------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                                                                          --
--                         GNAT RUN-TIME COMPONENTS                         --
--                                                                          --
--                 G N A T . D Y N A M I C _ H T A B L E S                  --
--                                                                          --
--                                 S p e c                                  --
--                                                                          --
--                     Copyright (C) 1995-2017, AdaCore                     --
--                                                                          --
-- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
-- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
-- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
-- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
-- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
-- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.                                     --
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-- additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception,   --
-- version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.               --
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-- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and    --
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-- see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see    --
-- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.                                          --
--                                                                          --
-- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
-- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      --
--                                                                          --
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--  Hash table searching routines

--  This package contains three separate packages. The Simple_HTable package
--  provides a very simple abstraction that associates one element to one key
--  value and takes care of all allocations automatically using the heap. The
--  Static_HTable package provides a more complex interface that allows full
--  control over allocation. The Load_Factor_HTable package provides a more
--  complex abstraction where collisions are resolved by chaining, and the
--  table grows by a percentage after the load factor has been exceeded.

--  This package provides a facility similar to that of GNAT.HTable, except
--  that this package declares types that can be used to define dynamic
--  instances of hash tables, while instantiations in GNAT.HTable creates a
--  single instance of the hash table.

--  Note that this interface should remain synchronized with those in
--  GNAT.HTable to keep as much coherency as possible between these two
--  related units.

package GNAT.Dynamic_HTables is

   -------------------
   -- Static_HTable --
   -------------------

   --  A low-level Hash-Table abstraction, not as easy to instantiate as
   --  Simple_HTable. This mirrors the interface of GNAT.HTable.Static_HTable,
   --  but does require dynamic allocation (since we allow multiple instances
   --  of the table). The model is that each Element contains its own Key that
   --  can be retrieved by Get_Key. Furthermore, Element provides a link that
   --  can be used by the HTable for linking elements with same hash codes:

   --       Element

   --         +-------------------+
   --         |       Key         |
   --         +-------------------+
   --         :    other data     :
   --         +-------------------+
   --         |     Next Elmt     |
   --         +-------------------+

   generic
      type Header_Num is range <>;
      --  An integer type indicating the number and range of hash headers

      type Element (<>) is limited private;
      --  The type of element to be stored

      type Elmt_Ptr is private;
      --  The type used to reference an element (will usually be an access
      --  type, but could be some other form of type such as an integer type).

      Null_Ptr : Elmt_Ptr;
      --  The null value of the Elmt_Ptr type

      with procedure Set_Next (E : Elmt_Ptr; Next : Elmt_Ptr);
      with function  Next     (E : Elmt_Ptr) return Elmt_Ptr;
      --  The type must provide an internal link for the sake of the
      --  staticness of the HTable.

      type Key is limited private;
      with function Get_Key (E : Elmt_Ptr) return Key;
      with function Hash    (F : Key)      return Header_Num;
      with function Equal   (F1, F2 : Key) return Boolean;

   package Static_HTable is

      type Instance is private;
      Nil : constant Instance;

      procedure Reset (T : in out Instance);
      --  Resets the hash table by releasing all memory associated with
      --  it. The hash table can safely be reused after this call. For the
      --  most common case where Elmt_Ptr is an access type, and Null_Ptr is
      --  null, this is only needed if the same table is reused in a new
      --  context. If Elmt_Ptr is other than an access type, or Null_Ptr is
      --  other than null, then Reset must be called before the first use of
      --  the hash table.

      procedure Set (T : in out Instance; E : Elmt_Ptr);
      --  Insert the element pointer in the HTable

      function Get (T : Instance; K : Key) return Elmt_Ptr;
      --  Returns the latest inserted element pointer with the given Key
      --  or null if none.

      procedure Remove (T : Instance; K : Key);
      --  Removes the latest inserted element pointer associated with the
      --  given key if any, does nothing if none.

      function Get_First (T : Instance) return Elmt_Ptr;
      --  Returns Null_Ptr if the Htable is empty, otherwise returns one
      --  unspecified element. There is no guarantee that 2 calls to this
      --  function will return the same element.

      function Get_Next (T : Instance) return Elmt_Ptr;
      --  Returns an unspecified element that has not been returned by the
      --  same function since the last call to Get_First or Null_Ptr if
      --  there is no such element or Get_First has never been called. If
      --  there is no call to 'Set' in between Get_Next calls, all the
      --  elements of the Htable will be traversed.

   private
      type Table_Type is array (Header_Num) of Elmt_Ptr;

      type Instance_Data is record
         Table            : Table_Type;
         Iterator_Index   : Header_Num;
         Iterator_Ptr     : Elmt_Ptr;
         Iterator_Started : Boolean := False;
      end record;

      type Instance is access all Instance_Data;

      Nil : constant Instance := null;
   end Static_HTable;

   -------------------
   -- Simple_HTable --
   -------------------

   --  A simple hash table abstraction, easy to instantiate, easy to use.
   --  The table associates one element to one key with the procedure Set.
   --  Get retrieves the Element stored for a given Key. The efficiency of
   --  retrieval is function of the size of the Table parameterized by
   --  Header_Num and the hashing function Hash.

   generic
      type Header_Num is range <>;
      --  An integer type indicating the number and range of hash headers

      type Element is private;
      --  The type of element to be stored

      No_Element : Element;
      --  The object that is returned by Get when no element has been set for
      --  a given key

      type Key is private;
      with function Hash  (F : Key)      return Header_Num;
      with function Equal (F1, F2 : Key) return Boolean;

   package Simple_HTable is

      type Instance is private;
      Nil : constant Instance;

      type Key_Option (Present : Boolean := False) is record
         case Present is
            when True  => K : Key;
            when False => null;
         end case;
      end record;

      procedure Set (T : in out Instance; K : Key; E : Element);
      --  Associates an element with a given key. Overrides any previously
      --  associated element.

      procedure Reset (T : in out Instance);
      --  Releases all memory associated with the table. The table can be
      --  reused after this call (it is automatically allocated on the first
      --  access to the table).

      function Get (T : Instance; K : Key) return Element;
      --  Returns the Element associated with a key or No_Element if the given
      --  key has not associated element

      procedure Remove (T : Instance; K : Key);
      --  Removes the latest inserted element pointer associated with the given
      --  key if any, does nothing if none.

      function Get_First (T : Instance) return Element;
      --  Returns No_Element if the Htable is empty, otherwise returns one
      --  unspecified element. There is no guarantee that two calls to this
      --  function will return the same element, if the Htable has been
      --  modified between the two calls.

      function Get_First_Key (T : Instance) return Key_Option;
      --  Returns an option type giving an unspecified key. If the Htable
      --  is empty, the discriminant will have field Present set to False,
      --  otherwise its Present field is set to True and the field K contains
      --  the key. There is no guarantee that two calls to this function will
      --  return the same key, if the Htable has been modified between the two
      --  calls.

      function Get_Next (T : Instance) return Element;
      --  Returns an unspecified element that has not been returned by the
      --  same function since the last call to Get_First or No_Element if
      --  there is no such element. If there is no call to 'Set' in between
      --  Get_Next calls, all the elements of the Htable will be traversed.
      --  To guarantee that all the elements of the Htable will be traversed,
      --  no modification of the Htable (Set, Reset, Remove) should occur
      --  between a call to Get_First and subsequent consecutive calls to
      --  Get_Next, until one of these calls returns No_Element.

      function Get_Next_Key (T : Instance) return Key_Option;
      --  Same as Get_Next except that this returns an option type having field
      --  Present set either to False if there no key never returned before by
      --  either Get_First_Key or this very same function, or to True if there
      --  is one, with the field K containing the key specified as before. The
      --  same restrictions apply as Get_Next.

   private

      type Element_Wrapper;
      type Elmt_Ptr is access all Element_Wrapper;
      type Element_Wrapper is record
         K    : Key;
         E    : Element;
         Next : Elmt_Ptr;
      end record;

      procedure Set_Next (E : Elmt_Ptr; Next : Elmt_Ptr);
      function  Next     (E : Elmt_Ptr) return Elmt_Ptr;
      function  Get_Key  (E : Elmt_Ptr) return Key;

      package Tab is new Static_HTable
        (Header_Num => Header_Num,
         Element    => Element_Wrapper,
         Elmt_Ptr   => Elmt_Ptr,
         Null_Ptr   => null,
         Set_Next   => Set_Next,
         Next       => Next,
         Key        => Key,
         Get_Key    => Get_Key,
         Hash       => Hash,
         Equal      => Equal);

      type Instance is new Tab.Instance;
      Nil : constant Instance := Instance (Tab.Nil);

   end Simple_HTable;

end GNAT.Dynamic_HTables;