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57
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1 6809 Simulator/Emulator with os9 level1/level2
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2 Shini KONO (kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp) Mon Jul 23 10:59:06 JST 2018
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3
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4 using nitros9
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5 hg clone http://hg.code.sf.net/p/nitros9/code nitros9-code
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6
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7 This emulator support vrbf ( simulate unix directory as a rbf disk ) and
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8 ROM based boot.
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9
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10 make clean; make
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11
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12 to run lv1 or lv2
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13
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14 make lv1
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15 or
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16 make lv2
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17
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18 =======================
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19
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20 sbc09 stands for Lennart Benschop 6809 Single Board Computer.
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21 It contains a assembler and simulator for the Motorola M6809 processor.
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22
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23 copyleft (c) 1994-2014 by the sbc09 team, see AUTHORS for more details.
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24 license: GNU General Public License version 2, see LICENSE for more details.
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25
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26
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27 Forum thread: http://archive.worldofdragon.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=4880
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28 Project: https://github.com/6809/sbc09
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29
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30
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31 For the usage of the assembler a09 and 6809 single board system v09
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32 read doc/sbc09.creole!
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33
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34
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35 This distribution includes two different kinds of simulators:
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36 1. The old sim6809 based "simple" simulator built as v09s, v09st
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37 2. The 6809 single board system as a stand alone environment built as v09
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38
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39
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40
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41 Structure
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42 ---------
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43
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44 src/
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45 Source for the developement tools and virtual machines ...
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46
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47 a09.c
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48 The 6809 assembler. It's fairly portable (ANSI) C. It works on both
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49 Unix and DOS (TC2.0).
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50
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51 Features of the assembler:
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52 - generates binary file starting at the first address
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53 where code is actually generated. So an initial block of RMB's
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54 (maybe at a different ORG) is not included in the file.
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55 - Accepts standard syntax.
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56 - full expression evaluator.
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57 - Statements SET, MACRO, PUBLIC, EXTERN IF/ELSE/ENDIF INCLUDE not yet
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58 implemented. Some provisions are already made internally for macros
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59 and/or relocatable objects.
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60
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61 v09s.c
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62 The (old) 6809 simulator. Loads a binary image (from a09) at adress $100
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63 and starts executing. SWI2 and SWI3 are for character output/input.
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64 SYNC stops simulation. When compiling set -DBIG_ENDIAN if your
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65 computer is big-endian. Set TERM_CONTROL for a crude single character
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66 (instead of ANSI line-by-line) input. Works on Unix.
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67
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68 v09stc.c
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69 Same as v09s.c but for Turbo C. Has its own term control.
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70
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71 v09.c
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72 engine.c
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73 io.c
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74 The 6809 single board simulator/emulator v09.
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75
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76 mon2.asm
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77 Monitor progam, alternative version of monitor.asm
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78 (used in ROM image alt09.rom)
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79
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80 monitor.asm
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81 Monitor progam (used in ROM image v09.rom for v09)
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82
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83 makerom.c
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84 Helper tool to generate ROM images for v09.
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85
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86
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87 basic/
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88 Basic interpreters ...
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89
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90 basic.asm
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91 Tiny Basic
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92 fbasic.asm
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93 Tiny Basic with Lennarts floating point routines.
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94
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95
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96 doc/
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97 Documentation ...
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98
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99
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100 examples/
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101 Several test and benchmark programs, simple routines and some bigger stuff
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102 like a Forth system (ef09).
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103
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104 ef09.asm Implementation of E-Forth, a very rudimentary and portable Forth.
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105 Type WORDS to see what words you have. You can evaluate RPN integer
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106 expressions, like "12 34 + 5 * . " You can make new words like
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107 " : SQUARED DUP * ; " etc.
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108
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109
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110 examples_forth/
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111 Forth environment with examples.
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112 For the 6809 single board system.
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113
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114
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115
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116
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117 Notes on Linux Fedora Core 6
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118 ----------------------------
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119 2012-06-04
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120
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121 Compiling v09s, v09st:
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122
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123 * BIG_ENDIAN (already used by LINUX itself, changed to CPU_BIG_ENDIAN)
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124 Now automatically set according to BIG_ENDIAN and BYTE_ORDER
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125 if existing.
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126
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127 * If TERM_CONTROL mode is active the keyboard is not really in raw mode -
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128 keyboard signals are still allowed.
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129
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130 * A tracefilter based on register values can be placed in the TRACE area to
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131 get tracing output triggered by special states
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132
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133
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134
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135 a09 Assembler
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136 -------------
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137
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138 Bugfixes:
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139 * addres modes a,INDEXREG b,INDEXREG d,INDEXREG now known
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140 as *legal*!
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141
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142 Extended version:
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143 http://lennartb.home.xs4all.nl/A09.c
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144 (see above)
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145
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146 * options -x and -s produces output in Intel Binary/Srecord format,
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147 contains the above mentioned bugfixes (but fixed by the original
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148 author).
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149
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150
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151
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152
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153 v09s* Simulator
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154 ---------------
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155
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156 ### CC register
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157
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158 E F H I N Z V C Flag
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159 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit
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160 | | | | | | | |
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161 | | | | | | | +- $01
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162 | | | | | | +--- $02
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163 | | | | | +----- $04
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164 | | | | +------- $08
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165 | | | +--------- $10
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166 | | +----------- $20
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167 | +------------- $40
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168 +--------------- $80
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169
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170
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171 # differences from real 6809:
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172
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184
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173 ldd #$0fc9
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174 addb #$40 ; $C9+$40 -> $09 -> C=1
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175 adca #$00 ; $0F+C -> $10 -> H=1
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176
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177 Should Set the half-carry!
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178
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179 For this example the half-carry is set on a real 6809, also correctly
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180 emulated on the VCC. v09s does the same.
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181
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182 According to "Motorola 6809 and Hitachi 6309 Programmer's Reference"
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183 the half-carry is only properly set for ADD and ADC (on 8-bit accumulators).
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184 For ASR, ASL (= LSL), CMP, SBC, SUB this condition flag is undefined.
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185 The v09s simulator calculates the half-carry also for ASR and ASL.
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186
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187 ASL does the following:
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188 * sets H if bit 4 was set.
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189 * clears H if bit was not set.
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190
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191 ASR (=LSR) does the following:
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192 * xxx1 xxxx --- (LSR|ASR) ---> xxxx 1xxx => H=1
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193 * xxx0 xxxx --- (LSR|ASR) ---> xxxx 0xxx => H=0
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194
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195
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196 But note: LSR never touches the half-carry!
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197
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198
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199 ## TFR/EXG with unaligned register sizes
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57
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200
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184
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201 See http://archive.worldofdragon.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=5512
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202 Points to the 6309 behavior which is not compatible to 6809!
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203
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204 tfr x,b ; 6809,6309: b low byte of x, a unchanged
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205 tfr x,a ; 6809, a low byte of x, b unchanged
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206 ; on a 6309: a high(!) byte of x, b unchanged
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207
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208 Might be used to get the low byte out of an index register without harm
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209 the A register:
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210
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211 instead of
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212 pushs a
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213 tfr x,d
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214 andb #$1f
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215 it could be used
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216 tfr x,b
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217 andb #$1f ; a left untouched!
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218
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219 REF: http://www.6809.org.uk/dragon/illegal-opcodes.shtml
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220 REF: http://archive.worldofdragon.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=4886
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221
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222 tfr a,x ; low byte of x has value of a, high byte is $FF
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223 tfr b,x ; low byte of x has value of b, high byte is $FF
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224
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225 exg a,x ; low byte of x has value of a, high byte is $FF
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226 exg b,x ; low byte of x has value of b, high byte is $FF
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227
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228 According to Motorola 6809 and Hitachi 6309 Programmer's Reference
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229
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230 Except for the case where the first operand is 8 bit and register CC or DP:
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231 In this case the 16-bit register has the value of the 8-bit register in
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232 high and low byte!
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57
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233
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234
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235 ### special behavior
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236
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237 swi2 output character (STDOUT) in register B
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238 swi3 read character from keyboard into register B
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239 sync exit simulator
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240
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241
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242 ### start program
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243 v09s BINARY
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244
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245 ### start program with tracing output on STDOUT
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246 v09st BINARY
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247
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248 ### run program and leave memory dump (64k)
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249
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250 # memory dump in file dump.v09
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251 v09s -d BINARY
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252
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253
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254
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255 ### Bugfixes
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256
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257 * static int index;
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258 otherwise the global C library function index() is referenced!
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259 Write access on it leads to a core dump.
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260
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261 * BIG_ENDIAN is not useable in FLAG because (POSIX?) Unix
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262 (especially Linux) defines its byte order.
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263 If BIG_ENDIAN == BYTE_ORDER -> architecture is big endian!
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264 Changed to CPU_BIG_ENDIAN, which is refering BIG_ENDIAN and
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265 BYTE_ORDER automatically (if existent).
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266
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267
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268
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269
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270
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271
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272 eForth
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273 ------
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274
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275 Source:
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276
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277 ef09.asm
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278
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279 Backspace character changed from 127 to 8.
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280
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281
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282 Memory-Layout:
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283
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284 0100 At this address the binary is placed to, the Forth entry point
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285 03C0 USER area start
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286 4000 Memory TOP
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287
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288
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289 I/O:
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290 Keyboard input:
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291 * ^H or BSP deletes character
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292 * RETURN -> interrupts (long) output
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293
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294 Start:
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295
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296 ../v09s ef09
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297
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298
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299 Bugs:
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300 SEE ;
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301 STAR (*) : * UM* DROP ; ... wrong,
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302 : * M* DROP ; ... correct (sign!)
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303
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304 Typical commands:
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305
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306 Commands alway in upper case!!!
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307
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308 WORD list of defined words of the current vocabulary
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309
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310 BYE exit Forth (back to shell)
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311 DUMP hex memory dump
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312 SEE HL-word decompiler, corrected:
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313 * stops at EXIT
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314 * handles more special primitives (literals, strings,
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315 variable, constants))
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316 * handles Direct Threading
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317 * output line by line with address
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318 .S shows the content of the parameter stack
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319
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320 count FOR ... NEXT
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321 replacement for
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322 hi lo DO ... I ... LOOP
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323 hi lo - 1+ FOR ... R@ lo + ... NEXT
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324
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325
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326
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327
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328 Extensions:
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329
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330 ZEQUAL 0= Primitive
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331 PLUS1 1+ Primitive, added
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332 2012-06-07
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333 ROLL ROLL HL, added
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334 CONST CONSTANT HL, added
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335 doCONST Primitive, added
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336
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337 2012-06-08
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338 TWOSTAR 2* Primtive, added
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339 TWOSLASH 2/ Primtive, added
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340 MINUS1 1- Primtive, added
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341 SWAPHL >< Primtive, added
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342 STAR256 256* Primtive, added
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343 SLASH256 256/ Primtive, added
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344 CMOVE CMOVE Primtive
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345 FILL FILL Primtive
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346 2012-06-09
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347 ULESS U< Primitive
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348 LESS < Primitive
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349 DO DO HL, added
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350 QDO ?DO HL, added
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351 DODO (DO) Primitive, added
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352 DOQDO (?DO) Primitive, added
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353 LOOP LOOP HL, added
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354 PLOOP +LOOP HL, added
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355 DOLOOP (LOOP) Primitive, added
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356 DOPLOOP (+LOOP) Primitive, added
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357
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358 2012-06-11
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359 NEGAT NEGATE Primitive, alternative added
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360 UMSTA UM* Primitive, but without MUL
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361 LSHIFT LSHIFT Primitive, added
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362 RSHIFT RSHIFT Primitive, added
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363 2012-06-12
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364 LEAVE LEAVE Primitive, added (fig Forth)
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365 MDO -DO HL, added
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366 DOMDO (-DO) Primitive, added
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367 I I Primitive, added (same as R@)
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368 CMOVEW CMOVE Primitive, other implementation
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369 STAR * korr.: uses M* (instead UM*)
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370 BLANK BL Constant
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371
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372 2012-06-19
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373 USLASH U/ Primitive, same as UM/MOD
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374 UM/MOD uses USLASH
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375
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376 2012-06-20
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377 DPLUS D+ Primitive
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378 DSUB D- HL
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379 ZERO 0 Constant
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380 ONE 1 Constant
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381 TWO 2 Constant
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382 MONE -1 Constant
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383 DOCLIT doCLIT Primitive
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384 2012-06-21
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385 SEE SEE extended: handles LIT, CLIT
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386 2012-06-22
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387 SEE SEE extended: handles
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388 BRANCH,?BRANCH,?DO,-DO,LOOP,+LOOP,."..."
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389
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390 2012-09-07
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391 SEE SEE ABORT", (DO) added, remarks corrected.
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392
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393 TODO:
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394 * XXX marks points to open issues.
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395 * SEE command:
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396 handling of
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397 - [COMPILE]
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398 - DOCONST, DOVAR, DOUSE
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399
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400
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401 TEST:
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402
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403 HEX ok
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404 0 8000 8001 U/ . . FFFE 2 ok
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405 FFFE 8001 U* . . U* ? ok
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406 FFFE 8001 UM* . . 7FFF FFFE ok
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407 FFFE 8001 UM* 2 0 D+ . . 8000 0 ok
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408
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409 0 8000 7FFF U/ . . FFFF FFFF ok
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410 0 FFFF FFFF U/ . . FFFF FFFF ok
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411 0 FFFE FFFF U/ . . FFFE FFFE ok
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412 FFFF FFFF UM* . . FFFE 1 ok
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413 FFFF FFFE FFFF U/ . . FFFF FFFE ok
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414
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415
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416
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417
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418
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419 Links/References
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420 ================
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421
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422
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423 Project:
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424 https://github.com/6809/sbc09
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425 Maintained by the original author and others.
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426
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427 Source:
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428 http://groups.google.com/group/alt.sources/browse_thread/thread/8bfd60536ec34387/94a7cce3fdc5df67
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429 Autor: Lennart Benschop lennart@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl,
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430 lennartb@xs4all.nl (Webpage, Subject must start with "Your Homepage"!)
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431
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432 Newsgroups: alt.sources
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433 From: lennart@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Lennart Benschop)
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434 Date: 3 Nov 1993 15:21:16 GMT
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435 Local: Mi 3 Nov. 1993 17:21
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436 Subject: 6809 assembler and simulator (examples) 2/2
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437
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438
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439 Homepage/Download links of Lennart Benschop:
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440 http://lennartb.home.xs4all.nl/m6809.html
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441 http://lennartb.home.xs4all.nl/sbc09.tar.gz
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442 http://lennartb.home.xs4all.nl/A09.c
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443
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444
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445 Emulator for 6809 written in Python, can run sbc09 ROM:
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446 https://github.com/jedie/DragonPy/
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447
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448
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449 Newer posting in alt.sources (1994):
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450
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451 Newsgroups: alt.sources
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452 From: lenn...@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Lennart Benschop)
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453 Date: 17 May 1994 08:13:25 GMT
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454 Local: Di 17 Mai 1994 10:13
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455 Subject: 6809 assembler/simulator (3 of 3)
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456
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457
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458 Referenced by:
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459
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460 http://foldoc.org/6809
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461 Reference points to posting with buggy version from 1993.
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462
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463 http://lennartb.home.xs4all.nl/m6809.html
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464 BAD LINK: http://www.sandelman.ocunix.on.ca/People/Alan_DeKok/interests/6809.html
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465 -> http://www.sandelman.ottawa.on.ca/People/Alan_DeKok/interests/
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466 6809 specific site will be redirected, but does not exist.
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467
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468 Internet-Archiv:
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469 https://web.archive.org/web/20070112041235/http://www.striker.ottawa.on.ca/6809/
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470 2014-05-01: Lennart B. lennartb@xs4all.nl has been informed.
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471
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472 http://archive.worldofdragon.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=4308&start=60#p9750
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