      /* All unsigned values are >= 0, so we warn.  However,
+		 if OP0 is a constant that is >= 0, the signedness of
+		 the comparison isn't an issue, so suppress the
+		 warning.  */
+	      if (warn_type_limits && !in_system_header
+		  && !(TREE_CODE (primop0) == INTEGER_CST
+		       && !TREE_OVERFLOW (convert (c_common_signed_type (type),
+						   primop0))))
+		warning (OPT_Wtype_limits,
+			 "comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true");
+	      value = truthvalue_true_node;
+	      break;
+
+	    case LT_EXPR:
+	      if (warn_type_limits && !in_system_header
+		  && !(TREE_CODE (primop0) == INTEGER_CST
+		       && !TREE_OVERFLOW (convert (c_common_signed_type (type),
+						   primop0))))
+		warning (OPT_Wtype_limits,
+			 "comparison of unsigned expression < 0 is always false");
+	      value = truthvalue_false_node;
+	      break;
+
+	    default:
+	      break;
+	    }
+
+	  if (value != 0)
+	    {
+	      /* Don't forget to evaluate PRIMOP0 if it has side effects.  */
+	      if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (primop0))
+		return build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (value),
+			       primop0, value);
+	      return value;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  *op0_ptr = convert (type, primop0);
+  *op1_ptr = convert (type, primop1);
+
+  *restype_ptr = truthvalue_type_node;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return a tree for the sum or difference (RESULTCODE says which)
+   of pointer PTROP and integer INTOP.  */
+
+tree
+pointer_int_sum (location_t loc, enum tree_code resultcode,
+		 tree ptrop, tree intop)
+{
+  tree size_exp, ret;
+
+  /* The result is a pointer of the same type that is being added.  */
+  tree result_type = TREE_TYPE (ptrop);
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (result_type)) == VOID_TYPE)
+    {
+      pedwarn (loc, pedantic ? OPT_pedantic : OPT_Wpointer_arith,
+	       "pointer of type %<void *%> used in arithmetic");
+      size_exp = integer_one_node;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (result_type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
+    {
+      pedwarn (loc, pedantic ? OPT_pedantic : OPT_Wpointer_arith,
+	       "pointer to a function used in arithmetic");
+      size_exp = integer_one_node;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (result_type)) == METHOD_TYPE)
+    {
+      pedwarn (loc, pedantic ? OPT_pedantic : OPT_Wpointer_arith,
+	       "pointer to member function used in arithmetic");
+      size_exp = integer_one_node;
+    }
+  else
+    size_exp = size_in_bytes (TREE_TYPE (result_type));
+
+  /* We are manipulating pointer values, so we don't need to warn
+     about relying on undefined signed overflow.  We disable the
+     warning here because we use integer types so fold won't know that
+     they are really pointers.  */
+  fold_defer_overflow_warnings ();
+
+  /* If what we are about to multiply by the size of the elements
+     contains a constant term, apply distributive law
+     and multiply that constant term separately.
+     This helps produce common subexpressions.  */
+  if ((TREE_CODE (intop) == PLUS_EXPR || TREE_CODE (intop) == MINUS_EXPR)
+      && !TREE_CONSTANT (intop)
+      && TREE_CONSTANT (TREE_OPERAND (intop, 1))
+      && TREE_CONSTANT (size_exp)
+      /* If the constant comes from pointer subtraction,
+	 skip this optimization--it would cause an error.  */
+      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (intop, 0))) == INTEGER_TYPE
+      /* If the constant is unsigned, and smaller than the pointer size,
+	 then we must skip this optimization.  This is because it could cause
+	 an overflow error if the constant is negative but INTOP is not.  */
+      && (!TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (intop))
+	  || (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (intop))
+	      == TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (ptrop)))))
+    {
+      enum tree_code subcode = resultcode;
+      tree int_type = TREE_TYPE (intop);
+      if (TREE_CODE (intop) == MINUS_EXPR)
+	subcode = (subcode == PLUS_EXPR ? MINUS_EXPR : PLUS_EXPR);
+      /* Convert both subexpression types to the type of intop,
+	 because weird cases involving pointer arithmetic
+	 can result in a sum or difference with different type args.  */
+      ptrop = build_binary_op (EXPR_LOCATION (TREE_OPERAND (intop, 1)),
+			       subcode, ptrop,
+			       convert (int_type, TREE_OPERAND (intop, 1)), 1);
+      intop = convert (int_type, TREE_OPERAND (intop, 0));
+    }
+
+  /* Convert the integer argument to a type the same size as sizetype
+     so the multiply won't overflow spuriously.  */
+  if (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (intop)) != TYPE_PRECISION (sizetype)
+      || TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (intop)) != TYPE_UNSIGNED (sizetype))
+    intop = convert (c_common_type_for_size (TYPE_PRECISION (sizetype),
+					     TYPE_UNSIGNED (sizetype)), intop);
+
+  /* Replace the integer argument with a suitable product by the object size.
+     Do this multiplication as signed, then convert to the appropriate type
+     for the pointer operation and disregard an overflow that occured only
+     because of the sign-extension change in the latter conversion.  */
+  {
+    tree t = build_binary_op (loc,
+			      MULT_EXPR, intop,
+			      convert (TREE_TYPE (intop), size_exp), 1);
+    intop = convert (sizetype, t);
+    if (TREE_OVERFLOW_P (intop) && !TREE_OVERFLOW (t))
+      intop = build_int_cst_wide (TREE_TYPE (intop), TREE_INT_CST_LOW (intop),
+				  TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (intop));
+  }
+
+  /* Create the sum or difference.  */
+  if (resultcode == MINUS_EXPR)
+    intop = fold_build1_loc (loc, NEGATE_EXPR, sizetype, intop);
+
+  ret = fold_build2_loc (loc, POINTER_PLUS_EXPR, result_type, ptrop, intop);
+
+  fold_undefer_and_ignore_overflow_warnings ();
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* Wrap a C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR around an expression that is fully folded
+   and if NON_CONST is known not to be permitted in an evaluated part
+   of a constant expression.  */
+
+tree
+c_wrap_maybe_const (tree expr, bool non_const)
+{
+  bool nowarning = TREE_NO_WARNING (expr);
+  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (expr);
+
+  /* This should never be called for C++.  */
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    gcc_unreachable ();
+
+  /* The result of folding may have a NOP_EXPR to set TREE_NO_WARNING.  */
+  STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (expr);
+  expr = build2 (C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (expr), NULL, expr);
+  C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR_NON_CONST (expr) = non_const;
+  if (nowarning)
+    TREE_NO_WARNING (expr) = 1;
+  protected_set_expr_location (expr, loc);
+
+  return expr;
+}
+
+/* Wrap a SAVE_EXPR around EXPR, if appropriate.  Like save_expr, but
+   for C folds the inside expression and wraps a C_MAYBE_CONST_EXPR
+   around the SAVE_EXPR if needed so that c_fully_fold does not need
+   to look inside SAVE_EXPRs.  */
+
+tree
+c_save_expr (tree expr)
+{
+  bool maybe_const = true;
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    return save_expr (expr);
+  expr = c_fully_fold (expr, false, &maybe_const);
+  expr = save_expr (expr);
+  if (!maybe_const)
+    expr = c_wrap_maybe_const (expr, true);
+  return expr;
+}
+
+/* Return whether EXPR is a declaration whose address can never be
+   NULL.  */
+
+bool
+decl_with_nonnull_addr_p (const_tree expr)
+{
+  return (DECL_P (expr)
+	  && (TREE_CODE (expr) == PARM_DECL
+	      || TREE_CODE (expr) == LABEL_DECL
+	      || !DECL_WEAK (expr)));
+}
+
+/* Prepare expr to be an argument of a TRUTH_NOT_EXPR,
+   or for an `if' or `while' statement or ?..: exp.  It should already
+   have been validated to be of suitable type; otherwise, a bad
+   diagnostic may result.
+
+   The EXPR is located at LOCATION.
+
+   This preparation consists of taking the ordinary
+   representation of an expression expr and producing a valid tree
+   boolean expression describing whether expr is nonzero.  We could
+   simply always do build_binary_op (NE_EXPR, expr, truthvalue_false_node, 1),
+   but we optimize comparisons, &&, ||, and !.
+
+   The resulting type should always be `truthvalue_type_node'.  */
+
+tree
+c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location_t location, tree expr)
+{
+  switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
+    {
+    case EQ_EXPR:   case NE_EXPR:   case UNEQ_EXPR: case LTGT_EXPR:
+    case LE_EXPR:   case GE_EXPR:   case LT_EXPR:   case GT_EXPR:
+    case UNLE_EXPR: case UNGE_EXPR: case UNLT_EXPR: case UNGT_EXPR:
+    case ORDERED_EXPR: case UNORDERED_EXPR:
+      if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == truthvalue_type_node)
+	return expr;
+      expr = build2 (TREE_CODE (expr), truthvalue_type_node,
+		     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1));
+      goto ret;
+
+    case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
+    case TRUTH_XOR_EXPR:
+      if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == truthvalue_type_node)
+	return expr;
+      expr = build2 (TREE_CODE (expr), truthvalue_type_node,
+		     c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+						     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)),
+		     c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+						     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)));
+      goto ret;
+
+    case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
+      if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == truthvalue_type_node)
+	return expr;
+      expr = build1 (TREE_CODE (expr), truthvalue_type_node,
+		     c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+						     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)));
+      goto ret;
+
+    case ERROR_MARK:
+      return expr;
+
+    case INTEGER_CST:
+      return integer_zerop (expr) ? truthvalue_false_node
+				  : truthvalue_true_node;
+
+    case REAL_CST:
+      return real_compare (NE_EXPR, &TREE_REAL_CST (expr), &dconst0)
+	     ? truthvalue_true_node
+	     : truthvalue_false_node;
+
+    case FIXED_CST:
+      return fixed_compare (NE_EXPR, &TREE_FIXED_CST (expr),
+			    &FCONST0 (TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (expr))))
+	     ? truthvalue_true_node
+	     : truthvalue_false_node;
+
+    case FUNCTION_DECL:
+      expr = build_unary_op (location, ADDR_EXPR, expr, 0);
+      /* Fall through.  */
+
+    case ADDR_EXPR:
+      {
+ 	tree inner = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+	if (decl_with_nonnull_addr_p (inner))
+	  {
+	    /* Common Ada/Pascal programmer's mistake.  */
+	    warning_at (location,
+			OPT_Waddress,
+			"the address of %qD will always evaluate as %<true%>",
+			inner);
+	    return truthvalue_true_node;
+	  }
+	break;
+      }
+
+    case COMPLEX_EXPR:
+      expr = build_binary_op (EXPR_LOCATION (expr),
+			      (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1))
+			       ? TRUTH_OR_EXPR : TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR),
+		c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+						TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)),
+		c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+						TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)),
+			      0);
+      goto ret;
+
+    case NEGATE_EXPR:
+    case ABS_EXPR:
+    case FLOAT_EXPR:
+    case EXCESS_PRECISION_EXPR:
+      /* These don't change whether an object is nonzero or zero.  */
+      return c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location, TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));
+
+    case LROTATE_EXPR:
+    case RROTATE_EXPR:
+      /* These don't change whether an object is zero or nonzero, but
+	 we can't ignore them if their second arg has side-effects.  */
+      if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)))
+	{
+	  expr = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, truthvalue_type_node,
+			 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1),
+			 c_common_truthvalue_conversion
+			 (location, TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)));
+	  goto ret;
+	}
+      else
+	return c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+					       TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));
+
+    case COND_EXPR:
+      /* Distribute the conversion into the arms of a COND_EXPR.  */
+      if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+	{
+	  expr = fold_build3_loc (location, COND_EXPR, truthvalue_type_node,
+			      TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0),
+			      c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+							      TREE_OPERAND (expr,
+									    1)),
+			      c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+							      TREE_OPERAND (expr,
+									    2)));
+	  goto ret;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Folding will happen later for C.  */
+	  expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, truthvalue_type_node,
+			 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0),
+			 c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+							 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)),
+			 c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+							 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2)));
+	  goto ret;
+	}
+
+    CASE_CONVERT:
+      /* Don't cancel the effect of a CONVERT_EXPR from a REFERENCE_TYPE,
+	 since that affects how `default_conversion' will behave.  */
+      if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)) == REFERENCE_TYPE
+	  || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0))) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
+	break;
+      /* If this is widening the argument, we can ignore it.  */
+      if (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (expr))
+	  >= TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0))))
+	return c_common_truthvalue_conversion (location,
+					       TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));
+      break;
+
+    case MODIFY_EXPR:
+      if (!TREE_NO_WARNING (expr)
+	  && warn_parentheses)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		   "suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value");
+	  TREE_NO_WARNING (expr) = 1;
+	}
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
+    {
+      tree t = (in_late_binary_op ? save_expr (expr) : c_save_expr (expr));
+      expr = (build_binary_op
+	      (EXPR_LOCATION (expr),
+	       (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr)
+		? TRUTH_OR_EXPR : TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR),
+	c_common_truthvalue_conversion
+	       (location,
+		build_unary_op (location, REALPART_EXPR, t, 0)),
+	c_common_truthvalue_conversion
+	       (location,
+		build_unary_op (location, IMAGPART_EXPR, t, 0)),
+	       0));
+      goto ret;
+    }
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)) == FIXED_POINT_TYPE)
+    {
+      tree fixed_zero_node = build_fixed (TREE_TYPE (expr),
+					  FCONST0 (TYPE_MODE
+						   (TREE_TYPE (expr))));
+      return build_binary_op (location, NE_EXPR, expr, fixed_zero_node, 1);
+    }
+  else
+    return build_binary_op (location, NE_EXPR, expr, integer_zero_node, 1);
+
+ ret:
+  protected_set_expr_location (expr, location);
+  return expr;
+}
+
+static void def_builtin_1  (enum built_in_function fncode,
+			    const char *name,
+			    enum built_in_class fnclass,
+			    tree fntype, tree libtype,
+			    bool both_p, bool fallback_p, bool nonansi_p,
+			    tree fnattrs, bool implicit_p);
+
+
+/* Apply the TYPE_QUALS to the new DECL.  */
+
+void
+c_apply_type_quals_to_decl (int type_quals, tree decl)
+{
+  tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
+
+  if (type == error_mark_node)
+    return;
+
+  if (((type_quals & TYPE_QUAL_CONST)
+       || (type && TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE))
+      /* An object declared 'const' is only readonly after it is
+	 initialized.  We don't have any way of expressing this currently,
+	 so we need to be conservative and unset TREE_READONLY for types
+	 with constructors.  Otherwise aliasing code will ignore stores in
+	 an inline constructor.  */
+      && !(type && TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type)))
+    TREE_READONLY (decl) = 1;
+  if (type_quals & TYPE_QUAL_VOLATILE)
+    {
+      TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (decl) = 1;
+      TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (decl) = 1;
+    }
+  if (type_quals & TYPE_QUAL_RESTRICT)
+    {
+      while (type && TREE_CODE (type) == ARRAY_TYPE)
+	/* Allow 'restrict' on arrays of pointers.
+	   FIXME currently we just ignore it.  */
+	type = TREE_TYPE (type);
+      if (!type
+	  || !POINTER_TYPE_P (type)
+	  || !C_TYPE_OBJECT_OR_INCOMPLETE_P (TREE_TYPE (type)))
+	error ("invalid use of %<restrict%>");
+    }
+}
+
+/* Hash function for the problem of multiple type definitions in
+   different files.  This must hash all types that will compare
+   equal via comptypes to the same value.  In practice it hashes
+   on some of the simple stuff and leaves the details to comptypes.  */
+
+static hashval_t
+c_type_hash (const void *p)
+{
+  int n_elements;
+  int shift, size;
+  const_tree const t = (const_tree) p;
+  tree t2;
+  switch (TREE_CODE (t))
+    {
+    /* For pointers, hash on pointee type plus some swizzling.  */
+    case POINTER_TYPE:
+      return c_type_hash (TREE_TYPE (t)) ^ 0x3003003;
+    /* Hash on number of elements and total size.  */
+    case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
+      shift = 3;
+      t2 = TYPE_VALUES (t);
+      break;
+    case RECORD_TYPE:
+      shift = 0;
+      t2 = TYPE_FIELDS (t);
+      break;
+    case QUAL_UNION_TYPE:
+      shift = 1;
+      t2 = TYPE_FIELDS (t);
+      break;
+    case UNION_TYPE:
+      shift = 2;
+      t2 = TYPE_FIELDS (t);
+      break;
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+  /* FIXME: We want to use a DECL_CHAIN iteration method here, but
+     TYPE_VALUES of ENUMERAL_TYPEs is stored as a TREE_LIST.  */
+  n_elements = list_length (t2);
+  /* We might have a VLA here.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (TYPE_SIZE (t)) != INTEGER_CST)
+    size = 0;
+  else
+    size = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (TYPE_SIZE (t));
+  return ((size << 24) | (n_elements << shift));
+}
+
+static GTY((param_is (union tree_node))) htab_t type_hash_table;
+
+/* Return the typed-based alias set for T, which may be an expression
+   or a type.  Return -1 if we don't do anything special.  */
+
+alias_set_type
+c_common_get_alias_set (tree t)
+{
+  tree u;
+  PTR *slot;
+
+  /* For VLAs, use the alias set of the element type rather than the
+     default of alias set 0 for types compared structurally.  */
+  if (TYPE_P (t) && TYPE_STRUCTURAL_EQUALITY_P (t))
+    {
+      if (TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_TYPE)
+	return get_alias_set (TREE_TYPE (t));
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+  /* Permit type-punning when accessing a union, provided the access
+     is directly through the union.  For example, this code does not
+     permit taking the address of a union member and then storing
+     through it.  Even the type-punning allowed here is a GCC
+     extension, albeit a common and useful one; the C standard says
+     that such accesses have implementation-defined behavior.  */
+  for (u = t;
+       TREE_CODE (u) == COMPONENT_REF || TREE_CODE (u) == ARRAY_REF;
+       u = TREE_OPERAND (u, 0))
+    if (TREE_CODE (u) == COMPONENT_REF
+	&& TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (u, 0))) == UNION_TYPE)
+      return 0;
+
+  /* That's all the expressions we handle specially.  */
+  if (!TYPE_P (t))
+    return -1;
+
+  /* The C standard guarantees that any object may be accessed via an
+     lvalue that has character type.  */
+  if (t == char_type_node
+      || t == signed_char_type_node
+      || t == unsigned_char_type_node)
+    return 0;
+
+  /* The C standard specifically allows aliasing between signed and
+     unsigned variants of the same type.  We treat the signed
+     variant as canonical.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (t) == INTEGER_TYPE && TYPE_UNSIGNED (t))
+    {
+      tree t1 = c_common_signed_type (t);
+
+      /* t1 == t can happen for boolean nodes which are always unsigned.  */
+      if (t1 != t)
+	return get_alias_set (t1);
+    }
+
+  /* Handle the case of multiple type nodes referring to "the same" type,
+     which occurs with IMA.  These share an alias set.  FIXME:  Currently only
+     C90 is handled.  (In C99 type compatibility is not transitive, which
+     complicates things mightily. The alias set splay trees can theoretically
+     represent this, but insertion is tricky when you consider all the
+     different orders things might arrive in.) */
+
+  if (c_language != clk_c || flag_isoc99)
+    return -1;
+
+  /* Save time if there's only one input file.  */
+  if (num_in_fnames == 1)
+    return -1;
+
+  /* Pointers need special handling if they point to any type that
+     needs special handling (below).  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (t) == POINTER_TYPE)
+    {
+      tree t2;
+      /* Find bottom type under any nested POINTERs.  */
+      for (t2 = TREE_TYPE (t);
+	   TREE_CODE (t2) == POINTER_TYPE;
+	   t2 = TREE_TYPE (t2))
+	;
+      if (TREE_CODE (t2) != RECORD_TYPE
+	  && TREE_CODE (t2) != ENUMERAL_TYPE
+	  && TREE_CODE (t2) != QUAL_UNION_TYPE
+	  && TREE_CODE (t2) != UNION_TYPE)
+	return -1;
+      if (TYPE_SIZE (t2) == 0)
+	return -1;
+    }
+  /* These are the only cases that need special handling.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (t) != RECORD_TYPE
+      && TREE_CODE (t) != ENUMERAL_TYPE
+      && TREE_CODE (t) != QUAL_UNION_TYPE
+      && TREE_CODE (t) != UNION_TYPE
+      && TREE_CODE (t) != POINTER_TYPE)
+    return -1;
+  /* Undefined? */
+  if (TYPE_SIZE (t) == 0)
+    return -1;
+
+  /* Look up t in hash table.  Only one of the compatible types within each
+     alias set is recorded in the table.  */
+  if (!type_hash_table)
+    type_hash_table = htab_create_ggc (1021, c_type_hash,
+	    (htab_eq) lang_hooks.types_compatible_p,
+	    NULL);
+  slot = htab_find_slot (type_hash_table, t, INSERT);
+  if (*slot != NULL)
+    {
+      TYPE_ALIAS_SET (t) = TYPE_ALIAS_SET ((tree)*slot);
+      return TYPE_ALIAS_SET ((tree)*slot);
+    }
+  else
+    /* Our caller will assign and record (in t) a new alias set; all we need
+       to do is remember t in the hash table.  */
+    *slot = t;
+
+  return -1;
+}
+
+/* Compute the value of 'sizeof (TYPE)' or '__alignof__ (TYPE)', where
+   the second parameter indicates which OPERATOR is being applied.
+   The COMPLAIN flag controls whether we should diagnose possibly
+   ill-formed constructs or not.  LOC is the location of the SIZEOF or
+   TYPEOF operator.  */
+
+tree
+c_sizeof_or_alignof_type (location_t loc,
+			  tree type, bool is_sizeof, int complain)
+{
+  const char *op_name;
+  tree value = NULL;
+  enum tree_code type_code = TREE_CODE (type);
+
+  op_name = is_sizeof ? "sizeof" : "__alignof__";
+
+  if (type_code == FUNCTION_TYPE)
+    {
+      if (is_sizeof)
+	{
+	  if (complain && (pedantic || warn_pointer_arith))
+	    pedwarn (loc, pedantic ? OPT_pedantic : OPT_Wpointer_arith,
+		     "invalid application of %<sizeof%> to a function type");
+          else if (!complain)
+            return error_mark_node;
+	  value = size_one_node;
+	}
+      else
+	value = size_int (FUNCTION_BOUNDARY / BITS_PER_UNIT);
+    }
+  else if (type_code == VOID_TYPE || type_code == ERROR_MARK)
+    {
+      if (type_code == VOID_TYPE
+	  && complain && (pedantic || warn_pointer_arith))
+	pedwarn (loc, pedantic ? OPT_pedantic : OPT_Wpointer_arith,
+		 "invalid application of %qs to a void type", op_name);
+      else if (!complain)
+        return error_mark_node;
+      value = size_one_node;
+    }
+  else if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type))
+    {
+      if (complain)
+	error_at (loc, "invalid application of %qs to incomplete type %qT ",
+		  op_name, type);
+      return error_mark_node;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (is_sizeof)
+	/* Convert in case a char is more than one unit.  */
+	value = size_binop_loc (loc, CEIL_DIV_EXPR, TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type),
+				size_int (TYPE_PRECISION (char_type_node)
+					  / BITS_PER_UNIT));
+      else
+	value = size_int (TYPE_ALIGN_UNIT (type));
+    }
+
+  /* VALUE will have an integer type with TYPE_IS_SIZETYPE set.
+     TYPE_IS_SIZETYPE means that certain things (like overflow) will
+     never happen.  However, this node should really have type
+     `size_t', which is just a typedef for an ordinary integer type.  */
+  value = fold_convert_loc (loc, size_type_node, value);
+  gcc_assert (!TYPE_IS_SIZETYPE (TREE_TYPE (value)));
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+/* Implement the __alignof keyword: Return the minimum required
+   alignment of EXPR, measured in bytes.  For VAR_DECLs,
+   FUNCTION_DECLs and FIELD_DECLs return DECL_ALIGN (which can be set
+   from an "aligned" __attribute__ specification).  LOC is the
+   location of the ALIGNOF operator.  */
+
+tree
+c_alignof_expr (location_t loc, tree expr)
+{
+  tree t;
+
+  if (VAR_OR_FUNCTION_DECL_P (expr))
+    t = size_int (DECL_ALIGN_UNIT (expr));
+
+  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == COMPONENT_REF
+	   && DECL_C_BIT_FIELD (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)))
+    {
+      error_at (loc, "%<__alignof%> applied to a bit-field");
+      t = size_one_node;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == COMPONENT_REF
+	   && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)) == FIELD_DECL)
+    t = size_int (DECL_ALIGN_UNIT (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)));
+
+  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == INDIRECT_REF)
+    {
+      tree t = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+      tree best = t;
+      int bestalign = TYPE_ALIGN (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (t)));
+
+      while (CONVERT_EXPR_P (t)
+	     && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0))) == POINTER_TYPE)
+	{
+	  int thisalign;
+
+	  t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
+	  thisalign = TYPE_ALIGN (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (t)));
+	  if (thisalign > bestalign)
+	    best = t, bestalign = thisalign;
+	}
+      return c_alignof (loc, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (best)));
+    }
+  else
+    return c_alignof (loc, TREE_TYPE (expr));
+
+  return fold_convert_loc (loc, size_type_node, t);
+}
+
+/* Handle C and C++ default attributes.  */
+
+enum built_in_attribute
+{
+#define DEF_ATTR_NULL_TREE(ENUM) ENUM,
+#define DEF_ATTR_INT(ENUM, VALUE) ENUM,
+#define DEF_ATTR_IDENT(ENUM, STRING) ENUM,
+#define DEF_ATTR_TREE_LIST(ENUM, PURPOSE, VALUE, CHAIN) ENUM,
+#include "builtin-attrs.def"
+#undef DEF_ATTR_NULL_TREE
+#undef DEF_ATTR_INT
+#undef DEF_ATTR_IDENT
+#undef DEF_ATTR_TREE_LIST
+  ATTR_LAST
+};
+
+static GTY(()) tree built_in_attributes[(int) ATTR_LAST];
+
+static void c_init_attributes (void);
+
+enum c_builtin_type
+{
+#define DEF_PRIMITIVE_TYPE(NAME, VALUE) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_0(NAME, RETURN) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_1(NAME, RETURN, ARG1) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_2(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_3(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_4(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_5(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_6(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_7(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_0(NAME, RETURN) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_1(NAME, RETURN, ARG1) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_2(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_3(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_4(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4) NAME,
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_5(NAME, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG6) \
+  NAME,
+#define DEF_POINTER_TYPE(NAME, TYPE) NAME,
+#include "builtin-types.def"
+#undef DEF_PRIMITIVE_TYPE
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_0
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_1
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_2
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_3
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_4
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_5
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_6
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_7
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_0
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_1
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_2
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_3
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_4
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_5
+#undef DEF_POINTER_TYPE
+  BT_LAST
+};
+
+typedef enum c_builtin_type builtin_type;
+
+/* A temporary array for c_common_nodes_and_builtins.  Used in
+   communication with def_fn_type.  */
+static tree builtin_types[(int) BT_LAST + 1];
+
+/* A helper function for c_common_nodes_and_builtins.  Build function type
+   for DEF with return type RET and N arguments.  If VAR is true, then the
+   function should be variadic after those N arguments.
+
+   Takes special care not to ICE if any of the types involved are
+   error_mark_node, which indicates that said type is not in fact available
+   (see builtin_type_for_size).  In which case the function type as a whole
+   should be error_mark_node.  */
+
+static void
+def_fn_type (builtin_type def, builtin_type ret, bool var, int n, ...)
+{
+  tree args = NULL, t;
+  va_list list;
+  int i;
+
+  va_start (list, n);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    {
+      builtin_type a = (builtin_type) va_arg (list, int);
+      t = builtin_types[a];
+      if (t == error_mark_node)
+	goto egress;
+      args = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, t, args);
+    }
+  va_end (list);
+
+  args = nreverse (args);
+  if (!var)
+    args = chainon (args, void_list_node);
+
+  t = builtin_types[ret];
+  if (t == error_mark_node)
+    goto egress;
+  t = build_function_type (t, args);
+
+ egress:
+  builtin_types[def] = t;
+}
+
+/* Build builtin functions common to both C and C++ language
+   frontends.  */
+
+static void
+c_define_builtins (tree va_list_ref_type_node, tree va_list_arg_type_node)
+{
+#define DEF_PRIMITIVE_TYPE(ENUM, VALUE) \
+  builtin_types[ENUM] = VALUE;
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_0(ENUM, RETURN) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 0);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_1(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 1, ARG1);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_2(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 2, ARG1, ARG2);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_3(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 3, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_4(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 4, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_5(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5)	\
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 5, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_6(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, \
+			    ARG6)					\
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 6, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_7(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, \
+			    ARG6, ARG7)					\
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 0, 7, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_0(ENUM, RETURN) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 1, 0);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_1(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 1, 1, ARG1);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_2(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 1, 2, ARG1, ARG2);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_3(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 1, 3, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_4(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 1, 4, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4);
+#define DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_5(ENUM, RETURN, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5) \
+  def_fn_type (ENUM, RETURN, 1, 5, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5);
+#define DEF_POINTER_TYPE(ENUM, TYPE) \
+  builtin_types[(int) ENUM] = build_pointer_type (builtin_types[(int) TYPE]);
+
+#include "builtin-types.def"
+
+#undef DEF_PRIMITIVE_TYPE
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_1
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_2
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_3
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_4
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_5
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_6
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_0
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_1
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_2
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_3
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_4
+#undef DEF_FUNCTION_TYPE_VAR_5
+#undef DEF_POINTER_TYPE
+  builtin_types[(int) BT_LAST] = NULL_TREE;
+
+  c_init_attributes ();
+
+#define DEF_BUILTIN(ENUM, NAME, CLASS, TYPE, LIBTYPE, BOTH_P, FALLBACK_P, \
+		    NONANSI_P, ATTRS, IMPLICIT, COND)			\
+  if (NAME && COND)							\
+    def_builtin_1 (ENUM, NAME, CLASS,                                   \
+		   builtin_types[(int) TYPE],                           \
+		   builtin_types[(int) LIBTYPE],                        \
+		   BOTH_P, FALLBACK_P, NONANSI_P,                       \
+		   built_in_attributes[(int) ATTRS], IMPLICIT);
+#include "builtins.def"
+#undef DEF_BUILTIN
+
+  targetm.init_builtins ();
+
+  build_common_builtin_nodes ();
+
+  if (flag_mudflap)
+    mudflap_init ();
+}
+
+/* Like get_identifier, but avoid warnings about null arguments when
+   the argument may be NULL for targets where GCC lacks stdint.h type
+   information.  */
+
+static inline tree
+c_get_ident (const char *id)
+{
+  return get_identifier (id);
+}
+
+/* Build tree nodes and builtin functions common to both C and C++ language
+   frontends.  */
+
+void
+c_common_nodes_and_builtins (void)
+{
+  int char16_type_size;
+  int char32_type_size;
+  int wchar_type_size;
+  tree array_domain_type;
+  tree va_list_ref_type_node;
+  tree va_list_arg_type_node;
+
+  /* Define `int' and `char' first so that dbx will output them first.  */
+  record_builtin_type (RID_INT, NULL, integer_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_CHAR, "char", char_type_node);
+
+  /* `signed' is the same as `int'.  FIXME: the declarations of "signed",
+     "unsigned long", "long long unsigned" and "unsigned short" were in C++
+     but not C.  Are the conditionals here needed?  */
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    record_builtin_type (RID_SIGNED, NULL, integer_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_LONG, "long int", long_integer_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_UNSIGNED, "unsigned int", unsigned_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long unsigned int",
+		       long_unsigned_type_node);
+  if (int128_integer_type_node != NULL_TREE)
+    {
+      record_builtin_type (RID_INT128, "__int128",
+			   int128_integer_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "__int128 unsigned",
+			   int128_unsigned_type_node);
+    }
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned long", long_unsigned_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long long int",
+		       long_long_integer_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long long unsigned int",
+		       long_long_unsigned_type_node);
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long long unsigned",
+			 long_long_unsigned_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_SHORT, "short int", short_integer_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "short unsigned int",
+		       short_unsigned_type_node);
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned short",
+			 short_unsigned_type_node);
+
+  /* Define both `signed char' and `unsigned char'.  */
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "signed char", signed_char_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned char", unsigned_char_type_node);
+
+  /* These are types that c_common_type_for_size and
+     c_common_type_for_mode use.  */
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 intQI_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 intHI_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 intSI_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 intDI_type_node));
+#if HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT >= 64
+  if (targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (TImode))
+    lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					   TYPE_DECL,
+					   get_identifier ("__int128_t"),
+					   intTI_type_node));
+#endif
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 unsigned_intQI_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 unsigned_intHI_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 unsigned_intSI_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 unsigned_intDI_type_node));
+#if HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT >= 64
+  if (targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (TImode))
+    lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					   TYPE_DECL,
+					   get_identifier ("__uint128_t"),
+					   unsigned_intTI_type_node));
+#endif
+
+  /* Create the widest literal types.  */
+  widest_integer_literal_type_node
+    = make_signed_type (HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT * 2);
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 widest_integer_literal_type_node));
+
+  widest_unsigned_literal_type_node
+    = make_unsigned_type (HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT * 2);
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL, NULL_TREE,
+					 widest_unsigned_literal_type_node));
+
+  /* `unsigned long' is the standard type for sizeof.
+     Note that stddef.h uses `unsigned long',
+     and this must agree, even if long and int are the same size.  */
+  size_type_node =
+    TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (get_identifier (SIZE_TYPE)));
+  signed_size_type_node = c_common_signed_type (size_type_node);
+  set_sizetype (size_type_node);
+
+  pid_type_node =
+    TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (get_identifier (PID_TYPE)));
+
+  build_common_tree_nodes_2 (flag_short_double);
+
+  record_builtin_type (RID_FLOAT, NULL, float_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_DOUBLE, NULL, double_type_node);
+  record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long double", long_double_type_node);
+
+  /* Only supported decimal floating point extension if the target
+     actually supports underlying modes. */
+  if (targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (SDmode)
+      && targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (DDmode)
+      && targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (TDmode))
+    {
+      record_builtin_type (RID_DFLOAT32, NULL, dfloat32_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_DFLOAT64, NULL, dfloat64_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_DFLOAT128, NULL, dfloat128_type_node);
+    }
+
+  if (targetm.fixed_point_supported_p ())
+    {
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "short _Fract", short_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_FRACT, NULL, fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long _Fract", long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long long _Fract",
+			   long_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned short _Fract",
+			   unsigned_short_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned _Fract",
+			   unsigned_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned long _Fract",
+			   unsigned_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned long long _Fract",
+			   unsigned_long_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat short _Fract",
+			   sat_short_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat _Fract", sat_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat long _Fract",
+			   sat_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat long long _Fract",
+			   sat_long_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned short _Fract",
+			   sat_unsigned_short_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned _Fract",
+			   sat_unsigned_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned long _Fract",
+			   sat_unsigned_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned long long _Fract",
+			   sat_unsigned_long_long_fract_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "short _Accum", short_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_ACCUM, NULL, accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long _Accum", long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "long long _Accum",
+			   long_long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned short _Accum",
+			   unsigned_short_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned _Accum",
+			   unsigned_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned long _Accum",
+			   unsigned_long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "unsigned long long _Accum",
+			   unsigned_long_long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat short _Accum",
+			   sat_short_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat _Accum", sat_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat long _Accum",
+			   sat_long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat long long _Accum",
+			  sat_long_long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned short _Accum",
+			   sat_unsigned_short_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned _Accum",
+			   sat_unsigned_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned long _Accum",
+			   sat_unsigned_long_accum_type_node);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_MAX, "_Sat unsigned long long _Accum",
+			   sat_unsigned_long_long_accum_type_node);
+
+    }
+
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL,
+					 get_identifier ("complex int"),
+					 complex_integer_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL,
+					 get_identifier ("complex float"),
+					 complex_float_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+					 TYPE_DECL,
+					 get_identifier ("complex double"),
+					 complex_double_type_node));
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl
+    (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+		 TYPE_DECL, get_identifier ("complex long double"),
+		 complex_long_double_type_node));
+
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    /* For C++, make fileptr_type_node a distinct void * type until
+       FILE type is defined.  */
+    fileptr_type_node = build_variant_type_copy (ptr_type_node);
+
+  record_builtin_type (RID_VOID, NULL, void_type_node);
+
+  /* Set the TYPE_NAME for any variants that were built before
+     record_builtin_type gave names to the built-in types. */
+  {
+    tree void_name = TYPE_NAME (void_type_node);
+    TYPE_NAME (void_type_node) = NULL_TREE;
+    TYPE_NAME (build_qualified_type (void_type_node, TYPE_QUAL_CONST))
+      = void_name;
+    TYPE_NAME (void_type_node) = void_name;
+  }
+
+  /* This node must not be shared.  */
+  void_zero_node = make_node (INTEGER_CST);
+  TREE_TYPE (void_zero_node) = void_type_node;
+
+  void_list_node = build_void_list_node ();
+
+  /* Make a type to be the domain of a few array types
+     whose domains don't really matter.
+     200 is small enough that it always fits in size_t
+     and large enough that it can hold most function names for the
+     initializations of __FUNCTION__ and __PRETTY_FUNCTION__.  */
+  array_domain_type = build_index_type (size_int (200));
+
+  /* Make a type for arrays of characters.
+     With luck nothing will ever really depend on the length of this
+     array type.  */
+  char_array_type_node
+    = build_array_type (char_type_node, array_domain_type);
+
+  /* Likewise for arrays of ints.  */
+  int_array_type_node
+    = build_array_type (integer_type_node, array_domain_type);
+
+  string_type_node = build_pointer_type (char_type_node);
+  const_string_type_node
+    = build_pointer_type (build_qualified_type
+			  (char_type_node, TYPE_QUAL_CONST));
+
+  /* This is special for C++ so functions can be overloaded.  */
+  wchar_type_node = get_identifier (MODIFIED_WCHAR_TYPE);
+  wchar_type_node = TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (wchar_type_node));
+  wchar_type_size = TYPE_PRECISION (wchar_type_node);
+  underlying_wchar_type_node = wchar_type_node;
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    {
+      if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (wchar_type_node))
+	wchar_type_node = make_unsigned_type (wchar_type_size);
+      else
+	wchar_type_node = make_signed_type (wchar_type_size);
+      record_builtin_type (RID_WCHAR, "wchar_t", wchar_type_node);
+    }
+
+  /* This is for wide string constants.  */
+  wchar_array_type_node
+    = build_array_type (wchar_type_node, array_domain_type);
+
+  /* Define 'char16_t'.  */
+  char16_type_node = get_identifier (CHAR16_TYPE);
+  char16_type_node = TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (char16_type_node));
+  char16_type_size = TYPE_PRECISION (char16_type_node);
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    {
+      char16_type_node = make_unsigned_type (char16_type_size);
+
+      if (cxx_dialect == cxx0x)
+	record_builtin_type (RID_CHAR16, "char16_t", char16_type_node);
+    }
+
+  /* This is for UTF-16 string constants.  */
+  char16_array_type_node
+    = build_array_type (char16_type_node, array_domain_type);
+
+  /* Define 'char32_t'.  */
+  char32_type_node = get_identifier (CHAR32_TYPE);
+  char32_type_node = TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (char32_type_node));
+  char32_type_size = TYPE_PRECISION (char32_type_node);
+  if (c_dialect_cxx ())
+    {
+      char32_type_node = make_unsigned_type (char32_type_size);
+
+      if (cxx_dialect == cxx0x)
+	record_builtin_type (RID_CHAR32, "char32_t", char32_type_node);
+    }
+
+  /* This is for UTF-32 string constants.  */
+  char32_array_type_node
+    = build_array_type (char32_type_node, array_domain_type);
+
+  wint_type_node =
+    TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (get_identifier (WINT_TYPE)));
+
+  intmax_type_node =
+    TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (get_identifier (INTMAX_TYPE)));
+  uintmax_type_node =
+    TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (get_identifier (UINTMAX_TYPE)));
+
+  if (SIG_ATOMIC_TYPE)
+    sig_atomic_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (SIG_ATOMIC_TYPE)));
+  if (INT8_TYPE)
+    int8_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT8_TYPE)));
+  if (INT16_TYPE)
+    int16_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT16_TYPE)));
+  if (INT32_TYPE)
+    int32_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT32_TYPE)));
+  if (INT64_TYPE)
+    int64_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT64_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT8_TYPE)
+    uint8_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT8_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT16_TYPE)
+    uint16_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT16_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT32_TYPE)
+    c_uint32_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT32_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT64_TYPE)
+    c_uint64_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT64_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_LEAST8_TYPE)
+    int_least8_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_LEAST8_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_LEAST16_TYPE)
+    int_least16_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_LEAST16_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_LEAST32_TYPE)
+    int_least32_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_LEAST32_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_LEAST64_TYPE)
+    int_least64_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_LEAST64_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_LEAST8_TYPE)
+    uint_least8_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_LEAST8_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_LEAST16_TYPE)
+    uint_least16_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_LEAST16_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_LEAST32_TYPE)
+    uint_least32_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_LEAST32_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_LEAST64_TYPE)
+    uint_least64_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_LEAST64_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_FAST8_TYPE)
+    int_fast8_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_FAST8_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_FAST16_TYPE)
+    int_fast16_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_FAST16_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_FAST32_TYPE)
+    int_fast32_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_FAST32_TYPE)));
+  if (INT_FAST64_TYPE)
+    int_fast64_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INT_FAST64_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_FAST8_TYPE)
+    uint_fast8_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_FAST8_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_FAST16_TYPE)
+    uint_fast16_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_FAST16_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_FAST32_TYPE)
+    uint_fast32_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_FAST32_TYPE)));
+  if (UINT_FAST64_TYPE)
+    uint_fast64_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINT_FAST64_TYPE)));
+  if (INTPTR_TYPE)
+    intptr_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (INTPTR_TYPE)));
+  if (UINTPTR_TYPE)
+    uintptr_type_node =
+      TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (c_get_ident (UINTPTR_TYPE)));
+
+  default_function_type = build_function_type (integer_type_node, NULL_TREE);
+  ptrdiff_type_node
+    = TREE_TYPE (identifier_global_value (get_identifier (PTRDIFF_TYPE)));
+  unsigned_ptrdiff_type_node = c_common_unsigned_type (ptrdiff_type_node);
+
+  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl
+    (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+		 TYPE_DECL, get_identifier ("__builtin_va_list"),
+		 va_list_type_node));
+  if (targetm.enum_va_list_p)
+    {
+      int l;
+      const char *pname;
+      tree ptype;
+
+      for (l = 0; targetm.enum_va_list_p (l, &pname, &ptype); ++l)
+	{
+	  lang_hooks.decls.pushdecl
+	    (build_decl (UNKNOWN_LOCATION,
+		         TYPE_DECL, get_identifier (pname),
+	  	         ptype));
+
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (va_list_type_node) == ARRAY_TYPE)
+    {
+      va_list_arg_type_node = va_list_ref_type_node =
+	build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (va_list_type_node));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      va_list_arg_type_node = va_list_type_node;
+      va_list_ref_type_node = build_reference_type (va_list_type_node);
+    }
+
+  if (!flag_preprocess_only)
+    c_define_builtins (va_list_ref_type_node, va_list_arg_type_node);
+
+  main_identifier_node = get_identifier ("main");
+
+  /* Create the built-in __null node.  It is important that this is
+     not shared.  */
+  null_node = make_node (INTEGER_CST);
+  TREE_TYPE (null_node) = c_common_type_for_size (POINTER_SIZE, 0);
+
+  /* Since builtin_types isn't gc'ed, don't export these nodes.  */
+  memset (builtin_types, 0, sizeof (builtin_types));
+}
+
+/* The number of named compound-literals generated thus far.  */
+static GTY(()) int compound_literal_number;
+
+/* Set DECL_NAME for DECL, a VAR_DECL for a compound-literal.  */
+
+void
+set_compound_literal_name (tree decl)
+{
+  char *name;
+  ASM_FORMAT_PRIVATE_NAME (name, "__compound_literal",
+			   compound_literal_number);
+  compound_literal_number++;
+  DECL_NAME (decl) = get_identifier (name);
+}
+
+tree
+build_va_arg (location_t loc, tree expr, tree type)
+{
+  expr = build1 (VA_ARG_EXPR, type, expr);
+  SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, loc);
+  return expr;
+}
+
+
+/* Linked list of disabled built-in functions.  */
+
+typedef struct disabled_builtin
+{
+  const char *name;
+  struct disabled_builtin *next;
+} disabled_builtin;
+static disabled_builtin *disabled_builtins = NULL;
+
+static bool builtin_function_disabled_p (const char *);
+
+/* Disable a built-in function specified by -fno-builtin-NAME.  If NAME
+   begins with "__builtin_", give an error.  */
+
+void
+disable_builtin_function (const char *name)
+{
+  if (strncmp (name, "__builtin_", strlen ("__builtin_")) == 0)
+    error ("cannot disable built-in function %qs", name);
+  else
+    {
+      disabled_builtin *new_disabled_builtin = XNEW (disabled_builtin);
+      new_disabled_builtin->name = name;
+      new_disabled_builtin->next = disabled_builtins;
+      disabled_builtins = new_disabled_builtin;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* Return true if the built-in function NAME has been disabled, false
+   otherwise.  */
+
+static bool
+builtin_function_disabled_p (const char *name)
+{
+  disabled_builtin *p;
+  for (p = disabled_builtins; p != NULL; p = p->next)
+    {
+      if (strcmp (name, p->name) == 0)
+	return true;
+    }
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+/* Worker for DEF_BUILTIN.
+   Possibly define a builtin function with one or two names.
+   Does not declare a non-__builtin_ function if flag_no_builtin, or if
+   nonansi_p and flag_no_nonansi_builtin.  */
+
+static void
+def_builtin_1 (enum built_in_function fncode,
+	       const char *name,
+	       enum built_in_class fnclass,
+	       tree fntype, tree libtype,
+	       bool both_p, bool fallback_p, bool nonansi_p,
+	       tree fnattrs, bool implicit_p)
+{
+  tree decl;
+  const char *libname;
+
+  if (fntype == error_mark_node)
+    return;
+
+  gcc_assert ((!both_p && !fallback_p)
+	      || !strncmp (name, "__builtin_",
+			   strlen ("__builtin_")));
+
+  libname = name + strlen ("__builtin_");
+  decl = add_builtin_function (name, fntype, fncode, fnclass,
+			       (fallback_p ? libname : NULL),
+			       fnattrs);
+  if (both_p
+      && !flag_no_builtin && !builtin_function_disabled_p (libname)
+      && !(nonansi_p && flag_no_nonansi_builtin))
+    add_builtin_function (libname, libtype, fncode, fnclass,
+			  NULL, fnattrs);
+
+  built_in_decls[(int) fncode] = decl;
+  if (implicit_p)
+    implicit_built_in_decls[(int) fncode] = decl;
+}
+
+/* Nonzero if the type T promotes to int.  This is (nearly) the
+   integral promotions defined in ISO C99 6.3.1.1/2.  */
+
+bool
+c_promoting_integer_type_p (const_tree t)
+{
+  switch (TREE_CODE (t))
+    {
+    case INTEGER_TYPE:
+      return (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t) == char_type_node
+	      || TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t) == signed_char_type_node
+	      || TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t) == unsigned_char_type_node
+	      || TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t) == short_integer_type_node
+	      || TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t) == short_unsigned_type_node
+	      || TYPE_PRECISION (t) < TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node));
+
+    case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
+      /* ??? Technically all enumerations not larger than an int
+	 promote to an int.  But this is used along code paths
+	 that only want to notice a size change.  */
+      return TYPE_PRECISION (t) < TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node);
+
+    case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
+      return 1;
+
+    default:
+      return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if PARMS specifies a fixed number of parameters
+   and none of their types is affected by default promotions.  */
+
+int
+self_promoting_args_p (const_tree parms)
+{
+  const_tree t;
+  for (t = parms; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
+    {
+      tree type = TREE_VALUE (t);
+
+      if (type == error_mark_node)
+	continue;
+
+      if (TREE_CHAIN (t) == 0 && type != void_type_node)
+	return 0;
+
+      if (type == 0)
+	return 0;
+
+      if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type) == float_type_node)
+	return 0;
+
+      if (c_promoting_integer_type_p (type))
+	return 0;
+    }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* Recursively remove any '*' or '&' operator from TYPE.  */
+tree
+strip_pointer_operator (tree t)
+{
+  while (POINTER_TYPE_P (t))
+    t = TREE_TYPE (t);
+  return t;
+}
+
+/* Recursively remove pointer or array type from TYPE. */
+tree
+strip_pointer_or_array_types (tree t)
+{
+  while (TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_TYPE || POINTER_TYPE_P (t))
+    t = TREE_TYPE (t);
+  return t;
+}
+
+/* Used to compare case labels.  K1 and K2 are actually tree nodes
+   representing case labels, or NULL_TREE for a `default' label.
+   Returns -1 if K1 is ordered before K2, -1 if K1 is ordered after
+   K2, and 0 if K1 and K2 are equal.  */
+
+int
+case_compare (splay_tree_key k1, splay_tree_key k2)
+{
+  /* Consider a NULL key (such as arises with a `default' label) to be
+     smaller than anything else.  */
+  if (!k1)
+    return k2 ? -1 : 0;
+  else if (!k2)
+    return k1 ? 1 : 0;
+
+  return tree_int_cst_compare ((tree) k1, (tree) k2);
+}
+
+/* Process a case label, located at LOC, for the range LOW_VALUE
+   ... HIGH_VALUE.  If LOW_VALUE and HIGH_VALUE are both NULL_TREE
+   then this case label is actually a `default' label.  If only
+   HIGH_VALUE is NULL_TREE, then case label was declared using the
+   usual C/C++ syntax, rather than the GNU case range extension.
+   CASES is a tree containing all the case ranges processed so far;
+   COND is the condition for the switch-statement itself.  Returns the
+   CASE_LABEL_EXPR created, or ERROR_MARK_NODE if no CASE_LABEL_EXPR
+   is created.  */
+
+tree
+c_add_case_label (location_t loc, splay_tree cases, tree cond, tree orig_type,
+		  tree low_value, tree high_value)
+{
+  tree type;
+  tree label;
+  tree case_label;
+  splay_tree_node node;
+
+  /* Create the LABEL_DECL itself.  */
+  label = create_artificial_label (loc);
+
+  /* If there was an error processing the switch condition, bail now
+     before we get more confused.  */
+  if (!cond || cond == error_mark_node)
+    goto error_out;
+
+  if ((low_value && TREE_TYPE (low_value)
+       && POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (low_value)))
+      || (high_value && TREE_TYPE (high_value)
+	  && POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (high_value))))
+    {
+      error_at (loc, "pointers are not permitted as case values");
+      goto error_out;
+    }
+
+  /* Case ranges are a GNU extension.  */
+  if (high_value)
+    pedwarn (loc, OPT_pedantic,
+	     "range expressions in switch statements are non-standard");
+
+  type = TREE_TYPE (cond);
+  if (low_value)
+    {
+      low_value = check_case_value (low_value);
+      low_value = convert_and_check (type, low_value);
+      if (low_value == error_mark_node)
+	goto error_out;
+    }
+  if (high_value)
+    {
+      high_value = check_case_value (high_value);
+      high_value = convert_and_check (type, high_value);
+      if (high_value == error_mark_node)
+	goto error_out;
+    }
+
+  if (low_value && high_value)
+    {
+      /* If the LOW_VALUE and HIGH_VALUE are the same, then this isn't
+	 really a case range, even though it was written that way.
+	 Remove the HIGH_VALUE to simplify later processing.  */
+      if (tree_int_cst_equal (low_value, high_value))
+	high_value = NULL_TREE;
+      else if (!tree_int_cst_lt (low_value, high_value))
+	warning_at (loc, 0, "empty range specified");
+    }
+
+  /* See if the case is in range of the type of the original testing
+     expression.  If both low_value and high_value are out of range,
+     don't insert the case label and return NULL_TREE.  */
+  if (low_value
+      && !check_case_bounds (type, orig_type,
+			     &low_value, high_value ? &high_value : NULL))
+    return NULL_TREE;
+
+  /* Look up the LOW_VALUE in the table of case labels we already
+     have.  */
+  node = splay_tree_lookup (cases, (splay_tree_key) low_value);
+  /* If there was not an exact match, check for overlapping ranges.
+     There's no need to do this if there's no LOW_VALUE or HIGH_VALUE;
+     that's a `default' label and the only overlap is an exact match.  */
+  if (!node && (low_value || high_value))
+    {
+      splay_tree_node low_bound;
+      splay_tree_node high_bound;
+
+      /* Even though there wasn't an exact match, there might be an
+	 overlap between this case range and another case range.
+	 Since we've (inductively) not allowed any overlapping case
+	 ranges, we simply need to find the greatest low case label
+	 that is smaller that LOW_VALUE, and the smallest low case
+	 label that is greater than LOW_VALUE.  If there is an overlap
+	 it will occur in one of these two ranges.  */
+      low_bound = splay_tree_predecessor (cases,
+					  (splay_tree_key) low_value);
+      high_bound = splay_tree_successor (cases,
+					 (splay_tree_key) low_value);
+
+      /* Check to see if the LOW_BOUND overlaps.  It is smaller than
+	 the LOW_VALUE, so there is no need to check unless the
+	 LOW_BOUND is in fact itself a case range.  */
+      if (low_bound
+	  && CASE_HIGH ((tree) low_bound->value)
+	  && tree_int_cst_compare (CASE_HIGH ((tree) low_bound->value),
+				    low_value) >= 0)
+	node = low_bound;
+      /* Check to see if the HIGH_BOUND overlaps.  The low end of that
+	 range is bigger than the low end of the current range, so we
+	 are only interested if the current range is a real range, and
+	 not an ordinary case label.  */
+      else if (high_bound
+	       && high_value
+	       && (tree_int_cst_compare ((tree) high_bound->key,
+					 high_value)
+		   <= 0))
+	node = high_bound;
+    }
+  /* If there was an overlap, issue an error.  */
+  if (node)
+    {
+      tree duplicate = CASE_LABEL ((tree) node->value);
+
+      if (high_value)
+	{
+	  error_at (loc, "duplicate (or overlapping) case value");
+	  error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (duplicate),
+		    "this is the first entry overlapping that value");
+	}
+      else if (low_value)
+	{
+	  error_at (loc, "duplicate case value") ;
+	  error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (duplicate), "previously used here");
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  error_at (loc, "multiple default labels in one switch");
+	  error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (duplicate),
+		    "this is the first default label");
+	}
+      goto error_out;
+    }
+
+  /* Add a CASE_LABEL to the statement-tree.  */
+  case_label = add_stmt (build_case_label (loc, low_value, high_value, label));
+  /* Register this case label in the splay tree.  */
+  splay_tree_insert (cases,
+		     (splay_tree_key) low_value,
+		     (splay_tree_value) case_label);
+
+  return case_label;
+
+ error_out:
+  /* Add a label so that the back-end doesn't think that the beginning of
+     the switch is unreachable.  Note that we do not add a case label, as
+     that just leads to duplicates and thence to failure later on.  */
+  if (!cases->root)
+    {
+      tree t = create_artificial_label (loc);
+      add_stmt (build_stmt (loc, LABEL_EXPR, t));
+    }
+  return error_mark_node;
+}
+
+/* Subroutines of c_do_switch_warnings, called via splay_tree_foreach.
+   Used to verify that case values match up with enumerator values.  */
+
+static void
+match_case_to_enum_1 (tree key, tree type, tree label)
+{
+  char buf[2 + 2*HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT/4 + 1];
+
+  /* ??? Not working too hard to print the double-word value.
+     Should perhaps be done with %lwd in the diagnostic routines?  */
+  if (TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (key) == 0)
+    snprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_UNSIGNED,
+	      TREE_INT_CST_LOW (key));
+  else if (!TYPE_UNSIGNED (type)
+	   && TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (key) == -1
+	   && TREE_INT_CST_LOW (key) != 0)
+    snprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), "-" HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_UNSIGNED,
+	      -TREE_INT_CST_LOW (key));
+  else
+    snprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DOUBLE_HEX,
+	      (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (key),
+	      (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) TREE_INT_CST_LOW (key));
+
+  if (TYPE_NAME (type) == 0)
+    warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (CASE_LABEL (label)),
+		warn_switch ? OPT_Wswitch : OPT_Wswitch_enum,
+		"case value %qs not in enumerated type",
+		buf);
+  else
+    warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (CASE_LABEL (label)),
+		warn_switch ? OPT_Wswitch : OPT_Wswitch_enum,
+		"case value %qs not in enumerated type %qT",
+		buf, type);
+}
+
+/* Subroutine of c_do_switch_warnings, called via splay_tree_foreach.
+   Used to verify that case values match up with enumerator values.  */
+
+static int
+match_case_to_enum (splay_tree_node node, void *data)
+{
+  tree label = (tree) node->value;
+  tree type = (tree) data;
+
+  /* Skip default case.  */
+  if (!CASE_LOW (label))
+    return 0;
+
+  /* If CASE_LOW_SEEN is not set, that means CASE_LOW did not appear
+     when we did our enum->case scan.  Reset our scratch bit after.  */
+  if (!CASE_LOW_SEEN (label))
+    match_case_to_enum_1 (CASE_LOW (label), type, label);
+  else
+    CASE_LOW_SEEN (label) = 0;
+
+  /* If CASE_HIGH is non-null, we have a range.  If CASE_HIGH_SEEN is
+     not set, that means that CASE_HIGH did not appear when we did our
+     enum->case scan.  Reset our scratch bit after.  */
+  if (CASE_HIGH (label))
+    {
+      if (!CASE_HIGH_SEEN (label))
+	match_case_to_enum_1 (CASE_HIGH (label), type, label);
+      else
+	CASE_HIGH_SEEN (label) = 0;
+    }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Handle -Wswitch*.  Called from the front end after parsing the
+   switch construct.  */
+/* ??? Should probably be somewhere generic, since other languages
+   besides C and C++ would want this.  At the moment, however, C/C++
+   are the only tree-ssa languages that support enumerations at all,
+   so the point is moot.  */
+
+void
+c_do_switch_warnings (splay_tree cases, location_t switch_location,
+		      tree type, tree cond)
+{
+  splay_tree_node default_node;
+  splay_tree_node node;
+  tree chain;
+
+  if (!warn_switch && !warn_switch_enum && !warn_switch_default)
+    return;
+
+  default_node = splay_tree_lookup (cases, (splay_tree_key) NULL);
+  if (!default_node)
+    warning_at (switch_location, OPT_Wswitch_default,
+		"switch missing default case");
+
+  /* From here on, we only care about about enumerated types.  */
+  if (!type || TREE_CODE (type) != ENUMERAL_TYPE)
+    return;
+
+  /* From here on, we only care about -Wswitch and -Wswitch-enum.  */
+  if (!warn_switch_enum && !warn_switch)
+    return;
+
+  /* Check the cases.  Warn about case values which are not members of
+     the enumerated type.  For -Wswitch-enum, or for -Wswitch when
+     there is no default case, check that exactly all enumeration
+     literals are covered by the cases.  */
+
+  /* Clearing COND if it is not an integer constant simplifies
+     the tests inside the loop below.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (cond) != INTEGER_CST)
+    cond = NULL_TREE;
+
+  /* The time complexity here is O(N*lg(N)) worst case, but for the
+      common case of monotonically increasing enumerators, it is
+      O(N), since the nature of the splay tree will keep the next
+      element adjacent to the root at all times.  */
+
+  for (chain = TYPE_VALUES (type); chain; chain = TREE_CHAIN (chain))
+    {
+      tree value = TREE_VALUE (chain);
+      if (TREE_CODE (value) == CONST_DECL)
+        value = DECL_INITIAL (value);
+      node = splay_tree_lookup (cases, (splay_tree_key) value);
+      if (node)
+	{
+	  /* Mark the CASE_LOW part of the case entry as seen.  */
+	  tree label = (tree) node->value;
+	  CASE_LOW_SEEN (label) = 1;
+	  continue;
+	}
+
+      /* Even though there wasn't an exact match, there might be a
+	 case range which includes the enumerator's value.  */
+      node = splay_tree_predecessor (cases, (splay_tree_key) value);
+      if (node && CASE_HIGH ((tree) node->value))
+	{
+	  tree label = (tree) node->value;
+	  int cmp = tree_int_cst_compare (CASE_HIGH (label), value);
+	  if (cmp >= 0)
+	    {
+	      /* If we match the upper bound exactly, mark the CASE_HIGH
+		 part of the case entry as seen.  */
+	      if (cmp == 0)
+		CASE_HIGH_SEEN (label) = 1;
+	      continue;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* We've now determined that this enumerated literal isn't
+	 handled by the case labels of the switch statement.  */
+
+      /* If the switch expression is a constant, we only really care
+	 about whether that constant is handled by the switch.  */
+      if (cond && tree_int_cst_compare (cond, value))
+	continue;
+
+      /* If there is a default_node, the only relevant option is
+	 Wswitch-enum.  Otherwise, if both are enabled then we prefer
+	 to warn using -Wswitch because -Wswitch is enabled by -Wall
+	 while -Wswitch-enum is explicit.  */
+      warning_at (switch_location,
+		  (default_node || !warn_switch
+		   ? OPT_Wswitch_enum
+		   : OPT_Wswitch),
+		  "enumeration value %qE not handled in switch",
+		  TREE_PURPOSE (chain));
+    }
+
+  /* Warn if there are case expressions that don't correspond to
+     enumerators.  This can occur since C and C++ don't enforce
+     type-checking of assignments to enumeration variables.
+
+     The time complexity here is now always O(N) worst case, since
+     we should have marked both the lower bound and upper bound of
+     every disjoint case label, with CASE_LOW_SEEN and CASE_HIGH_SEEN
+     above.  This scan also resets those fields.  */
+
+  splay_tree_foreach (cases, match_case_to_enum, type);
+}
+
+/* Finish an expression taking the address of LABEL (an
+   IDENTIFIER_NODE).  Returns an expression for the address.
+
+   LOC is the location for the expression returned.  */
+
+tree
+finish_label_address_expr (tree label, location_t loc)
+{
+  tree result;
+
+  pedwarn (input_location, OPT_pedantic, "taking the address of a label is non-standard");
+
+  if (label == error_mark_node)
+    return error_mark_node;
+
+  label = lookup_label (label);
+  if (label == NULL_TREE)
+    result = null_pointer_node;
+  else
+    {
+      TREE_USED (label) = 1;
+      result = build1 (ADDR_EXPR, ptr_type_node, label);
+      /* The current function is not necessarily uninlinable.
+	 Computed gotos are incompatible with inlining, but the value
+	 here could be used only in a diagnostic, for example.  */
+      protected_set_expr_location (result, loc);
+    }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+/* Given a boolean expression ARG, return a tree representing an increment
+   or decrement (as indicated by CODE) of ARG.  The front end must check for
+   invalid cases (e.g., decrement in C++).  */
+tree
+boolean_increment (enum tree_code code, tree arg)
+{
+  tree val;
+  tree true_res = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (arg), 1);
+
+  arg = stabilize_reference (arg);
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
+      val = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), arg, true_res);
+      break;
+    case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
+      val = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), arg, true_res);
+      arg = save_expr (arg);
+      val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), val, arg);
+      val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), arg, val);
+      break;
+    case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
+      val = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), arg,
+		    invert_truthvalue_loc (input_location, arg));
+      break;
+    case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
+      val = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), arg,
+		    invert_truthvalue_loc (input_location, arg));
+      arg = save_expr (arg);
+      val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), val, arg);
+      val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg), arg, val);
+      break;
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+  TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (val) = 1;
+  return val;
+}
+
+/* Built-in macros for stddef.h and stdint.h, that require macros
+   defined in this file.  */
+void
+c_stddef_cpp_builtins(void)
+{
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__SIZE_TYPE__", SIZE_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__PTRDIFF_TYPE__", PTRDIFF_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__WCHAR_TYPE__", MODIFIED_WCHAR_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__WINT_TYPE__", WINT_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__INTMAX_TYPE__", INTMAX_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__UINTMAX_TYPE__", UINTMAX_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__CHAR16_TYPE__", CHAR16_TYPE, 0);
+  builtin_define_with_value ("__CHAR32_TYPE__", CHAR32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (SIG_ATOMIC_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__SIG_ATOMIC_TYPE__", SIG_ATOMIC_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT8_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT8_TYPE__", INT8_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT16_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT16_TYPE__", INT16_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT32_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT32_TYPE__", INT32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT64_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT64_TYPE__", INT64_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT8_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT8_TYPE__", UINT8_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT16_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT16_TYPE__", UINT16_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT32_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT32_TYPE__", UINT32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT64_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT64_TYPE__", UINT64_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_LEAST8_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_LEAST8_TYPE__", INT_LEAST8_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_LEAST16_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_LEAST16_TYPE__", INT_LEAST16_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_LEAST32_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_LEAST32_TYPE__", INT_LEAST32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_LEAST64_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_LEAST64_TYPE__", INT_LEAST64_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_LEAST8_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_LEAST8_TYPE__", UINT_LEAST8_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_LEAST16_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_LEAST16_TYPE__", UINT_LEAST16_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_LEAST32_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_LEAST32_TYPE__", UINT_LEAST32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_LEAST64_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_LEAST64_TYPE__", UINT_LEAST64_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_FAST8_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_FAST8_TYPE__", INT_FAST8_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_FAST16_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_FAST16_TYPE__", INT_FAST16_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_FAST32_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_FAST32_TYPE__", INT_FAST32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INT_FAST64_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INT_FAST64_TYPE__", INT_FAST64_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_FAST8_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_FAST8_TYPE__", UINT_FAST8_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_FAST16_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_FAST16_TYPE__", UINT_FAST16_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_FAST32_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_FAST32_TYPE__", UINT_FAST32_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINT_FAST64_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINT_FAST64_TYPE__", UINT_FAST64_TYPE, 0);
+  if (INTPTR_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__INTPTR_TYPE__", INTPTR_TYPE, 0);
+  if (UINTPTR_TYPE)
+    builtin_define_with_value ("__UINTPTR_TYPE__", UINTPTR_TYPE, 0);
+}
+
+static void
+c_init_attributes (void)
+{
+  /* Fill in the built_in_attributes array.  */
+#define DEF_ATTR_NULL_TREE(ENUM)				\
+  built_in_attributes[(int) ENUM] = NULL_TREE;
+#define DEF_ATTR_INT(ENUM, VALUE)				\
+  built_in_attributes[(int) ENUM] = build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, VALUE);
+#define DEF_ATTR_IDENT(ENUM, STRING)				\
+  built_in_attributes[(int) ENUM] = get_identifier (STRING);
+#define DEF_ATTR_TREE_LIST(ENUM, PURPOSE, VALUE, CHAIN)	\
+  built_in_attributes[(int) ENUM]			\
+    = tree_cons (built_in_attributes[(int) PURPOSE],	\
+		 built_in_attributes[(int) VALUE],	\
+		 built_in_attributes[(int) CHAIN]);
+#include "builtin-attrs.def"
+#undef DEF_ATTR_NULL_TREE
+#undef DEF_ATTR_INT
+#undef DEF_ATTR_IDENT
+#undef DEF_ATTR_TREE_LIST
+}
+
+/* Returns TRUE iff the attribute indicated by ATTR_ID takes a plain
+   identifier as an argument, so the front end shouldn't look it up.  */
+
+bool
+attribute_takes_identifier_p (const_tree attr_id)
+{
+  const struct attribute_spec *spec = lookup_attribute_spec (attr_id);
+  if (spec == NULL)
+    /* Unknown attribute that we'll end up ignoring, return true so we
+       don't complain about an identifier argument.  */
+    return true;
+  else if (!strcmp ("mode", spec->name)
+	   || !strcmp ("format", spec->name)
+	   || !strcmp ("cleanup", spec->name))
+    return true;
+  else
+    return targetm.attribute_takes_identifier_p (attr_id);
+}
+
+/* Attribute handlers common to C front ends.  */
+
+/* Handle a "packed" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_packed_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			 int flags, bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TYPE_P (*node))
+    {
+      if (!(flags & (int) ATTR_FLAG_TYPE_IN_PLACE))
+	*node = build_variant_type_copy (*node);
+      TYPE_PACKED (*node) = 1;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FIELD_DECL)
+    {
+      if (TYPE_ALIGN (TREE_TYPE (*node)) <= BITS_PER_UNIT
+	  /* Still pack bitfields.  */
+	  && ! DECL_INITIAL (*node))
+	warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+		 "%qE attribute ignored for field of type %qT",
+		 name, TREE_TYPE (*node));
+      else
+	DECL_PACKED (*node) = 1;
+    }
+  /* We can't set DECL_PACKED for a VAR_DECL, because the bit is
+     used for DECL_REGISTER.  It wouldn't mean anything anyway.
+     We can't set DECL_PACKED on the type of a TYPE_DECL, because
+     that changes what the typedef is typing.  */
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "nocommon" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_nocommon_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			   tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			   int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == VAR_DECL)
+    DECL_COMMON (*node) = 0;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "common" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_common_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			 int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == VAR_DECL)
+    DECL_COMMON (*node) = 1;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "noreturn" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_noreturn_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			   int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree type = TREE_TYPE (*node);
+
+  /* See FIXME comment in c_common_attribute_table.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      || objc_method_decl (TREE_CODE (*node)))
+    TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*node) = 1;
+  else if (TREE_CODE (type) == POINTER_TYPE
+	   && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
+    TREE_TYPE (*node)
+      = build_pointer_type
+	(build_type_variant (TREE_TYPE (type),
+			     TYPE_READONLY (TREE_TYPE (type)), 1));
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "hot" and attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_hot_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+		      int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      if (lookup_attribute ("cold", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (*node)) != NULL)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute conflicts with attribute %s",
+		   name, "cold");
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+      /* Most of the rest of the hot processing is done later with
+	 lookup_attribute.  */
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+/* Handle a "cold" and attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_cold_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+		       int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      if (lookup_attribute ("hot", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (*node)) != NULL)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute conflicts with attribute %s",
+		   name, "hot");
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+      /* Most of the rest of the cold processing is done later with
+	 lookup_attribute.  */
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "noinline" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_noinline_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			   tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			   int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    DECL_UNINLINABLE (*node) = 1;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "noclone" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_noclone_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			  tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			  int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "always_inline" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_always_inline_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+				tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+				int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+				bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      /* Set the attribute and mark it for disregarding inline
+	 limits.  */
+      DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (*node) = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "gnu_inline" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_gnu_inline_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			     tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			     int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			     bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (*node))
+    {
+      /* Do nothing else, just set the attribute.  We'll get at
+	 it later with lookup_attribute.  */
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "leaf" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_leaf_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+		       tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+		       int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  if (!TREE_PUBLIC (*node))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute has no effect on unit local functions", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle an "artificial" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_artificial_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			     tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			     int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			     bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (*node))
+    {
+      /* Do nothing else, just set the attribute.  We'll get at
+	 it later with lookup_attribute.  */
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "flatten" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_flatten_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			  tree args ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+			  int flags ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    /* Do nothing else, just set the attribute.  We'll get at
+       it later with lookup_attribute.  */
+    ;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "warning" or "error" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_error_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      || TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (args)) == STRING_CST)
+    /* Do nothing else, just set the attribute.  We'll get at
+       it later with lookup_attribute.  */
+    ;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "used" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_used_attribute (tree *pnode, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+		       int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree node = *pnode;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (node) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      || (TREE_CODE (node) == VAR_DECL && TREE_STATIC (node)))
+    {
+      TREE_USED (node) = 1;
+      DECL_PRESERVE_P (node) = 1;
+      if (TREE_CODE (node) == VAR_DECL)
+	DECL_READ_P (node) = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "unused" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_unused_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			 int flags, bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (DECL_P (*node))
+    {
+      tree decl = *node;
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (decl) == PARM_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == LABEL_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL)
+	{
+	  TREE_USED (decl) = 1;
+	  if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
+	      || TREE_CODE (decl) == PARM_DECL)
+	    DECL_READ_P (decl) = 1;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (!(flags & (int) ATTR_FLAG_TYPE_IN_PLACE))
+	*node = build_variant_type_copy (*node);
+      TREE_USED (*node) = 1;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "externally_visible" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_externally_visible_attribute (tree *pnode, tree name,
+				     tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+				     int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+				     bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree node = *pnode;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (node) == FUNCTION_DECL || TREE_CODE (node) == VAR_DECL)
+    {
+      if ((!TREE_STATIC (node) && TREE_CODE (node) != FUNCTION_DECL
+	   && !DECL_EXTERNAL (node)) || !TREE_PUBLIC (node))
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+		   "%qE attribute have effect only on public objects", name);
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "const" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_const_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree type = TREE_TYPE (*node);
+
+  /* See FIXME comment on noreturn in c_common_attribute_table.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    TREE_READONLY (*node) = 1;
+  else if (TREE_CODE (type) == POINTER_TYPE
+	   && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
+    TREE_TYPE (*node)
+      = build_pointer_type
+	(build_type_variant (TREE_TYPE (type), 1,
+			     TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (TREE_TYPE (type))));
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "transparent_union" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_transparent_union_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+				    tree ARG_UNUSED (args), int flags,
+				    bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree type;
+
+  *no_add_attrs = true;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == TYPE_DECL)
+    node = &TREE_TYPE (*node);
+  type = *node;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (type) == UNION_TYPE)
+    {
+      /* When IN_PLACE is set, leave the check for FIELDS and MODE to
+	 the code in finish_struct.  */
+      if (!(flags & (int) ATTR_FLAG_TYPE_IN_PLACE))
+	{
+	  if (TYPE_FIELDS (type) == NULL_TREE
+	      || TYPE_MODE (type) != DECL_MODE (TYPE_FIELDS (type)))
+	    goto ignored;
+
+	  /* A type variant isn't good enough, since we don't a cast
+	     to such a type removed as a no-op.  */
+	  *node = type = build_duplicate_type (type);
+	}
+
+      TYPE_TRANSPARENT_AGGR (type) = 1;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+ ignored:
+  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Subroutine of handle_{con,de}structor_attribute.  Evaluate ARGS to
+   get the requested priority for a constructor or destructor,
+   possibly issuing diagnostics for invalid or reserved
+   priorities.  */
+
+static priority_type
+get_priority (tree args, bool is_destructor)
+{
+  HOST_WIDE_INT pri;
+  tree arg;
+
+  if (!args)
+    return DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY;
+
+  if (!SUPPORTS_INIT_PRIORITY)
+    {
+      if (is_destructor)
+	error ("destructor priorities are not supported");
+      else
+	error ("constructor priorities are not supported");
+      return DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY;
+    }
+
+  arg = TREE_VALUE (args);
+  if (!host_integerp (arg, /*pos=*/0)
+      || !INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (arg)))
+    goto invalid;
+
+  pri = tree_low_cst (TREE_VALUE (args), /*pos=*/0);
+  if (pri < 0 || pri > MAX_INIT_PRIORITY)
+    goto invalid;
+
+  if (pri <= MAX_RESERVED_INIT_PRIORITY)
+    {
+      if (is_destructor)
+	warning (0,
+		 "destructor priorities from 0 to %d are reserved "
+		 "for the implementation",
+		 MAX_RESERVED_INIT_PRIORITY);
+      else
+	warning (0,
+		 "constructor priorities from 0 to %d are reserved "
+		 "for the implementation",
+		 MAX_RESERVED_INIT_PRIORITY);
+    }
+  return pri;
+
+ invalid:
+  if (is_destructor)
+    error ("destructor priorities must be integers from 0 to %d inclusive",
+	   MAX_INIT_PRIORITY);
+  else
+    error ("constructor priorities must be integers from 0 to %d inclusive",
+	   MAX_INIT_PRIORITY);
+  return DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "constructor" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_constructor_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			      int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			      bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+  tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      && TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE
+      && decl_function_context (decl) == 0)
+    {
+      priority_type priority;
+      DECL_STATIC_CONSTRUCTOR (decl) = 1;
+      priority = get_priority (args, /*is_destructor=*/false);
+      SET_DECL_INIT_PRIORITY (decl, priority);
+      TREE_USED (decl) = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "destructor" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_destructor_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			     int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			     bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+  tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      && TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE
+      && decl_function_context (decl) == 0)
+    {
+      priority_type priority;
+      DECL_STATIC_DESTRUCTOR (decl) = 1;
+      priority = get_priority (args, /*is_destructor=*/true);
+      SET_DECL_FINI_PRIORITY (decl, priority);
+      TREE_USED (decl) = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Nonzero if the mode is a valid vector mode for this architecture.
+   This returns nonzero even if there is no hardware support for the
+   vector mode, but we can emulate with narrower modes.  */
+
+static int
+vector_mode_valid_p (enum machine_mode mode)
+{
+  enum mode_class mclass = GET_MODE_CLASS (mode);
+  enum machine_mode innermode;
+
+  /* Doh!  What's going on?  */
+  if (mclass != MODE_VECTOR_INT
+      && mclass != MODE_VECTOR_FLOAT
+      && mclass != MODE_VECTOR_FRACT
+      && mclass != MODE_VECTOR_UFRACT
+      && mclass != MODE_VECTOR_ACCUM
+      && mclass != MODE_VECTOR_UACCUM)
+    return 0;
+
+  /* Hardware support.  Woo hoo!  */
+  if (targetm.vector_mode_supported_p (mode))
+    return 1;
+
+  innermode = GET_MODE_INNER (mode);
+
+  /* We should probably return 1 if requesting V4DI and we have no DI,
+     but we have V2DI, but this is probably very unlikely.  */
+
+  /* If we have support for the inner mode, we can safely emulate it.
+     We may not have V2DI, but me can emulate with a pair of DIs.  */
+  return targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (innermode);
+}
+
+
+/* Handle a "mode" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_mode_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+		       int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree type = *node;
+  tree ident = TREE_VALUE (args);
+
+  *no_add_attrs = true;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (ident) != IDENTIFIER_NODE)
+    warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+  else
+    {
+      int j;
+      const char *p = IDENTIFIER_POINTER (ident);
+      int len = strlen (p);
+      enum machine_mode mode = VOIDmode;
+      tree typefm;
+      bool valid_mode;
+
+      if (len > 4 && p[0] == '_' && p[1] == '_'
+	  && p[len - 1] == '_' && p[len - 2] == '_')
+	{
+	  char *newp = (char *) alloca (len - 1);
+
+	  strcpy (newp, &p[2]);
+	  newp[len - 4] = '\0';
+	  p = newp;
+	}
+
+      /* Change this type to have a type with the specified mode.
+	 First check for the special modes.  */
+      if (!strcmp (p, "byte"))
+	mode = byte_mode;
+      else if (!strcmp (p, "word"))
+	mode = word_mode;
+      else if (!strcmp (p, "pointer"))
+	mode = ptr_mode;
+      else if (!strcmp (p, "libgcc_cmp_return"))
+	mode = targetm.libgcc_cmp_return_mode ();
+      else if (!strcmp (p, "libgcc_shift_count"))
+	mode = targetm.libgcc_shift_count_mode ();
+      else if (!strcmp (p, "unwind_word"))
+	mode = targetm.unwind_word_mode ();
+      else
+	for (j = 0; j < NUM_MACHINE_MODES; j++)
+	  if (!strcmp (p, GET_MODE_NAME (j)))
+	    {
+	      mode = (enum machine_mode) j;
+	      break;
+	    }
+
+      if (mode == VOIDmode)
+	{
+	  error ("unknown machine mode %qE", ident);
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+
+      valid_mode = false;
+      switch (GET_MODE_CLASS (mode))
+	{
+	case MODE_INT:
+	case MODE_PARTIAL_INT:
+	case MODE_FLOAT:
+	case MODE_DECIMAL_FLOAT:
+	case MODE_FRACT:
+	case MODE_UFRACT:
+	case MODE_ACCUM:
+	case MODE_UACCUM:
+	  valid_mode = targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (mode);
+	  break;
+
+	case MODE_COMPLEX_INT:
+	case MODE_COMPLEX_FLOAT:
+	  valid_mode = targetm.scalar_mode_supported_p (GET_MODE_INNER (mode));
+	  break;
+
+	case MODE_VECTOR_INT:
+	case MODE_VECTOR_FLOAT:
+	case MODE_VECTOR_FRACT:
+	case MODE_VECTOR_UFRACT:
+	case MODE_VECTOR_ACCUM:
+	case MODE_VECTOR_UACCUM:
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "specifying vector types with "
+		   "__attribute__ ((mode)) is deprecated");
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+		   "use __attribute__ ((vector_size)) instead");
+	  valid_mode = vector_mode_valid_p (mode);
+	  break;
+
+	default:
+	  break;
+	}
+      if (!valid_mode)
+	{
+	  error ("unable to emulate %qs", p);
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+
+      if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type))
+	{
+	  addr_space_t as = TYPE_ADDR_SPACE (TREE_TYPE (type));
+	  tree (*fn)(tree, enum machine_mode, bool);
+
+	  if (!targetm.addr_space.valid_pointer_mode (mode, as))
+	    {
+	      error ("invalid pointer mode %qs", p);
+	      return NULL_TREE;
+	    }
+
+	  if (TREE_CODE (type) == POINTER_TYPE)
+	    fn = build_pointer_type_for_mode;
+	  else
+	    fn = build_reference_type_for_mode;
+	  typefm = fn (TREE_TYPE (type), mode, false);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* For fixed-point modes, we need to test if the signness of type
+	     and the machine mode are consistent.  */
+	  if (ALL_FIXED_POINT_MODE_P (mode)
+	      && TYPE_UNSIGNED (type) != UNSIGNED_FIXED_POINT_MODE_P (mode))
+	    {
+	      error ("signedness of type and machine mode %qs don%'t match", p);
+	      return NULL_TREE;
+	    }
+	  /* For fixed-point modes, we need to pass saturating info.  */
+	  typefm = lang_hooks.types.type_for_mode (mode,
+			ALL_FIXED_POINT_MODE_P (mode) ? TYPE_SATURATING (type)
+						      : TYPE_UNSIGNED (type));
+	}
+
+      if (typefm == NULL_TREE)
+	{
+	  error ("no data type for mode %qs", p);
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+      else if (TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
+	{
+	  /* For enumeral types, copy the precision from the integer
+	     type returned above.  If not an INTEGER_TYPE, we can't use
+	     this mode for this type.  */
+	  if (TREE_CODE (typefm) != INTEGER_TYPE)
+	    {
+	      error ("cannot use mode %qs for enumeral types", p);
+	      return NULL_TREE;
+	    }
+
+	  if (flags & ATTR_FLAG_TYPE_IN_PLACE)
+	    {
+	      TYPE_PRECISION (type) = TYPE_PRECISION (typefm);
+	      typefm = type;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      /* We cannot build a type variant, as there's code that assumes
+		 that TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT has the same mode.  This includes the
+		 debug generators.  Instead, create a subrange type.  This
+		 results in all of the enumeral values being emitted only once
+		 in the original, and the subtype gets them by reference.  */
+	      if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (type))
+		typefm = make_unsigned_type (TYPE_PRECISION (typefm));
+	      else
+		typefm = make_signed_type (TYPE_PRECISION (typefm));
+	      TREE_TYPE (typefm) = type;
+	    }
+	}
+      else if (VECTOR_MODE_P (mode)
+	       ? TREE_CODE (type) != TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (typefm))
+	       : TREE_CODE (type) != TREE_CODE (typefm))
+	{
+	  error ("mode %qs applied to inappropriate type", p);
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+
+      *node = typefm;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "section" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_section_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name), tree args,
+			  int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+
+  if (targetm.have_named_sections)
+    {
+      user_defined_section_attribute = true;
+
+      if ((TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
+	   || TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
+	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (args)) == STRING_CST)
+	{
+	  if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
+	      && current_function_decl != NULL_TREE
+	      && !TREE_STATIC (decl))
+	    {
+	      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+			"section attribute cannot be specified for "
+			"local variables");
+	      *no_add_attrs = true;
+	    }
+
+	  /* The decl may have already been given a section attribute
+	     from a previous declaration.  Ensure they match.  */
+	  else if (DECL_SECTION_NAME (decl) != NULL_TREE
+		   && strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (DECL_SECTION_NAME (decl)),
+			      TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (args))) != 0)
+	    {
+	      error ("section of %q+D conflicts with previous declaration",
+		     *node);
+	      *no_add_attrs = true;
+	    }
+	  else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
+		   && !targetm.have_tls && targetm.emutls.tmpl_section
+		   && DECL_THREAD_LOCAL_P (decl))
+	    {
+	      error ("section of %q+D cannot be overridden", *node);
+	      *no_add_attrs = true;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    DECL_SECTION_NAME (decl) = TREE_VALUE (args);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  error ("section attribute not allowed for %q+D", *node);
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (*node),
+		"section attributes are not supported for this target");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "aligned" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_aligned_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name), tree args,
+			  int flags, bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = NULL_TREE;
+  tree *type = NULL;
+  int is_type = 0;
+  tree align_expr = (args ? TREE_VALUE (args)
+		     : size_int (ATTRIBUTE_ALIGNED_VALUE / BITS_PER_UNIT));
+  int i;
+
+  if (DECL_P (*node))
+    {
+      decl = *node;
+      type = &TREE_TYPE (decl);
+      is_type = TREE_CODE (*node) == TYPE_DECL;
+    }
+  else if (TYPE_P (*node))
+    type = node, is_type = 1;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (align_expr) != INTEGER_CST)
+    {
+      error ("requested alignment is not a constant");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if ((i = tree_log2 (align_expr)) == -1)
+    {
+      error ("requested alignment is not a power of 2");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (i >= HOST_BITS_PER_INT - BITS_PER_UNIT_LOG)
+    {
+      error ("requested alignment is too large");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (is_type)
+    {
+      if ((flags & (int) ATTR_FLAG_TYPE_IN_PLACE))
+	/* OK, modify the type in place.  */;
+      /* If we have a TYPE_DECL, then copy the type, so that we
+	 don't accidentally modify a builtin type.  See pushdecl.  */
+      else if (decl && TREE_TYPE (decl) != error_mark_node
+	       && DECL_ORIGINAL_TYPE (decl) == NULL_TREE)
+	{
+	  tree tt = TREE_TYPE (decl);
+	  *type = build_variant_type_copy (*type);
+	  DECL_ORIGINAL_TYPE (decl) = tt;
+	  TYPE_NAME (*type) = decl;
+	  TREE_USED (*type) = TREE_USED (decl);
+	  TREE_TYPE (decl) = *type;
+	}
+      else
+	*type = build_variant_type_copy (*type);
+
+      TYPE_ALIGN (*type) = (1U << i) * BITS_PER_UNIT;
+      TYPE_USER_ALIGN (*type) = 1;
+    }
+  else if (! VAR_OR_FUNCTION_DECL_P (decl)
+	   && TREE_CODE (decl) != FIELD_DECL)
+    {
+      error ("alignment may not be specified for %q+D", decl);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
+	   && DECL_ALIGN (decl) > (1U << i) * BITS_PER_UNIT)
+    {
+      if (DECL_USER_ALIGN (decl))
+	error ("alignment for %q+D was previously specified as %d "
+	       "and may not be decreased", decl,
+	       DECL_ALIGN (decl) / BITS_PER_UNIT);
+      else
+	error ("alignment for %q+D must be at least %d", decl,
+	       DECL_ALIGN (decl) / BITS_PER_UNIT);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      DECL_ALIGN (decl) = (1U << i) * BITS_PER_UNIT;
+      DECL_USER_ALIGN (decl) = 1;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "weak" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_weak_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+		       tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+		       int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+		       bool * ARG_UNUSED (no_add_attrs))
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      && DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (*node))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "inline function %q+D declared weak", *node);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (lookup_attribute ("ifunc", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (*node)))
+    {
+      error ("indirect function %q+D cannot be declared weak", *node);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL
+	   || TREE_CODE (*node) == VAR_DECL)
+    declare_weak (*node);
+  else
+    warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle an "alias" or "ifunc" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler, except that IS_ALIAS tells us
+   whether this is an alias as opposed to ifunc attribute.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_alias_ifunc_attribute (bool is_alias, tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			      bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL
+      && (!is_alias || TREE_CODE (decl) != VAR_DECL))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if ((TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_INITIAL (decl))
+      || (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL
+	  && TREE_PUBLIC (decl) && !DECL_EXTERNAL (decl))
+      /* A static variable declaration is always a tentative definition,
+	 but the alias is a non-tentative definition which overrides.  */
+      || (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL
+	  && ! TREE_PUBLIC (decl) && DECL_INITIAL (decl)))
+    {
+      error ("%q+D defined both normally and as %qE attribute", decl, name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+  else if (!is_alias
+	   && (lookup_attribute ("weak", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl)) 
+	       || lookup_attribute ("weakref", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl))))
+    {
+      error ("weak %q+D cannot be defined %qE", decl, name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }			 
+
+  /* Note that the very first time we process a nested declaration,
+     decl_function_context will not be set.  Indeed, *would* never
+     be set except for the DECL_INITIAL/DECL_EXTERNAL frobbery that
+     we do below.  After such frobbery, pushdecl would set the context.
+     In any case, this is never what we want.  */
+  else if (decl_function_context (decl) == 0 && current_function_decl == NULL)
+    {
+      tree id;
+
+      id = TREE_VALUE (args);
+      if (TREE_CODE (id) != STRING_CST)
+	{
+	  error ("attribute %qE argument not a string", name);
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+      id = get_identifier (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id));
+      /* This counts as a use of the object pointed to.  */
+      TREE_USED (id) = 1;
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+	DECL_INITIAL (decl) = error_mark_node;
+      else
+	{
+	  if (lookup_attribute ("weakref", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl)))
+	    DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 1;
+	  else
+	    DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 0;
+	  TREE_STATIC (decl) = 1;
+	}
+
+      if (!is_alias)
+	/* ifuncs are also aliases, so set that attribute too. */
+	DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl)
+	  = tree_cons (get_identifier ("alias"), args, DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle an "alias" or "ifunc" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_ifunc_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  return handle_alias_ifunc_attribute (false, node, name, args, no_add_attrs);
+}
+
+/* Handle an "alias" or "ifunc" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_alias_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  return handle_alias_ifunc_attribute (true, node, name, args, no_add_attrs);
+}
+
+/* Handle a "weakref" attribute; arguments as in struct
+   attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_weakref_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name), tree args,
+			  int flags, bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree attr = NULL_TREE;
+
+  /* We must ignore the attribute when it is associated with
+     local-scoped decls, since attribute alias is ignored and many
+     such symbols do not even have a DECL_WEAK field.  */
+  if (decl_function_context (*node)
+      || current_function_decl
+      || (TREE_CODE (*node) != VAR_DECL && TREE_CODE (*node) != FUNCTION_DECL))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  if (lookup_attribute ("ifunc", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (*node)))
+    {
+      error ("indirect function %q+D cannot be declared weakref", *node);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /* The idea here is that `weakref("name")' mutates into `weakref,
+     alias("name")', and weakref without arguments, in turn,
+     implicitly adds weak. */
+
+  if (args)
+    {
+      attr = tree_cons (get_identifier ("alias"), args, attr);
+      attr = tree_cons (get_identifier ("weakref"), NULL_TREE, attr);
+
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+
+      decl_attributes (node, attr, flags);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (lookup_attribute ("alias", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (*node)))
+	error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (*node),
+		  "weakref attribute must appear before alias attribute");
+
+      /* Can't call declare_weak because it wants this to be TREE_PUBLIC,
+	 and that isn't supported; and because it wants to add it to
+	 the list of weak decls, which isn't helpful.  */
+      DECL_WEAK (*node) = 1;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle an "visibility" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_visibility_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			     int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			     bool *ARG_UNUSED (no_add_attrs))
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+  tree id = TREE_VALUE (args);
+  enum symbol_visibility vis;
+
+  if (TYPE_P (*node))
+    {
+      if (TREE_CODE (*node) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
+	/* OK */;
+      else if (TREE_CODE (*node) != RECORD_TYPE && TREE_CODE (*node) != UNION_TYPE)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored on non-class types",
+		   name);
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+      else if (TYPE_FIELDS (*node))
+	{
+	  error ("%qE attribute ignored because %qT is already defined",
+		 name, *node);
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+    }
+  else if (decl_function_context (decl) != 0 || !TREE_PUBLIC (decl))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (id) != STRING_CST)
+    {
+      error ("visibility argument not a string");
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /*  If this is a type, set the visibility on the type decl.  */
+  if (TYPE_P (decl))
+    {
+      decl = TYPE_NAME (decl);
+      if (!decl)
+	return NULL_TREE;
+      if (TREE_CODE (decl) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
+	{
+	   warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored on types",
+		    name);
+	   return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "default") == 0)
+    vis = VISIBILITY_DEFAULT;
+  else if (strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "internal") == 0)
+    vis = VISIBILITY_INTERNAL;
+  else if (strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "hidden") == 0)
+    vis = VISIBILITY_HIDDEN;
+  else if (strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "protected") == 0)
+    vis = VISIBILITY_PROTECTED;
+  else
+    {
+      error ("visibility argument must be one of \"default\", \"hidden\", \"protected\" or \"internal\"");
+      vis = VISIBILITY_DEFAULT;
+    }
+
+  if (DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED (decl)
+      && vis != DECL_VISIBILITY (decl))
+    {
+      tree attributes = (TYPE_P (*node)
+			 ? TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (*node)
+			 : DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl));
+      if (lookup_attribute ("visibility", attributes))
+	error ("%qD redeclared with different visibility", decl);
+      else if (TARGET_DLLIMPORT_DECL_ATTRIBUTES
+	       && lookup_attribute ("dllimport", attributes))
+	error ("%qD was declared %qs which implies default visibility",
+	       decl, "dllimport");
+      else if (TARGET_DLLIMPORT_DECL_ATTRIBUTES
+	       && lookup_attribute ("dllexport", attributes))
+	error ("%qD was declared %qs which implies default visibility",
+	       decl, "dllexport");
+    }
+
+  DECL_VISIBILITY (decl) = vis;
+  DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED (decl) = 1;
+
+  /* Go ahead and attach the attribute to the node as well.  This is needed
+     so we can determine whether we have VISIBILITY_DEFAULT because the
+     visibility was not specified, or because it was explicitly overridden
+     from the containing scope.  */
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Determine the ELF symbol visibility for DECL, which is either a
+   variable or a function.  It is an error to use this function if a
+   definition of DECL is not available in this translation unit.
+   Returns true if the final visibility has been determined by this
+   function; false if the caller is free to make additional
+   modifications.  */
+
+bool
+c_determine_visibility (tree decl)
+{
+  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
+	      || TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL);
+
+  /* If the user explicitly specified the visibility with an
+     attribute, honor that.  DECL_VISIBILITY will have been set during
+     the processing of the attribute.  We check for an explicit
+     attribute, rather than just checking DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED,
+     to distinguish the use of an attribute from the use of a "#pragma
+     GCC visibility push(...)"; in the latter case we still want other
+     considerations to be able to overrule the #pragma.  */
+  if (lookup_attribute ("visibility", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl))
+      || (TARGET_DLLIMPORT_DECL_ATTRIBUTES
+	  && (lookup_attribute ("dllimport", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl))
+	      || lookup_attribute ("dllexport", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (decl)))))
+    return true;
+
+  /* Set default visibility to whatever the user supplied with
+     visibility_specified depending on #pragma GCC visibility.  */
+  if (!DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED (decl))
+    {
+      if (visibility_options.inpragma
+	  || DECL_VISIBILITY (decl) != default_visibility)
+	{
+	  DECL_VISIBILITY (decl) = default_visibility;
+	  DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED (decl) = visibility_options.inpragma;
+	  /* If visibility changed and DECL already has DECL_RTL, ensure
+	     symbol flags are updated.  */
+	  if (((TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && TREE_STATIC (decl))
+	       || TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+	      && DECL_RTL_SET_P (decl))
+	    make_decl_rtl (decl);
+	}
+    }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/* Handle an "tls_model" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_tls_model_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			    int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree id;
+  tree decl = *node;
+  enum tls_model kind;
+
+  *no_add_attrs = true;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) != VAR_DECL || !DECL_THREAD_LOCAL_P (decl))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  kind = DECL_TLS_MODEL (decl);
+  id = TREE_VALUE (args);
+  if (TREE_CODE (id) != STRING_CST)
+    {
+      error ("tls_model argument not a string");
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  if (!strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "local-exec"))
+    kind = TLS_MODEL_LOCAL_EXEC;
+  else if (!strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "initial-exec"))
+    kind = TLS_MODEL_INITIAL_EXEC;
+  else if (!strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "local-dynamic"))
+    kind = optimize ? TLS_MODEL_LOCAL_DYNAMIC : TLS_MODEL_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC;
+  else if (!strcmp (TREE_STRING_POINTER (id), "global-dynamic"))
+    kind = TLS_MODEL_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC;
+  else
+    error ("tls_model argument must be one of \"local-exec\", \"initial-exec\", \"local-dynamic\" or \"global-dynamic\"");
+
+  DECL_TLS_MODEL (decl) = kind;
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "no_instrument_function" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_no_instrument_function_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+					 tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+					 int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+					 bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+		"%qE attribute applies only to functions", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (DECL_INITIAL (decl))
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+		"can%'t set %qE attribute after definition", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else
+    DECL_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION_ENTRY_EXIT (decl) = 1;
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "malloc" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_malloc_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			 int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL
+      && POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (*node))))
+    DECL_IS_MALLOC (*node) = 1;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "alloc_size" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_alloc_size_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name), tree args,
+			     int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  unsigned arg_count = type_num_arguments (*node);
+  for (; args; args = TREE_CHAIN (args))
+    {
+      tree position = TREE_VALUE (args);
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (position) != INTEGER_CST
+	  || TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (position)
+	  || TREE_INT_CST_LOW (position) < 1
+	  || TREE_INT_CST_LOW (position) > arg_count )
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+	           "alloc_size parameter outside range");
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+    }
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "fn spec" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_fnspec_attribute (tree *node ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, tree ARG_UNUSED (name),
+			 tree args, int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			 bool *no_add_attrs ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+  gcc_assert (args
+	      && TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (args)) == STRING_CST
+	      && !TREE_CHAIN (args));
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "returns_twice" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_returns_twice_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			 int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    DECL_IS_RETURNS_TWICE (*node) = 1;
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "no_limit_stack" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_no_limit_stack_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+				 tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+				 int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+				 bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+	     "%qE attribute applies only to functions", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (DECL_INITIAL (decl))
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+		"can%'t set %qE attribute after definition", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else
+    DECL_NO_LIMIT_STACK (decl) = 1;
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "pure" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_pure_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+		       int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    DECL_PURE_P (*node) = 1;
+  /* ??? TODO: Support types.  */
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "no vops" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_novops_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name),
+			 tree ARG_UNUSED (args), int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			 bool *ARG_UNUSED (no_add_attrs))
+{
+  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL);
+  DECL_IS_NOVOPS (*node) = 1;
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "deprecated" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_deprecated_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			     tree args, int flags,
+			     bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree type = NULL_TREE;
+  int warn = 0;
+  tree what = NULL_TREE;
+
+  if (!args)
+    *no_add_attrs = true;
+  else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (args)) != STRING_CST)
+    {
+      error ("deprecated message is not a string");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  if (DECL_P (*node))
+    {
+      tree decl = *node;
+      type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == PARM_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
+	  || TREE_CODE (decl) == FIELD_DECL
+	  || objc_method_decl (TREE_CODE (decl)))
+	TREE_DEPRECATED (decl) = 1;
+      else
+	warn = 1;
+    }
+  else if (TYPE_P (*node))
+    {
+      if (!(flags & (int) ATTR_FLAG_TYPE_IN_PLACE))
+	*node = build_variant_type_copy (*node);
+      TREE_DEPRECATED (*node) = 1;
+      type = *node;
+    }
+  else
+    warn = 1;
+
+  if (warn)
+    {
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      if (type && TYPE_NAME (type))
+	{
+	  if (TREE_CODE (TYPE_NAME (type)) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
+	    what = TYPE_NAME (*node);
+	  else if (TREE_CODE (TYPE_NAME (type)) == TYPE_DECL
+		   && DECL_NAME (TYPE_NAME (type)))
+	    what = DECL_NAME (TYPE_NAME (type));
+	}
+      if (what)
+	warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored for %qE", name, what);
+      else
+	warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "vector_size" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_vector_size_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			      int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			      bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT vecsize, nunits;
+  enum machine_mode orig_mode;
+  tree type = *node, new_type, size;
+
+  *no_add_attrs = true;
+
+  size = TREE_VALUE (args);
+
+  if (!host_integerp (size, 1))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /* Get the vector size (in bytes).  */
+  vecsize = tree_low_cst (size, 1);
+
+  /* We need to provide for vector pointers, vector arrays, and
+     functions returning vectors.  For example:
+
+       __attribute__((vector_size(16))) short *foo;
+
+     In this case, the mode is SI, but the type being modified is
+     HI, so we need to look further.  */
+
+  while (POINTER_TYPE_P (type)
+	 || TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE
+	 || TREE_CODE (type) == METHOD_TYPE
+	 || TREE_CODE (type) == ARRAY_TYPE
+	 || TREE_CODE (type) == OFFSET_TYPE)
+    type = TREE_TYPE (type);
+
+  /* Get the mode of the type being modified.  */
+  orig_mode = TYPE_MODE (type);
+
+  if ((!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
+       && !SCALAR_FLOAT_TYPE_P (type)
+       && !FIXED_POINT_TYPE_P (type))
+      || (!SCALAR_FLOAT_MODE_P (orig_mode)
+	  && GET_MODE_CLASS (orig_mode) != MODE_INT
+	  && !ALL_SCALAR_FIXED_POINT_MODE_P (orig_mode))
+      || !host_integerp (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type), 1)
+      || TREE_CODE (type) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
+    {
+      error ("invalid vector type for attribute %qE", name);
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  if (vecsize % tree_low_cst (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type), 1))
+    {
+      error ("vector size not an integral multiple of component size");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (vecsize == 0)
+    {
+      error ("zero vector size");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  /* Calculate how many units fit in the vector.  */
+  nunits = vecsize / tree_low_cst (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type), 1);
+  if (nunits & (nunits - 1))
+    {
+      error ("number of components of the vector not a power of two");
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  new_type = build_vector_type (type, nunits);
+
+  /* Build back pointers if needed.  */
+  *node = lang_hooks.types.reconstruct_complex_type (*node, new_type);
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle the "nonnull" attribute.  */
+static tree
+handle_nonnull_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name),
+			  tree args, int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			  bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree type = *node;
+  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT attr_arg_num;
+
+  /* If no arguments are specified, all pointer arguments should be
+     non-null.  Verify a full prototype is given so that the arguments
+     will have the correct types when we actually check them later.  */
+  if (!args)
+    {
+      if (!prototype_p (type))
+	{
+	  error ("nonnull attribute without arguments on a non-prototype");
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /* Argument list specified.  Verify that each argument number references
+     a pointer argument.  */
+  for (attr_arg_num = 1; args; args = TREE_CHAIN (args))
+    {
+      tree argument;
+      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT arg_num = 0, ck_num;
+
+      if (!get_nonnull_operand (TREE_VALUE (args), &arg_num))
+	{
+	  error ("nonnull argument has invalid operand number (argument %lu)",
+		 (unsigned long) attr_arg_num);
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	  return NULL_TREE;
+	}
+
+      argument = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (type);
+      if (argument)
+	{
+	  for (ck_num = 1; ; ck_num++)
+	    {
+	      if (!argument || ck_num == arg_num)
+		break;
+	      argument = TREE_CHAIN (argument);
+	    }
+
+	  if (!argument
+	      || TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (argument)) == VOID_TYPE)
+	    {
+	      error ("nonnull argument with out-of-range operand number (argument %lu, operand %lu)",
+		     (unsigned long) attr_arg_num, (unsigned long) arg_num);
+	      *no_add_attrs = true;
+	      return NULL_TREE;
+	    }
+
+	  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (argument)) != POINTER_TYPE)
+	    {
+	      error ("nonnull argument references non-pointer operand (argument %lu, operand %lu)",
+		   (unsigned long) attr_arg_num, (unsigned long) arg_num);
+	      *no_add_attrs = true;
+	      return NULL_TREE;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Check the argument list of a function call for null in argument slots
+   that are marked as requiring a non-null pointer argument.  The NARGS
+   arguments are passed in the array ARGARRAY.
+*/
+
+static void
+check_function_nonnull (tree attrs, int nargs, tree *argarray)
+{
+  tree a, args;
+  int i;
+
+  for (a = attrs; a; a = TREE_CHAIN (a))
+    {
+      if (is_attribute_p ("nonnull", TREE_PURPOSE (a)))
+	{
+	  args = TREE_VALUE (a);
+
+	  /* Walk the argument list.  If we encounter an argument number we
+	     should check for non-null, do it.  If the attribute has no args,
+	     then every pointer argument is checked (in which case the check
+	     for pointer type is done in check_nonnull_arg).  */
+	  for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
+	    {
+	      if (!args || nonnull_check_p (args, i + 1))
+		check_function_arguments_recurse (check_nonnull_arg, NULL,
+						  argarray[i],
+						  i + 1);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+/* Check that the Nth argument of a function call (counting backwards
+   from the end) is a (pointer)0.  The NARGS arguments are passed in the
+   array ARGARRAY.  */
+
+static void
+check_function_sentinel (tree attrs, int nargs, tree *argarray, tree typelist)
+{
+  tree attr = lookup_attribute ("sentinel", attrs);
+
+  if (attr)
+    {
+      int len = 0;
+      int pos = 0;
+      tree sentinel;
+
+      /* Skip over the named arguments.  */
+      while (typelist && len < nargs)
+	{
+	  typelist = TREE_CHAIN (typelist);
+	  len++;
+	}
+
+      if (TREE_VALUE (attr))
+	{
+	  tree p = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VALUE (attr));
+	  pos = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (p);
+	}
+
+      /* The sentinel must be one of the varargs, i.e.
+	 in position >= the number of fixed arguments.  */
+      if ((nargs - 1 - pos) < len)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wformat,
+		   "not enough variable arguments to fit a sentinel");
+	  return;
+	}
+
+      /* Validate the sentinel.  */
+      sentinel = argarray[nargs - 1 - pos];
+      if ((!POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (sentinel))
+	   || !integer_zerop (sentinel))
+	  /* Although __null (in C++) is only an integer we allow it
+	     nevertheless, as we are guaranteed that it's exactly
+	     as wide as a pointer, and we don't want to force
+	     users to cast the NULL they have written there.
+	     We warn with -Wstrict-null-sentinel, though.  */
+	  && (warn_strict_null_sentinel || null_node != sentinel))
+	warning (OPT_Wformat, "missing sentinel in function call");
+    }
+}
+
+/* Helper for check_function_nonnull; given a list of operands which
+   must be non-null in ARGS, determine if operand PARAM_NUM should be
+   checked.  */
+
+static bool
+nonnull_check_p (tree args, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT param_num)
+{
+  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT arg_num = 0;
+
+  for (; args; args = TREE_CHAIN (args))
+    {
+      bool found = get_nonnull_operand (TREE_VALUE (args), &arg_num);
+
+      gcc_assert (found);
+
+      if (arg_num == param_num)
+	return true;
+    }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/* Check that the function argument PARAM (which is operand number
+   PARAM_NUM) is non-null.  This is called by check_function_nonnull
+   via check_function_arguments_recurse.  */
+
+static void
+check_nonnull_arg (void * ARG_UNUSED (ctx), tree param,
+		   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT param_num)
+{
+  /* Just skip checking the argument if it's not a pointer.  This can
+     happen if the "nonnull" attribute was given without an operand
+     list (which means to check every pointer argument).  */
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (param)) != POINTER_TYPE)
+    return;
+
+  if (integer_zerop (param))
+    warning (OPT_Wnonnull, "null argument where non-null required "
+	     "(argument %lu)", (unsigned long) param_num);
+}
+
+/* Helper for nonnull attribute handling; fetch the operand number
+   from the attribute argument list.  */
+
+static bool
+get_nonnull_operand (tree arg_num_expr, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT *valp)
+{
+  /* Verify the arg number is a constant.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (arg_num_expr) != INTEGER_CST
+      || TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (arg_num_expr) != 0)
+    return false;
+
+  *valp = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (arg_num_expr);
+  return true;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "nothrow" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_nothrow_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			  int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    TREE_NOTHROW (*node) = 1;
+  /* ??? TODO: Support types.  */
+  else
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "cleanup" attribute; arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_cleanup_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			  int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+  tree cleanup_id, cleanup_decl;
+
+  /* ??? Could perhaps support cleanups on TREE_STATIC, much like we do
+     for global destructors in C++.  This requires infrastructure that
+     we don't have generically at the moment.  It's also not a feature
+     we'd be missing too much, since we do have attribute constructor.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) != VAR_DECL || TREE_STATIC (decl))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /* Verify that the argument is a function in scope.  */
+  /* ??? We could support pointers to functions here as well, if
+     that was considered desirable.  */
+  cleanup_id = TREE_VALUE (args);
+  if (TREE_CODE (cleanup_id) != IDENTIFIER_NODE)
+    {
+      error ("cleanup argument not an identifier");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+  cleanup_decl = lookup_name (cleanup_id);
+  if (!cleanup_decl || TREE_CODE (cleanup_decl) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      error ("cleanup argument not a function");
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /* That the function has proper type is checked with the
+     eventual call to build_function_call.  */
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "warn_unused_result" attribute.  No special handling.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_warn_unused_result_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+			       tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+			       int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  /* Ignore the attribute for functions not returning any value.  */
+  if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (*node)))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "sentinel" attribute.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_sentinel_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			   int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree params = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (*node);
+
+  if (!prototype_p (*node))
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+	       "%qE attribute requires prototypes with named arguments", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      while (TREE_CHAIN (params))
+	params = TREE_CHAIN (params);
+
+      if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_VALUE (params)))
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+		   "%qE attribute only applies to variadic functions", name);
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (args)
+    {
+      tree position = TREE_VALUE (args);
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (position) != INTEGER_CST)
+	{
+	  warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+		   "requested position is not an integer constant");
+	  *no_add_attrs = true;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (tree_int_cst_lt (position, integer_zero_node))
+	    {
+	      warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+		       "requested position is less than zero");
+	      *no_add_attrs = true;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "type_generic" attribute.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_type_generic_attribute (tree *node, tree ARG_UNUSED (name),
+			       tree ARG_UNUSED (args), int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+			       bool * ARG_UNUSED (no_add_attrs))
+{
+  tree params;
+
+  /* Ensure we have a function type.  */
+  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*node) == FUNCTION_TYPE);
+
+  params = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (*node);
+  while (params && ! VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_VALUE (params)))
+    params = TREE_CHAIN (params);
+
+  /* Ensure we have a variadic function.  */
+  gcc_assert (!params);
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "target" attribute.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_target_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args, int flags,
+			 bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  /* Ensure we have a function type.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (! targetm.target_option.valid_attribute_p (*node, name, args,
+						      flags))
+    *no_add_attrs = true;
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Arguments being collected for optimization.  */
+typedef const char *const_char_p;		/* For DEF_VEC_P.  */
+DEF_VEC_P(const_char_p);
+DEF_VEC_ALLOC_P(const_char_p, gc);
+static GTY(()) VEC(const_char_p, gc) *optimize_args;
+
+
+/* Inner function to convert a TREE_LIST to argv string to parse the optimize
+   options in ARGS.  ATTR_P is true if this is for attribute(optimize), and
+   false for #pragma GCC optimize.  */
+
+bool
+parse_optimize_options (tree args, bool attr_p)
+{
+  bool ret = true;
+  unsigned opt_argc;
+  unsigned i;
+  int saved_flag_strict_aliasing;
+  const char **opt_argv;
+  struct cl_decoded_option *decoded_options;
+  unsigned int decoded_options_count;
+  tree ap;
+
+  /* Build up argv vector.  Just in case the string is stored away, use garbage
+     collected strings.  */
+  VEC_truncate (const_char_p, optimize_args, 0);
+  VEC_safe_push (const_char_p, gc, optimize_args, NULL);
+
+  for (ap = args; ap != NULL_TREE; ap = TREE_CHAIN (ap))
+    {
+      tree value = TREE_VALUE (ap);
+
+      if (TREE_CODE (value) == INTEGER_CST)
+	{
+	  char buffer[20];
+	  sprintf (buffer, "-O%ld", (long) TREE_INT_CST_LOW (value));
+	  VEC_safe_push (const_char_p, gc, optimize_args, ggc_strdup (buffer));
+	}
+
+      else if (TREE_CODE (value) == STRING_CST)
+	{
+	  /* Split string into multiple substrings.  */
+	  size_t len = TREE_STRING_LENGTH (value);
+	  char *p = ASTRDUP (TREE_STRING_POINTER (value));
+	  char *end = p + len;
+	  char *comma;
+	  char *next_p = p;
+
+	  while (next_p != NULL)
+	    {
+	      size_t len2;
+	      char *q, *r;
+
+	      p = next_p;
+	      comma = strchr (p, ',');
+	      if (comma)
+		{
+		  len2 = comma - p;
+		  *comma = '\0';
+		  next_p = comma+1;
+		}
+	      else
+		{
+		  len2 = end - p;
+		  next_p = NULL;
+		}
+
+	      r = q = (char *) ggc_alloc_atomic (len2 + 3);
+
+	      /* If the user supplied -Oxxx or -fxxx, only allow -Oxxx or -fxxx
+		 options.  */
+	      if (*p == '-' && p[1] != 'O' && p[1] != 'f')
+		{
+		  ret = false;
+		  if (attr_p)
+		    warning (OPT_Wattributes,
+			     "bad option %s to optimize attribute", p);
+		  else
+		    warning (OPT_Wpragmas,
+			     "bad option %s to pragma attribute", p);
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (*p != '-')
+		{
+		  *r++ = '-';
+
+		  /* Assume that Ox is -Ox, a numeric value is -Ox, a s by
+		     itself is -Os, and any other switch begins with a -f.  */
+		  if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9')
+		      || (p[0] == 's' && p[1] == '\0'))
+		    *r++ = 'O';
+		  else if (*p != 'O')
+		    *r++ = 'f';
+		}
+
+	      memcpy (r, p, len2);
+	      r[len2] = '\0';
+	      VEC_safe_push (const_char_p, gc, optimize_args, q);
+	    }
+
+	}
+    }
+
+  opt_argc = VEC_length (const_char_p, optimize_args);
+  opt_argv = (const char **) alloca (sizeof (char *) * (opt_argc + 1));
+
+  for (i = 1; i < opt_argc; i++)
+    opt_argv[i] = VEC_index (const_char_p, optimize_args, i);
+
+  saved_flag_strict_aliasing = flag_strict_aliasing;
+
+  /* Now parse the options.  */
+  decode_cmdline_options_to_array_default_mask (opt_argc, opt_argv,
+						&decoded_options,
+						&decoded_options_count);
+  decode_options (&global_options, &global_options_set,
+		  decoded_options, decoded_options_count,
+		  input_location, global_dc);
+
+  targetm.override_options_after_change();
+
+  /* Don't allow changing -fstrict-aliasing.  */
+  flag_strict_aliasing = saved_flag_strict_aliasing;
+
+  VEC_truncate (const_char_p, optimize_args, 0);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* For handling "optimize" attribute. arguments as in
+   struct attribute_spec.handler.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_optimize_attribute (tree *node, tree name, tree args,
+			   int ARG_UNUSED (flags), bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  /* Ensure we have a function type.  */
+  if (TREE_CODE (*node) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qE attribute ignored", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      struct cl_optimization cur_opts;
+      tree old_opts = DECL_FUNCTION_SPECIFIC_OPTIMIZATION (*node);
+
+      /* Save current options.  */
+      cl_optimization_save (&cur_opts, &global_options);
+
+      /* If we previously had some optimization options, use them as the
+	 default.  */
+      if (old_opts)
+	cl_optimization_restore (&global_options,
+				 TREE_OPTIMIZATION (old_opts));
+
+      /* Parse options, and update the vector.  */
+      parse_optimize_options (args, true);
+      DECL_FUNCTION_SPECIFIC_OPTIMIZATION (*node)
+	= build_optimization_node ();
+
+      /* Restore current options.  */
+      cl_optimization_restore (&global_options, &cur_opts);
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Handle a "no_split_stack" attribute.  */
+
+static tree
+handle_no_split_stack_attribute (tree *node, tree name,
+				 tree ARG_UNUSED (args),
+				 int ARG_UNUSED (flags),
+				 bool *no_add_attrs)
+{
+  tree decl = *node;
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL)
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+		"%qE attribute applies only to functions", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+  else if (DECL_INITIAL (decl))
+    {
+      error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl),
+		"can%'t set %qE attribute after definition", name);
+      *no_add_attrs = true;
+    }
+
+  return NULL_TREE;
+}
+
+/* Check for valid arguments being passed to a function.
+   ATTRS is a list of attributes.  There are NARGS arguments in the array
+   ARGARRAY.  TYPELIST is the list of argument types for the function.
+ */
+void
+check_function_arguments (tree attrs, int nargs, tree *argarray, tree typelist)
+{
+  /* Check for null being passed in a pointer argument that must be
+     non-null.  We also need to do this if format checking is enabled.  */
+
+  if (warn_nonnull)
+    check_function_nonnull (attrs, nargs, argarray);
+
+  /* Check for errors in format strings.  */
+
+  if (warn_format || warn_missing_format_attribute)
+    check_function_format (attrs, nargs, argarray);
+
+  if (warn_format)
+    check_function_sentinel (attrs, nargs, argarray, typelist);
+}
+
+/* Generic argument checking recursion routine.  PARAM is the argument to
+   be checked.  PARAM_NUM is the number of the argument.  CALLBACK is invoked
+   once the argument is resolved.  CTX is context for the callback.  */
+void
+check_function_arguments_recurse (void (*callback)
+				  (void *, tree, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT),
+				  void *ctx, tree param,
+				  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT param_num)
+{
+  if (CONVERT_EXPR_P (param)
+      && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (param))
+	  == TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (param, 0)))))
+    {
+      /* Strip coercion.  */
+      check_function_arguments_recurse (callback, ctx,
+					TREE_OPERAND (param, 0), param_num);
+      return;
+    }
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (param) == CALL_EXPR)
+    {
+      tree type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_FN (param)));
+      tree attrs;
+      bool found_format_arg = false;
+
+      /* See if this is a call to a known internationalization function
+	 that modifies a format arg.  Such a function may have multiple
+	 format_arg attributes (for example, ngettext).  */
+
+      for (attrs = TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (type);
+	   attrs;
+	   attrs = TREE_CHAIN (attrs))
+	if (is_attribute_p ("format_arg", TREE_PURPOSE (attrs)))
+	  {
+	    tree inner_arg;
+	    tree format_num_expr;
+	    int format_num;
+	    int i;
+	    call_expr_arg_iterator iter;
+
+	    /* Extract the argument number, which was previously checked
+	       to be valid.  */
+	    format_num_expr = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VALUE (attrs));
+
+	    gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (format_num_expr) == INTEGER_CST
+			&& !TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (format_num_expr));
+
+	    format_num = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (format_num_expr);
+
+	    for (inner_arg = first_call_expr_arg (param, &iter), i = 1;
+		 inner_arg != 0;
+		 inner_arg = next_call_expr_arg (&iter), i++)
+	      if (i == format_num)
+		{
+		  check_function_arguments_recurse (callback, ctx,
+						    inner_arg, param_num);
+		  found_format_arg = true;
+		  break;
+		}
+	  }
+
+      /* If we found a format_arg attribute and did a recursive check,
+	 we are done with checking this argument.  Otherwise, we continue
+	 and this will be considered a non-literal.  */
+      if (found_format_arg)
+	return;
+    }
+
+  if (TREE_CODE (param) == COND_EXPR)
+    {
+      /* Check both halves of the conditional expression.  */
+      check_function_arguments_recurse (callback, ctx,
+					TREE_OPERAND (param, 1), param_num);
+      check_function_arguments_recurse (callback, ctx,
+					TREE_OPERAND (param, 2), param_num);
+      return;
+    }
+
+  (*callback) (ctx, param, param_num);
+}
+
+/* Checks for a builtin function FNDECL that the number of arguments
+   NARGS against the required number REQUIRED and issues an error if
+   there is a mismatch.  Returns true if the number of arguments is
+   correct, otherwise false.  */
+
+static bool
+builtin_function_validate_nargs (tree fndecl, int nargs, int required)
+{
+  if (nargs < required)
+    {
+      error_at (input_location,
+		"not enough arguments to function %qE", fndecl);
+      return false;
+    }
+  else if (nargs > required)
+    {
+      error_at (input_location,
+		"too many arguments to function %qE", fndecl);
+      return false;
+    }
+  return true;
+}
+
+/* Verifies the NARGS arguments ARGS to the builtin function FNDECL.
+   Returns false if there was an error, otherwise true.  */
+
+bool
+check_builtin_function_arguments (tree fndecl, int nargs, tree *args)
+{
+  if (!DECL_BUILT_IN (fndecl)
+      || DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (fndecl) != BUILT_IN_NORMAL)
+    return true;
+
+  switch (DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (fndecl))
+    {
+    case BUILT_IN_CONSTANT_P:
+      return builtin_function_validate_nargs (fndecl, nargs, 1);
+
+    case BUILT_IN_ISFINITE:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISINF:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISINF_SIGN:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISNAN:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISNORMAL:
+      if (builtin_function_validate_nargs (fndecl, nargs, 1))
+	{
+	  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (args[0])) != REAL_TYPE)
+	    {
+	      error ("non-floating-point argument in call to "
+		     "function %qE", fndecl);
+	      return false;
+	    }
+	  return true;
+	}
+      return false;
+
+    case BUILT_IN_ISGREATER:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISGREATEREQUAL:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISLESS:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISLESSEQUAL:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISLESSGREATER:
+    case BUILT_IN_ISUNORDERED:
+      if (builtin_function_validate_nargs (fndecl, nargs, 2))
+	{
+	  enum tree_code code0, code1;
+	  code0 = TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (args[0]));
+	  code1 = TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (args[1]));
+	  if (!((code0 == REAL_TYPE && code1 == REAL_TYPE)
+		|| (code0 == REAL_TYPE && code1 == INTEGER_TYPE)
+		|| (code0 == INTEGER_TYPE && code1 == REAL_TYPE)))
+	    {
+	      error ("non-floating-point arguments in call to "
+		     "function %qE", fndecl);
+	      return false;
+	    }
+	  return true;
+	}
+      return false;
+
+    case BUILT_IN_FPCLASSIFY:
+      if (builtin_function_validate_nargs (fndecl, nargs, 6))
+	{
+	  unsigned i;
+
+	  for (i=0; i<5; i++)
+	    if (TREE_CODE (args[i]) != INTEGER_CST)
+	      {
+		error ("non-const integer argument %u in call to function %qE",
+		       i+1, fndecl);
+		return false;
+	      }
+
+	  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (args[5])) != REAL_TYPE)
+	    {
+	      error ("non-floating-point argument in call to function %qE",
+		     fndecl);
+	      return false;
+	    }
+	  return true;
+	}
+      return false;
+
+    default:
+      return true;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Function to help qsort sort FIELD_DECLs by name order.  */
+
+int
+field_decl_cmp (const void *x_p, const void *y_p)
+{
+  const tree *const x = (const tree *const) x_p;
+  const tree *const y = (const tree *const) y_p;
+
+  if (DECL_NAME (*x) == DECL_NAME (*y))
+    /* A nontype is "greater" than a type.  */
+    return (TREE_CODE (*y) == TYPE_DECL) - (TREE_CODE (*x) == TYPE_DECL);
+  if (DECL_NAME (*x) == NULL_TREE)
+    return -1;
+  if (DECL_NAME (*y) == NULL_TREE)
+    return 1;
+  if (DECL_NAME (*x) < DECL_NAME (*y))
+    return -1;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static struct {
+  gt_pointer_operator new_value;
+  void *cookie;
+} resort_data;
+
+/* This routine compares two fields like field_decl_cmp but using the
+pointer operator in resort_data.  */
+
+static int
+resort_field_decl_cmp (const void *x_p, const void *y_p)
+{
+  const tree *const x = (const tree *const) x_p;
+  const tree *const y = (const tree *const) y_p;
+
+  if (DECL_NAME (*x) == DECL_NAME (*y))
+    /* A nontype is "greater" than a type.  */
+    return (TREE_CODE (*y) == TYPE_DECL) - (TREE_CODE (*x) == TYPE_DECL);
+  if (DECL_NAME (*x) == NULL_TREE)
+    return -1;
+  if (DECL_NAME (*y) == NULL_TREE)
+    return 1;
+  {
+    tree d1 = DECL_NAME (*x);
+    tree d2 = DECL_NAME (*y);
+    resort_data.new_value (&d1, resort_data.cookie);
+    resort_data.new_value (&d2, resort_data.cookie);
+    if (d1 < d2)
+      return -1;
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* Resort DECL_SORTED_FIELDS because pointers have been reordered.  */
+
+void
+resort_sorted_fields (void *obj,
+		      void * ARG_UNUSED (orig_obj),
+		      gt_pointer_operator new_value,
+		      void *cookie)
+{
+  struct sorted_fields_type *sf = (struct sorted_fields_type *) obj;
+  resort_data.new_value = new_value;
+  resort_data.cookie = cookie;
+  qsort (&sf->elts[0], sf->len, sizeof (tree),
+	 resort_field_decl_cmp);
+}
+
+/* Subroutine of c_parse_error.
+   Return the result of concatenating LHS and RHS. RHS is really
+   a string literal, its first character is indicated by RHS_START and
+   RHS_SIZE is its length (including the terminating NUL character).
+
+   The caller is responsible for deleting the returned pointer.  */
+
+static char *
+catenate_strings (const char *lhs, const char *rhs_start, int rhs_size)
+{
+  const int lhs_size = strlen (lhs);
+  char *result = XNEWVEC (char, lhs_size + rhs_size);
+  strncpy (result, lhs, lhs_size);
+  strncpy (result + lhs_size, rhs_start, rhs_size);
+  return result;
+}
+
+/* Issue the error given by GMSGID, indicating that it occurred before
+   TOKEN, which had the associated VALUE.  */
+
+void
+c_parse_error (const char *gmsgid, enum cpp_ttype token_type,
+	       tree value, unsigned char token_flags)
+{
+#define catenate_messages(M1, M2) catenate_strings ((M1), (M2), sizeof (M2))
+
+  char *message = NULL;
+
+  if (token_type == CPP_EOF)
+    message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " at end of input");
+  else if (token_type == CPP_CHAR
+	   || token_type == CPP_WCHAR
+	   || token_type == CPP_CHAR16
+	   || token_type == CPP_CHAR32)
+    {
+      unsigned int val = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (value);
+      const char *prefix;
+
+      switch (token_type)
+	{
+	default:
+	  prefix = "";
+	  break;
+	case CPP_WCHAR:
+	  prefix = "L";
+	  break;
+	case CPP_CHAR16:
+	  prefix = "u";
+	  break;
+	case CPP_CHAR32:
+	  prefix = "U";
+	  break;
+        }
+
+      if (val <= UCHAR_MAX && ISGRAPH (val))
+	message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before %s'%c'");
+      else
+	message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before %s'\\x%x'");
+
+      error (message, prefix, val);
+      free (message);
+      message = NULL;
+    }
+  else if (token_type == CPP_STRING
+	   || token_type == CPP_WSTRING
+	   || token_type == CPP_STRING16
+	   || token_type == CPP_STRING32
+	   || token_type == CPP_UTF8STRING)
+    message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before string constant");
+  else if (token_type == CPP_NUMBER)
+    message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before numeric constant");
+  else if (token_type == CPP_NAME)
+    {
+      message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before %qE");
+      error (message, value);
+      free (message);
+      message = NULL;
+    }
+  else if (token_type == CPP_PRAGMA)
+    message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before %<#pragma%>");
+  else if (token_type == CPP_PRAGMA_EOL)
+    message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before end of line");
+  else if (token_type < N_TTYPES)
+    {
+      message = catenate_messages (gmsgid, " before %qs token");
+      error (message, cpp_type2name (token_type, token_flags));
+      free (message);
+      message = NULL;
+    }
+  else
+    error (gmsgid);
+
+  if (message)
+    {
+      error (message);
+      free (message);
+    }
+#undef catenate_messages
+}
+
+/* Mapping for cpp message reasons to the options that enable them.  */
+
+struct reason_option_codes_t
+{
+  const int reason;		/* cpplib message reason.  */
+  const int option_code;	/* gcc option that controls this message.  */
+};
+
+static const struct reason_option_codes_t option_codes[] = {
+  {CPP_W_DEPRECATED,			OPT_Wdeprecated},
+  {CPP_W_COMMENTS,			OPT_Wcomment},
+  {CPP_W_TRIGRAPHS,			OPT_Wtrigraphs},
+  {CPP_W_MULTICHAR,			OPT_Wmultichar},
+  {CPP_W_TRADITIONAL,			OPT_Wtraditional},
+  {CPP_W_LONG_LONG,			OPT_Wlong_long},
+  {CPP_W_ENDIF_LABELS,			OPT_Wendif_labels},
+  {CPP_W_VARIADIC_MACROS,		OPT_Wvariadic_macros},
+  {CPP_W_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED,	OPT_Wbuiltin_macro_redefined},
+  {CPP_W_UNDEF,				OPT_Wundef},
+  {CPP_W_UNUSED_MACROS,			OPT_Wunused_macros},
+  {CPP_W_CXX_OPERATOR_NAMES,		OPT_Wc___compat},
+  {CPP_W_NORMALIZE,			OPT_Wnormalized_},
+  {CPP_W_INVALID_PCH,			OPT_Winvalid_pch},
+  {CPP_W_WARNING_DIRECTIVE,		OPT_Wcpp},
+  {CPP_W_NONE,				0}
+};
+
+/* Return the gcc option code associated with the reason for a cpp
+   message, or 0 if none.  */
+
+static int
+c_option_controlling_cpp_error (int reason)
+{
+  const struct reason_option_codes_t *entry;
+
+  for (entry = option_codes; entry->reason != CPP_W_NONE; entry++)
+    {
+      if (entry->reason == reason)
+	return entry->option_code;
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Callback from cpp_error for PFILE to print diagnostics from the
+   preprocessor.  The diagnostic is of type LEVEL, with REASON set
+   to the reason code if LEVEL is represents a warning, at location
+   LOCATION unless this is after lexing and the compiler's location
+   should be used instead, with column number possibly overridden by
+   COLUMN_OVERRIDE if not zero; MSG is the translated message and AP
+   the arguments.  Returns true if a diagnostic was emitted, false
+   otherwise.  */
+
+bool
+c_cpp_error (cpp_reader *pfile ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, int level, int reason,
+	     location_t location, unsigned int column_override,
+	     const char *msg, va_list *ap)
+{
+  diagnostic_info diagnostic;
+  diagnostic_t dlevel;
+  bool save_warn_system_headers = global_dc->dc_warn_system_headers;
+  bool ret;
+
+  switch (level)
+    {
+    case CPP_DL_WARNING_SYSHDR:
+      if (flag_no_output)
+	return false;
+      global_dc->dc_warn_system_headers = 1;
+      /* Fall through.  */
+    case CPP_DL_WARNING:
+      if (flag_no_output)
+	return false;
+      dlevel = DK_WARNING;
+      break;
+    case CPP_DL_PEDWARN:
+      if (flag_no_output && !flag_pedantic_errors)
+	return false;
+      dlevel = DK_PEDWARN;
+      break;
+    case CPP_DL_ERROR:
+      dlevel = DK_ERROR;
+      break;
+    case CPP_DL_ICE:
+      dlevel = DK_ICE;
+      break;
+    case CPP_DL_NOTE:
+      dlevel = DK_NOTE;
+      break;
+    case CPP_DL_FATAL:
+      dlevel = DK_FATAL;
+      break;
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+  if (done_lexing)
+    location = input_location;
+  diagnostic_set_info_translated (&diagnostic, msg, ap,
+				  location, dlevel);
+  if (column_override)
+    diagnostic_override_column (&diagnostic, column_override);
+  diagnostic_override_option_index (&diagnostic,
+                                    c_option_controlling_cpp_error (reason));
+  ret = report_diagnostic (&diagnostic);
+  if (level == CPP_DL_WARNING_SYSHDR)
+    global_dc->dc_warn_system_headers = save_warn_system_headers;
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* Convert a character from the host to the target execution character
+   set.  cpplib handles this, mostly.  */
+
+HOST_WIDE_INT
+c_common_to_target_charset (HOST_WIDE_INT c)
+{
+  /* Character constants in GCC proper are sign-extended under -fsigned-char,
+     zero-extended under -fno-signed-char.  cpplib insists that characters
+     and character constants are always unsigned.  Hence we must convert
+     back and forth.  */
+  cppchar_t uc = ((cppchar_t)c) & ((((cppchar_t)1) << CHAR_BIT)-1);
+
+  uc = cpp_host_to_exec_charset (parse_in, uc);
+
+  if (flag_signed_char)
+    return ((HOST_WIDE_INT)uc) << (HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT - CHAR_TYPE_SIZE)
+			       >> (HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT - CHAR_TYPE_SIZE);
+  else
+    return uc;
+}
+
+/* Build the result of __builtin_offsetof.  EXPR is a nested sequence of
+   component references, with STOP_REF, or alternatively an INDIRECT_REF of
+   NULL, at the bottom; much like the traditional rendering of offsetof as a
+   macro.  Returns the folded and properly cast result.  */
+
+static tree
+fold_offsetof_1 (tree expr, tree stop_ref)
+{
+  enum tree_code code = PLUS_EXPR;
+  tree base, off, t;
+
+  if (expr == stop_ref && TREE_CODE (expr) != ERROR_MARK)
+    return size_zero_node;
+
+  switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
+    {
+    case ERROR_MARK:
+      return expr;
+
+    case VAR_DECL:
+      error ("cannot apply %<offsetof%> to static data member %qD", expr);
+      return error_mark_node;
+
+    case CALL_EXPR:
+    case TARGET_EXPR:
+      error ("cannot apply %<offsetof%> when %<operator[]%> is overloaded");
+      return error_mark_node;
+
+    case NOP_EXPR:
+    case INDIRECT_REF:
+      if (!integer_zerop (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)))
+	{
+	  error ("cannot apply %<offsetof%> to a non constant address");
+	  return error_mark_node;
+	}
+      return size_zero_node;
+
+    case COMPONENT_REF:
+      base = fold_offsetof_1 (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), stop_ref);
+      if (base == error_mark_node)
+	return base;
+
+      t = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      if (DECL_C_BIT_FIELD (t))
+	{
+	  error ("attempt to take address of bit-field structure "
+		 "member %qD", t);
+	  return error_mark_node;
+	}
+      off = size_binop_loc (input_location, PLUS_EXPR, DECL_FIELD_OFFSET (t),
+			    size_int (tree_low_cst (DECL_FIELD_BIT_OFFSET (t),
+						    1)
+				      / BITS_PER_UNIT));
+      break;
+
+    case ARRAY_REF:
+      base = fold_offsetof_1 (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), stop_ref);
+      if (base == error_mark_node)
+	return base;
+
+      t = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      if (TREE_CODE (t) == INTEGER_CST && tree_int_cst_sgn (t) < 0)
+	{
+	  code = MINUS_EXPR;
+	  t = fold_build1_loc (input_location, NEGATE_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (t), t);
+	}
+      t = convert (sizetype, t);
+      off = size_binop (MULT_EXPR, TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (TREE_TYPE (expr)), t);
+
+      /* Check if the offset goes beyond the upper bound of the array.  */
+      if (code == PLUS_EXPR && TREE_CODE (t) == INTEGER_CST)
+	{
+	  tree upbound = array_ref_up_bound (expr);
+	  if (upbound != NULL_TREE
+	      && TREE_CODE (upbound) == INTEGER_CST
+	      && !tree_int_cst_equal (upbound,
+				      TYPE_MAX_VALUE (TREE_TYPE (upbound))))
+	    {
+	      upbound = size_binop (PLUS_EXPR, upbound,
+				    build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (upbound), 1));
+	      if (tree_int_cst_lt (upbound, t))
+		{
+		  tree v;
+
+		  for (v = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
+		       TREE_CODE (v) == COMPONENT_REF;
+		       v = TREE_OPERAND (v, 0))
+		    if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (v, 0)))
+			== RECORD_TYPE)
+		      {
+			tree fld_chain = DECL_CHAIN (TREE_OPERAND (v, 1));
+			for (; fld_chain; fld_chain = DECL_CHAIN (fld_chain))
+			  if (TREE_CODE (fld_chain) == FIELD_DECL)
+			    break;
+
+			if (fld_chain)
+			  break;
+		      }
+		  /* Don't warn if the array might be considered a poor
+		     man's flexible array member with a very permissive
+		     definition thereof.  */
+		  if (TREE_CODE (v) == ARRAY_REF
+		      || TREE_CODE (v) == COMPONENT_REF)
+		    warning (OPT_Warray_bounds,
+			     "index %E denotes an offset "
+			     "greater than size of %qT",
+			     t, TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)));
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+      break;
+
+    case COMPOUND_EXPR:
+      /* Handle static members of volatile structs.  */
+      t = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
+      gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (t) == VAR_DECL);
+      return fold_offsetof_1 (t, stop_ref);
+
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+
+  return size_binop (code, base, off);
+}
+
+tree
+fold_offsetof (tree expr, tree stop_ref)
+{
+  /* Convert back from the internal sizetype to size_t.  */
+  return convert (size_type_node, fold_offsetof_1 (expr, stop_ref));
+}
+
+/* Warn for A ?: C expressions (with B omitted) where A is a boolean 
+   expression, because B will always be true. */
+
+void
+warn_for_omitted_condop (location_t location, tree cond) 
+{ 
+  if (truth_value_p (TREE_CODE (cond))) 
+      warning_at (location, OPT_Wparentheses, 
+		"the omitted middle operand in ?: will always be %<true%>, "
+		"suggest explicit middle operand");
+} 
+
+/* Give an error for storing into ARG, which is 'const'.  USE indicates
+   how ARG was being used.  */
+
+void
+readonly_error (tree arg, enum lvalue_use use)
+{
+  gcc_assert (use == lv_assign || use == lv_increment || use == lv_decrement
+	      || use == lv_asm);
+  /* Using this macro rather than (for example) arrays of messages
+     ensures that all the format strings are checked at compile
+     time.  */
+#define READONLY_MSG(A, I, D, AS) (use == lv_assign ? (A)		\
+				   : (use == lv_increment ? (I)		\
+				   : (use == lv_decrement ? (D) : (AS))))
+  if (TREE_CODE (arg) == COMPONENT_REF)
+    {
+      if (TYPE_READONLY (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0))))
+        error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of member "
+				"%qD in read-only object"),
+			     G_("increment of member "
+				"%qD in read-only object"),
+			     G_("decrement of member "
+				"%qD in read-only object"),
+			     G_("member %qD in read-only object "
+				"used as %<asm%> output")),
+	       TREE_OPERAND (arg, 1));
+      else
+	error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of read-only member %qD"),
+			     G_("increment of read-only member %qD"),
+			     G_("decrement of read-only member %qD"),
+			     G_("read-only member %qD used as %<asm%> output")),
+	       TREE_OPERAND (arg, 1));
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == VAR_DECL)
+    error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of read-only variable %qD"),
+			 G_("increment of read-only variable %qD"),
+			 G_("decrement of read-only variable %qD"),
+			 G_("read-only variable %qD used as %<asm%> output")),
+	   arg);
+  else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == PARM_DECL)
+    error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of read-only parameter %qD"),
+			 G_("increment of read-only parameter %qD"),
+			 G_("decrement of read-only parameter %qD"),
+			 G_("read-only parameter %qD use as %<asm%> output")),
+	   arg);  
+  else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == RESULT_DECL)
+    {
+      gcc_assert (c_dialect_cxx ());
+      error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of "
+			      "read-only named return value %qD"),
+			   G_("increment of "
+			      "read-only named return value %qD"),
+			   G_("decrement of "
+			      "read-only named return value %qD"),
+			   G_("read-only named return value %qD "
+			      "used as %<asm%>output")),
+	     arg);
+    }
+  else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == FUNCTION_DECL)
+    error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of function %qD"),
+			 G_("increment of function %qD"),
+			 G_("decrement of function %qD"),
+			 G_("function %qD used as %<asm%> output")),
+	   arg);
+  else
+    error (READONLY_MSG (G_("assignment of read-only location %qE"),
+			 G_("increment of read-only location %qE"),
+			 G_("decrement of read-only location %qE"),
+			 G_("read-only location %qE used as %<asm%> output")),
+	   arg);
+}
+
+/* Print an error message for an invalid lvalue.  USE says
+   how the lvalue is being used and so selects the error message.  LOC
+   is the location for the error.  */
+
+void
+lvalue_error (location_t loc, enum lvalue_use use)
+{
+  switch (use)
+    {
+    case lv_assign:
+      error_at (loc, "lvalue required as left operand of assignment");
+      break;
+    case lv_increment:
+      error_at (loc, "lvalue required as increment operand");
+      break;
+    case lv_decrement:
+      error_at (loc, "lvalue required as decrement operand");
+      break;
+    case lv_addressof:
+      error_at (loc, "lvalue required as unary %<&%> operand");
+      break;
+    case lv_asm:
+      error_at (loc, "lvalue required in asm statement");
+      break;
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+}
+
+/* Print an error message for an invalid indirection of type TYPE.
+   ERRSTRING is the name of the operator for the indirection.  */
+
+void
+invalid_indirection_error (location_t loc, tree type, ref_operator errstring)
+{
+  switch (errstring)
+    {
+    case RO_NULL:
+      gcc_assert (c_dialect_cxx ());
+      error_at (loc, "invalid type argument (have %qT)", type);
+      break;
+    case RO_ARRAY_INDEXING:
+      error_at (loc,
+		"invalid type argument of array indexing (have %qT)",
+		type);
+      break;
+    case RO_UNARY_STAR:
+      error_at (loc,
+		"invalid type argument of unary %<*%> (have %qT)",
+		type);
+      break;
+    case RO_ARROW:
+      error_at (loc,
+		"invalid type argument of %<->%> (have %qT)",
+		type);
+      break;
+    case RO_IMPLICIT_CONVERSION:
+      error_at (loc,
+		"invalid type argument of implicit conversion (have %qT)",
+		type);
+      break;
+    default:
+      gcc_unreachable ();
+    }
+}
+
+/* *PTYPE is an incomplete array.  Complete it with a domain based on
+   INITIAL_VALUE.  If INITIAL_VALUE is not present, use 1 if DO_DEFAULT
+   is true.  Return 0 if successful, 1 if INITIAL_VALUE can't be deciphered,
+   2 if INITIAL_VALUE was NULL, and 3 if INITIAL_VALUE was empty.  */
+
+int
+complete_array_type (tree *ptype, tree initial_value, bool do_default)
+{
+  tree maxindex, type, main_type, elt, unqual_elt;
+  int failure = 0, quals;
+  hashval_t hashcode = 0;
+
+  maxindex = size_zero_node;
+  if (initial_value)
+    {
+      if (TREE_CODE (initial_value) == STRING_CST)
+	{
+	  int eltsize
+	    = int_size_in_bytes (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (initial_value)));
+	  maxindex = size_int (TREE_STRING_LENGTH (initial_value)/eltsize - 1);
+	}
+      else if (TREE_CODE (initial_value) == CONSTRUCTOR)
+	{
+	  VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *v = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (initial_value);
+
+	  if (VEC_empty (constructor_elt, v))
+	    {
+	      if (pedantic)
+		failure = 3;
+	      maxindex = integer_minus_one_node;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      tree curindex;
+	      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT cnt;
+	      constructor_elt *ce;
+	      bool fold_p = false;
+
+	      if (VEC_index (constructor_elt, v, 0)->index)
+		maxindex = fold_convert_loc (input_location, sizetype,
+					     VEC_index (constructor_elt,
+							v, 0)->index);
+	      curindex = maxindex;
+
+	      for (cnt = 1;
+		   VEC_iterate (constructor_elt, v, cnt, ce);
+		   cnt++)
+		{
+		  bool curfold_p = false;
+		  if (ce->index)
+		    curindex = ce->index, curfold_p = true;
+		  else
+		    {
+		      if (fold_p)
+		        curindex = fold_convert (sizetype, curindex);
+		      curindex = size_binop (PLUS_EXPR, curindex,
+					     size_one_node);
+		    }
+		  if (tree_int_cst_lt (maxindex, curindex))
+		    maxindex = curindex, fold_p = curfold_p;
+		}
+	       if (fold_p)
+	         maxindex = fold_convert (sizetype, maxindex);
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Make an error message unless that happened already.  */
+	  if (initial_value != error_mark_node)
+	    failure = 1;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      failure = 2;
+      if (!do_default)
+	return failure;
+    }
+
+  type = *ptype;
+  elt = TREE_TYPE (type);
+  quals = TYPE_QUALS (strip_array_types (elt));
+  if (quals == 0)
+    unqual_elt = elt;
+  else
+    unqual_elt = c_build_qualified_type (elt, KEEP_QUAL_ADDR_SPACE (quals));
+
+  /* Using build_distinct_type_copy and modifying things afterward instead
+     of using build_array_type to create a new type preserves all of the
+     TYPE_LANG_FLAG_? bits that the front end may have set.  */
+  main_type = build_distinct_type_copy (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type));
+  TREE_TYPE (main_type) = unqual_elt;
+  TYPE_DOMAIN (main_type) = build_index_type (maxindex);
+  layout_type (main_type);
+
+  /* Make sure we have the canonical MAIN_TYPE. */
+  hashcode = iterative_hash_object (TYPE_HASH (unqual_elt), hashcode);
+  hashcode = iterative_hash_object (TYPE_HASH (TYPE_DOMAIN (main_type)),
+				    hashcode);
+  main_type = type_hash_canon (hashcode, main_type);
+
+  /* Fix the canonical type.  */
+  if (TYPE_STRUCTURAL_EQUALITY_P (TREE_TYPE (main_type))
+      || TYPE_STRUCTURAL_EQUALITY_P (TYPE_DOMAIN (main_type)))
+    SET_TYPE_STRUCTURAL_EQUALITY (main_type);
+  else if (TYPE_CANONICAL (TREE_TYPE (main_type)) != TREE_TYPE (main_type)
+	   || (TYPE_CANONICAL (TYPE_DOMAIN (main_type))
+	       != TYPE_DOMAIN (main_type)))
+    TYPE_CANONICAL (main_type)
+      = build_array_type (TYPE_CANONICAL (TREE_TYPE (main_type)),
+			  TYPE_CANONICAL (TYPE_DOMAIN (main_type)));
+  else
+    TYPE_CANONICAL (main_type) = main_type;
+
+  if (quals == 0)
+    type = main_type;
+  else
+    type = c_build_qualified_type (main_type, quals);
+
+  if (COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type)
+      && TREE_CODE (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type)) == INTEGER_CST
+      && TREE_OVERFLOW (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type)))
+    {
+      error ("size of array is too large");
+      /* If we proceed with the array type as it is, we'll eventually
+	 crash in tree_low_cst().  */
+      type = error_mark_node;
+    }
+
+  *ptype = type;
+  return failure;
+}
+
+/* Like c_mark_addressable but don't check register qualifier.  */
+void 
+c_common_mark_addressable_vec (tree t)
+{   
+  while (handled_component_p (t))
+    t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
+  if (TREE_CODE (t) != VAR_DECL && TREE_CODE (t) != PARM_DECL)
+    return;
+  TREE_ADDRESSABLE (t) = 1;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Used to help initialize the builtin-types.def table.  When a type of
+   the correct size doesn't exist, use error_mark_node instead of NULL.
+   The later results in segfaults even when a decl using the type doesn't
+   get invoked.  */
+
+tree
+builtin_type_for_size (int size, bool unsignedp)
+{
+  tree type = lang_hooks.types.type_for_size (size, unsignedp);
+  return type ? type : error_mark_node;
+}
+
+/* A helper function for resolve_overloaded_builtin in resolving the
+   overloaded __sync_ builtins.  Returns a positive power of 2 if the
+   first operand of PARAMS is a pointer to a supported data type.
+   Returns 0 if an error is encountered.  */
+
+static int
+sync_resolve_size (tree function, VEC(tree,gc) *params)
+{
+  tree type;
+  int size;
+
+  if (VEC_empty (tree, params))
+    {
+      error ("too few arguments to function %qE", function);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  type = TREE_TYPE (VEC_index (tree, params, 0));
+  if (TREE_CODE (type) != POINTER_TYPE)
+    goto incompatible;
+
+  type = TREE_TYPE (type);
+  if (!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type) && !POINTER_TYPE_P (type))
+    goto incompatible;
+
+  size = tree_low_cst (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type), 1);
+  if (size == 1 || size == 2 || size == 4 || size == 8 || size == 16)
+    return size;
+
+ incompatible:
+  error ("incompatible type for argument %d of %qE", 1, function);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* A helper function for resolve_overloaded_builtin.  Adds casts to
+   PARAMS to make arguments match up with those of FUNCTION.  Drops
+   the variadic arguments at the end.  Returns false if some error
+   was encountered; true on success.  */
+
+static bool
+sync_resolve_params (tree orig_function, tree function, VEC(tree, gc) *params)
+{
+  tree arg_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (function));
+  tree ptype;
+  unsigned int parmnum;
+
+  /* We've declared the implementation functions to use "volatile void *"
+     as the pointer parameter, so we shouldn't get any complaints from the
+     call to check_function_arguments what ever type the user used.  */
+  arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
+  ptype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (VEC_index (tree, params, 0)));
+
+  /* For the rest of the values, we need to cast these to FTYPE, so that we
+     don't get warnings for passing pointer types, etc.  */
+  parmnum = 0;
+  while (arg_types != void_list_node)
+    {
+      tree val;
+
+      ++parmnum;
+      if (VEC_length (tree, params) <= parmnum)
+	{
+	  error ("too few arguments to function %qE", orig_function);
+	  return false;
+	}
+
+      /* ??? Ideally for the first conversion we'd use convert_for_assignment
+	 so that we get warnings for anything that doesn't match the pointer
+	 type.  This isn't portable across the C and C++ front ends atm.  */
+      val = VEC_index (tree, params, parmnum);
+      val = convert (ptype, val);
+      val = convert (TREE_VALUE (arg_types), val);
+      VEC_replace (tree, params, parmnum, val);
+
+      arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
+    }
+
+  /* The definition of these primitives is variadic, with the remaining
+     being "an optional list of variables protected by the memory barrier".
+     No clue what that's supposed to mean, precisely, but we consider all
+     call-clobbered variables to be protected so we're safe.  */
+  VEC_truncate (tree, params, parmnum + 1);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/* A helper function for resolve_overloaded_builtin.  Adds a cast to
+   RESULT to make it match the type of the first pointer argument in
+   PARAMS.  */
+
+static tree
+sync_resolve_return (tree first_param, tree result)
+{
+  tree ptype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (first_param));
+  ptype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (ptype);
+  return convert (ptype, result);
+}
+
+/* Some builtin functions are placeholders for other expressions.  This
+   function should be called immediately after parsing the call expression
+   before surrounding code has committed to the type of the expression.
+
+   LOC is the location of the builtin call.
+
+   FUNCTION is the DECL that has been invoked; it is known to be a builtin.
+   PARAMS is the argument list for the call.  The return value is non-null
+   when expansion is complete, and null if normal processing should
+   continue.  */
+
+tree
+resolve_overloaded_builtin (location_t loc, tree function, VEC(tree,gc) *params)
+{
+  enum built_in_function orig_code = DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (function);
+  switch (DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (function))
+    {
+    case BUILT_IN_NORMAL:
+      break;
+    case BUILT_IN_MD:
+      if (targetm.resolve_overloaded_builtin)
+	return targetm.resolve_overloaded_builtin (loc, function, params);
+      else
+	return NULL_TREE;
+    default:
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+
+  /* Handle BUILT_IN_NORMAL here.  */
+  switch (orig_code)
+    {
+    case BUILT_IN_FETCH_AND_ADD_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_FETCH_AND_SUB_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_FETCH_AND_OR_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_FETCH_AND_AND_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_FETCH_AND_XOR_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_FETCH_AND_NAND_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_ADD_AND_FETCH_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_SUB_AND_FETCH_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_OR_AND_FETCH_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_AND_AND_FETCH_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_XOR_AND_FETCH_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_NAND_AND_FETCH_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_BOOL_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_VAL_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_LOCK_TEST_AND_SET_N:
+    case BUILT_IN_LOCK_RELEASE_N:
+      {
+	int n = sync_resolve_size (function, params);
+	tree new_function, first_param, result;
+
+	if (n == 0)
+	  return error_mark_node;
+
+	new_function = built_in_decls[orig_code + exact_log2 (n) + 1];
+	if (!sync_resolve_params (function, new_function, params))
+	  return error_mark_node;
+
+	first_param = VEC_index (tree, params, 0);
+	result = build_function_call_vec (loc, new_function, params, NULL);
+	if (orig_code != BUILT_IN_BOOL_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N
+	    && orig_code != BUILT_IN_LOCK_RELEASE_N)
+	  result = sync_resolve_return (first_param, result);
+
+	return result;
+      }
+
+    default:
+      return NULL_TREE;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Ignoring their sign, return true if two scalar types are the same.  */
+bool
+same_scalar_type_ignoring_signedness (tree t1, tree t2)
+{
+  enum tree_code c1 = TREE_CODE (t1), c2 = TREE_CODE (t2);
+
+  gcc_assert ((c1 == INTEGER_TYPE || c1 == REAL_TYPE || c1 == FIXED_POINT_TYPE)
+	      && (c2 == INTEGER_TYPE || c2 == REAL_TYPE
+		  || c2 == FIXED_POINT_TYPE));
+
+  /* Equality works here because c_common_signed_type uses
+     TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT.  */
+  return c_common_signed_type (t1)
+    == c_common_signed_type (t2);
+}
+
+/* Check for missing format attributes on function pointers.  LTYPE is
+   the new type or left-hand side type.  RTYPE is the old type or
+   right-hand side type.  Returns TRUE if LTYPE is missing the desired
+   attribute.  */
+
+bool
+check_missing_format_attribute (tree ltype, tree rtype)
+{
+  tree const ttr = TREE_TYPE (rtype), ttl = TREE_TYPE (ltype);
+  tree ra;
+
+  for (ra = TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (ttr); ra; ra = TREE_CHAIN (ra))
+    if (is_attribute_p ("format", TREE_PURPOSE (ra)))
+      break;
+  if (ra)
+    {
+      tree la;
+      for (la = TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (ttl); la; la = TREE_CHAIN (la))
+	if (is_attribute_p ("format", TREE_PURPOSE (la)))
+	  break;
+      return !la;
+    }
+  else
+    return false;
+}
+
+/* Subscripting with type char is likely to lose on a machine where
+   chars are signed.  So warn on any machine, but optionally.  Don't
+   warn for unsigned char since that type is safe.  Don't warn for
+   signed char because anyone who uses that must have done so
+   deliberately. Furthermore, we reduce the false positive load by
+   warning only for non-constant value of type char.  */
+
+void
+warn_array_subscript_with_type_char (tree index)
+{
+  if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (index)) == char_type_node
+      && TREE_CODE (index) != INTEGER_CST)
+    warning (OPT_Wchar_subscripts, "array subscript has type %<char%>");
+}
+
+/* Implement -Wparentheses for the unexpected C precedence rules, to
+   cover cases like x + y << z which readers are likely to
+   misinterpret.  We have seen an expression in which CODE is a binary
+   operator used to combine expressions ARG_LEFT and ARG_RIGHT, which
+   before folding had CODE_LEFT and CODE_RIGHT.  CODE_LEFT and
+   CODE_RIGHT may be ERROR_MARK, which means that that side of the
+   expression was not formed using a binary or unary operator, or it
+   was enclosed in parentheses.  */
+
+void
+warn_about_parentheses (enum tree_code code,
+			enum tree_code code_left, tree arg_left,
+			enum tree_code code_right, tree arg_right)
+{
+  if (!warn_parentheses)
+    return;
+
+  /* This macro tests that the expression ARG with original tree code
+     CODE appears to be a boolean expression. or the result of folding a
+     boolean expression.  */
+#define APPEARS_TO_BE_BOOLEAN_EXPR_P(CODE, ARG)                             \
+	(truth_value_p (TREE_CODE (ARG))                                    \
+	 || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (ARG)) == BOOLEAN_TYPE                     \
+	 /* Folding may create 0 or 1 integers from other expressions.  */  \
+	 || ((CODE) != INTEGER_CST                                          \
+	     && (integer_onep (ARG) || integer_zerop (ARG))))
+
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case LSHIFT_EXPR:
+      if (code_left == PLUS_EXPR || code_right == PLUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<+%> inside %<<<%>");
+      else if (code_left == MINUS_EXPR || code_right == MINUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<-%> inside %<<<%>");
+      return;
+
+    case RSHIFT_EXPR:
+      if (code_left == PLUS_EXPR || code_right == PLUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<+%> inside %<>>%>");
+      else if (code_left == MINUS_EXPR || code_right == MINUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<-%> inside %<>>%>");
+      return;
+
+    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
+      if (code_left == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR || code_right == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<&&%> within %<||%>");
+      return;
+
+    case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
+      if (code_left == BIT_AND_EXPR || code_left == BIT_XOR_EXPR
+	  || code_left == PLUS_EXPR || code_left == MINUS_EXPR
+	  || code_right == BIT_AND_EXPR || code_right == BIT_XOR_EXPR
+	  || code_right == PLUS_EXPR || code_right == MINUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around arithmetic in operand of %<|%>");
+      /* Check cases like x|y==z */
+      else if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_left) == tcc_comparison
+	       || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_right) == tcc_comparison)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around comparison in operand of %<|%>");
+      /* Check cases like !x | y */
+      else if (code_left == TRUTH_NOT_EXPR
+	       && !APPEARS_TO_BE_BOOLEAN_EXPR_P (code_right, arg_right))
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses, "suggest parentheses around operand of "
+		 "%<!%> or change %<|%> to %<||%> or %<!%> to %<~%>");
+      return;
+
+    case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
+      if (code_left == BIT_AND_EXPR
+	  || code_left == PLUS_EXPR || code_left == MINUS_EXPR
+	  || code_right == BIT_AND_EXPR
+	  || code_right == PLUS_EXPR || code_right == MINUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around arithmetic in operand of %<^%>");
+      /* Check cases like x^y==z */
+      else if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_left) == tcc_comparison
+	       || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_right) == tcc_comparison)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around comparison in operand of %<^%>");
+      return;
+
+    case BIT_AND_EXPR:
+      if (code_left == PLUS_EXPR || code_right == PLUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<+%> in operand of %<&%>");
+      else if (code_left == MINUS_EXPR || code_right == MINUS_EXPR)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around %<-%> in operand of %<&%>");
+      /* Check cases like x&y==z */
+      else if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_left) == tcc_comparison
+	       || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_right) == tcc_comparison)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around comparison in operand of %<&%>");
+      /* Check cases like !x & y */
+      else if (code_left == TRUTH_NOT_EXPR
+	       && !APPEARS_TO_BE_BOOLEAN_EXPR_P (code_right, arg_right))
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses, "suggest parentheses around operand of "
+		 "%<!%> or change %<&%> to %<&&%> or %<!%> to %<~%>");
+      return;
+
+    case EQ_EXPR:
+      if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_left) == tcc_comparison
+          || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_right) == tcc_comparison)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around comparison in operand of %<==%>");
+      return;
+    case NE_EXPR:
+      if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_left) == tcc_comparison
+          || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_right) == tcc_comparison)
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses,
+		 "suggest parentheses around comparison in operand of %<!=%>");
+      return;
+
+    default:
+      if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_comparison
+	   && ((TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_left) == tcc_comparison
+		&& code_left != NE_EXPR && code_left != EQ_EXPR
+		&& INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (arg_left)))
+	       || (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code_right) == tcc_comparison
+		   && code_right != NE_EXPR && code_right != EQ_EXPR
+		   && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (arg_right)))))
+	warning (OPT_Wparentheses, "comparisons like %<X<=Y<=Z%> do not "
+		 "have their mathematical meaning");
+      return;
+    }
+#undef NOT_A_BOOLEAN_EXPR_P
+}
+
+/* If LABEL (a LABEL_DECL) has not been used, issue a warning.  */
+
+void
+warn_for_unused_label (tree label)
+{
+  if (!TREE_USED (label))
+    {
+      if (DECL_INITIAL (label))
+	warning (OPT_Wunused_label, "label %q+D defined but not used", label);
+      else
+        warning (OPT_Wunused_label, "label %q+D declared but not defined", label);
+    }
+}
+
+#ifndef TARGET_HAS_TARGETCM
+struct gcc_targetcm targetcm = TARGETCM_INITIALIZER;
+#endif
+
+/* Warn for division by zero according to the value of DIVISOR.  LOC
+   is the location of the division operator.  */
+
+void
+warn_for_div_by_zero (location_t loc, tree divisor)
+{
+  /* If DIVISOR is zero, and has integral or fixed-point type, issue a warning
+     about division by zero.  Do not issue a warning if DIVISOR has a
+     floating-point type, since we consider 0.0/0.0 a valid way of
+     generating a NaN.  */
+  if (c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings == 0
+      && (integer_zerop (divisor) || fixed_zerop (divisor)))
+    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wdiv_by_zero, "division by zero");
+}
+
+/* Subroutine of build_binary_op. Give warnings for comparisons
+   between signed and unsigned quantities that may fail. Do the
+   checking based on the original operand trees ORIG_OP0 and ORIG_OP1,
+   so that casts will be considered, but default promotions won't
+   be.
+
+   LOCATION is the location of the comparison operator.
+
+   The arguments of this function map directly to local variables
+   of build_binary_op.  */
+
+void
+warn_for_sign_compare (location_t location,
+		       tree orig_op0, tree orig_op1,
+		       tree op0, tree op1,
+		       tree result_type, enum tree_code resultcode)
+{
+  int op0_signed = !TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (orig_op0));
+  int op1_signed = !TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (orig_op1));
+  int unsignedp0, unsignedp1;
+
+  /* In C++, check for comparison of different enum types.  */
+  if (c_dialect_cxx()
+      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (orig_op0)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
+      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (orig_op1)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
+      && TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (orig_op0))
+	 != TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (orig_op1)))
+    {
+      warning_at (location,
+		  OPT_Wsign_compare, "comparison between types %qT and %qT",
+		  TREE_TYPE (orig_op0), TREE_TYPE (orig_op1));
+    }
+
+  /* Do not warn if the comparison is being done in a signed type,
+     since the signed type will only be chosen if it can represent
+     all the values of the unsigned type.  */
+  if (!TYPE_UNSIGNED (result_type))
+    /* OK */;
+  /* Do not warn if both operands are unsigned.  */
+  else if (op0_signed == op1_signed)
+    /* OK */;
+  else
+    {
+      tree sop, uop, base_type;
+      bool ovf;
+
+      if (op0_signed)
+        sop = orig_op0, uop = orig_op1;
+      else
+        sop = orig_op1, uop = orig_op0;
+
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (sop);
+      STRIP_TYPE_NOPS (uop);
+      base_type = (TREE_CODE (result_type) == COMPLEX_TYPE
+		   ? TREE_TYPE (result_type) : result_type);
+
+      /* Do not warn if the signed quantity is an unsuffixed integer
+         literal (or some static constant expression involving such
+         literals or a conditional expression involving such literals)
+         and it is non-negative.  */
+      if (tree_expr_nonnegative_warnv_p (sop, &ovf))
+        /* OK */;
+      /* Do not warn if the comparison is an equality operation, the
+         unsigned quantity is an integral constant, and it would fit
+         in the result if the result were signed.  */
+      else if (TREE_CODE (uop) == INTEGER_CST
+               && (resultcode == EQ_EXPR || resultcode == NE_EXPR)
+	       && int_fits_type_p (uop, c_common_signed_type (base_type)))
+        /* OK */;
+      /* In C, do not warn if the unsigned quantity is an enumeration
+         constant and its maximum value would fit in the result if the
+         result were signed.  */
+      else if (!c_dialect_cxx() && TREE_CODE (uop) == INTEGER_CST
+               && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (uop)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
+               && int_fits_type_p (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (TREE_TYPE (uop)),
+				   c_common_signed_type (base_type)))
+        /* OK */;
+      else
+        warning_at (location,
+		    OPT_Wsign_compare,
+		    "comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions");
+    }
+
+  /* Warn if two unsigned values are being compared in a size larger
+     than their original size, and one (and only one) is the result of
+     a `~' operator.  This comparison will always fail.
+
+     Also warn if one operand is a constant, and the constant does not
+     have all bits set that are set in the ~ operand when it is
+     extended.  */
+
+  op0 = get_narrower (op0, &unsignedp0);
+  op1 = get_narrower (op1, &unsignedp1);
+
+  if ((TREE_CODE (op0) == BIT_NOT_EXPR)
+      ^ (TREE_CODE (op1) == BIT_NOT_EXPR))
+    {
+      if (TREE_CODE (op0) == BIT_NOT_EXPR)
+	op0 = get_narrower (TREE_OPERAND (op0, 0), &unsignedp0);
+      if (TREE_CODE (op1) == BIT_NOT_EXPR)
+	op1 = get_narrower (TREE_OPERAND (op1, 0), &unsignedp1);
+
+      if (host_integerp (op0, 0) || host_integerp (op1, 0))
+        {
+          tree primop;
+          HOST_WIDE_INT constant, mask;
+          int unsignedp;
+          unsigned int bits;
+
+          if (host_integerp (op0, 0))
+            {
+              primop = op1;
+              unsignedp = unsignedp1;
+              constant = tree_low_cst (op0, 0);
+            }
+          else
+            {
+              primop = op0;
+              unsignedp = unsignedp0;
+              constant = tree_low_cst (op1, 0);
+            }
+
+          bits = TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (primop));
+          if (bits < TYPE_PRECISION (result_type)
+              && bits < HOST_BITS_PER_LONG && unsignedp)
+            {
+              mask = (~ (HOST_WIDE_INT) 0) << bits;
+              if ((mask & constant) != mask)
+		{
+		  if (constant == 0)
+		    warning (OPT_Wsign_compare,
+			     "promoted ~unsigned is always non-zero");
+		  else
+		    warning_at (location, OPT_Wsign_compare,
+				"comparison of promoted ~unsigned with constant");
+		}
+            }
+        }
+      else if (unsignedp0 && unsignedp1
+               && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (op0))
+                   < TYPE_PRECISION (result_type))
+               && (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (op1))
+                   < TYPE_PRECISION (result_type)))
+        warning_at (location, OPT_Wsign_compare,
+                 "comparison of promoted ~unsigned with unsigned");
+    }
+}
+
+/* RESULT_TYPE is the result of converting TYPE1 and TYPE2 to a common
+   type via c_common_type.  If -Wdouble-promotion is in use, and the
+   conditions for warning have been met, issue a warning.  GMSGID is
+   the warning message.  It must have two %T specifiers for the type
+   that was converted (generally "float") and the type to which it was
+   converted (generally "double), respectively.  LOC is the location
+   to which the awrning should refer.  */
+
+void
+do_warn_double_promotion (tree result_type, tree type1, tree type2,
+			 const char *gmsgid, location_t loc)
+{
+  tree source_type;
+
+  if (!warn_double_promotion)
+    return;
+  /* If the conversion will not occur at run-time, there is no need to
+     warn about it.  */
+  if (c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings)
+    return;
+  if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (result_type) != double_type_node
+      && TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (result_type) != complex_double_type_node)
+    return;
+  if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type1) == float_type_node
+      || TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type1) == complex_float_type_node)
+    source_type = type1;
+  else if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type2) == float_type_node
+	   || TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type2) == complex_float_type_node)
+    source_type = type2;
+  else
+    return;
+  warning_at (loc, OPT_Wdouble_promotion, gmsgid, source_type, result_type);
+}
+
+/* Setup a TYPE_DECL node as a typedef representation.
+
+   X is a TYPE_DECL for a typedef statement.  Create a brand new
+   ..._TYPE node (which will be just a variant of the existing
+   ..._TYPE node with identical properties) and then install X
+   as the TYPE_NAME of this brand new (duplicate) ..._TYPE node.
+
+   The whole point here is to end up with a situation where each
+   and every ..._TYPE node the compiler creates will be uniquely
+   associated with AT MOST one node representing a typedef name.
+   This way, even though the compiler substitutes corresponding
+   ..._TYPE nodes for TYPE_DECL (i.e. "typedef name") nodes very
+   early on, later parts of the compiler can always do the reverse
+   translation and get back the corresponding typedef name.  For
+   example, given:
+
+	typedef struct S MY_TYPE;
+	MY_TYPE object;
+
+   Later parts of the compiler might only know that `object' was of
+   type `struct S' if it were not for code just below.  With this
+   code however, later parts of the compiler see something like:
+
+	struct S' == struct S
+	typedef struct S' MY_TYPE;
+	struct S' object;
+
+    And they can then deduce (from the node for type struct S') that
+    the original object declaration was:
+
+		MY_TYPE object;
+
+    Being able to do this is important for proper support of protoize,
+    and also for generating precise symbolic debugging information
+    which takes full account of the programmer's (typedef) vocabulary.
+
+    Obviously, we don't want to generate a duplicate ..._TYPE node if
+    the TYPE_DECL node that we are now processing really represents a
+    standard built-in type.  */
+
+void
+set_underlying_type (tree x)
+{
+  if (x == error_mark_node)
+    return;
+  if (DECL_IS_BUILTIN (x))
+    {
+      if (TYPE_NAME (TREE_TYPE (x)) == 0)
+	TYPE_NAME (TREE_TYPE (x)) = x;
+    }
+  else if (TREE_TYPE (x) != error_mark_node
+	   && DECL_ORIGINAL_TYPE (x) == NULL_TREE)
+    {
+      tree tt = TREE_TYPE (x);
+      DECL_ORIGINAL_TYPE (x) = tt;
+      tt = build_variant_type_copy (tt);
+      TYPE_STUB_DECL (tt) = TYPE_STUB_DECL (DECL_ORIGINAL_TYPE (x));
+      TYPE_NAME (tt) = x;
+      TREE_USED (tt) = TREE_USED (x);
+      TREE_TYPE (x) = tt;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Record the types used by the current global variable declaration
+   being parsed, so that we can decide later to emit their debug info.
+   Those types are in types_used_by_cur_var_decl, and we are going to
+   store them in the types_used_by_vars_hash hash table.
+   DECL is the declaration of the global variable that has been parsed.  */
+
+void
+record_types_used_by_current_var_decl (tree decl)
+{
+  gcc_assert (decl && DECL_P (decl) && TREE_STATIC (decl));
+
+  while (!VEC_empty (tree, types_used_by_cur_var_decl))
+    {
+      tree type = VEC_pop (tree, types_used_by_cur_var_decl);
+      types_used_by_var_decl_insert (type, decl);
+    }
+}
+
+/* The C and C++ parsers both use vectors to hold function arguments.
+   For efficiency, we keep a cache of unused vectors.  This is the
+   cache.  */
+
+typedef VEC(tree,gc)* tree_gc_vec;
+DEF_VEC_P(tree_gc_vec);
+DEF_VEC_ALLOC_P(tree_gc_vec,gc);
+static GTY((deletable)) VEC(tree_gc_vec,gc) *tree_vector_cache;
+
+/* Return a new vector from the cache.  If the cache is empty,
+   allocate a new vector.  These vectors are GC'ed, so it is OK if the
+   pointer is not released..  */
+
+VEC(tree,gc) *
+make_tree_vector (void)
+{
+  if (!VEC_empty (tree_gc_vec, tree_vector_cache))
+    return VEC_pop (tree_gc_vec, tree_vector_cache);
+  else
+    {
+      /* Passing 0 to VEC_alloc returns NULL, and our callers require
+	 that we always return a non-NULL value.  The vector code uses
+	 4 when growing a NULL vector, so we do too.  */
+      return VEC_alloc (tree, gc, 4);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Release a vector of trees back to the cache.  */
+
+void
+release_tree_vector (VEC(tree,gc) *vec)
+{
+  if (vec != NULL)
+    {
+      VEC_truncate (tree, vec, 0);
+      VEC_safe_push (tree_gc_vec, gc, tree_vector_cache, vec);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Get a new tree vector holding a single tree.  */
+
+VEC(tree,gc) *
+make_tree_vector_single (tree t)
+{
+  VEC(tree,gc) *ret = make_tree_vector ();
+  VEC_quick_push (tree, ret, t);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* Get a new tree vector which is a copy of an existing one.  */
+
+VEC(tree,gc) *
+make_tree_vector_copy (const VEC(tree,gc) *orig)
+{
+  VEC(tree,gc) *ret;
+  unsigned int ix;
+  tree t;
+
+  ret = make_tree_vector ();
+  VEC_reserve (tree, gc, ret, VEC_length (tree, orig));
+  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree, orig, ix, t)
+    VEC_quick_push (tree, ret, t);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* Return true if KEYWORD starts a type specifier.  */
+
+bool
+keyword_begins_type_specifier (enum rid keyword)
+{
+  switch (keyword)
+    {
+    case RID_INT:
+    case RID_CHAR:
+    case RID_FLOAT:
+    case RID_DOUBLE:
+    case RID_VOID:
+    case RID_INT128:
+    case RID_UNSIGNED:
+    case RID_LONG:
+    case RID_SHORT:
+    case RID_SIGNED:
+    case RID_DFLOAT32:
+    case RID_DFLOAT64:
+    case RID_DFLOAT128:
+    case RID_FRACT:
+    case RID_ACCUM:
+    case RID_BOOL:
+    case RID_WCHAR:
+    case RID_CHAR16:
+    case RID_CHAR32:
+    case RID_SAT:
+    case RID_COMPLEX:
+    case RID_TYPEOF:
+    case RID_STRUCT:
+    case RID_CLASS:
+    case RID_UNION:
+    case RID_ENUM:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return true if KEYWORD names a type qualifier.  */
+
+bool
+keyword_is_type_qualifier (enum rid keyword)
+{
+  switch (keyword)
+    {
+    case RID_CONST:
+    case RID_VOLATILE:
+    case RID_RESTRICT:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return true if KEYWORD names a storage class specifier.
+
+   RID_TYPEDEF is not included in this list despite `typedef' being
+   listed in C99 6.7.1.1.  6.7.1.3 indicates that `typedef' is listed as
+   such for syntactic convenience only.  */
+
+bool
+keyword_is_storage_class_specifier (enum rid keyword)
+{
+  switch (keyword)
+    {
+    case RID_STATIC:
+    case RID_EXTERN:
+    case RID_REGISTER:
+    case RID_AUTO:
+    case RID_MUTABLE:
+    case RID_THREAD:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return true if KEYWORD names a function-specifier [dcl.fct.spec].  */
+
+static bool
+keyword_is_function_specifier (enum rid keyword)
+{
+  switch (keyword)
+    {
+    case RID_INLINE:
+    case RID_VIRTUAL:
+    case RID_EXPLICIT:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return true if KEYWORD names a decl-specifier [dcl.spec] or a
+   declaration-specifier (C99 6.7).  */
+
+bool
+keyword_is_decl_specifier (enum rid keyword)
+{
+  if (keyword_is_storage_class_specifier (keyword)
+      || keyword_is_type_qualifier (keyword)
+      || keyword_is_function_specifier (keyword))
+    return true;
+
+  switch (keyword)
+    {
+    case RID_TYPEDEF:
+    case RID_FRIEND:
+    case RID_CONSTEXPR:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+    }
+}
+
+#include "gt-c-family-c-common.h"