\documentclass[envcountsame]{llncs}
\usepackage[dvipdfmx]{graphicx}
\usepackage{llncsdoc}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{listings}


%\title{The implementation of recursive type syntax on GCC-4.6 for CbC}
\title{Recursive type syntax in Continuation based C}
\titlerunning{title running}
\toctitle{toc title}
%\subtitle{sub title}
\author{Shinji Kono\inst{1} Nobuyasu Oshiro\inst{2}}
\authorrunning{authorrunning}
\institute{University of the Ryukyus}
\email{}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
We have implemented Continuation based C (CbC).
CbC is an extension of C, which has parameterized goto statement.
It is useful for finite state automaton or many core tasks. 
Goto statement is a way to force tail call elimination.
The destination of goto statement is called Code Segment, which is actually a normal function of C.
To represent recursive function call, the type system of C is not enough, because
it has no recursive types.
We introduce \verb+__rectype+ keyword for recursive type, and it is implemented in GCC-4.6.0.
We will compare the conventional methods, \verb+__rectype+ keyword and a method using C structure.
Also we show usage of CbC and it's benchmark.

\end{abstract}


\section{Introduce}



\subsection{subsection}

\subsubsection{subsubsection}
\paragraph{paragraph}


\section{Continuation based C}

\section{recursive type syntax}
We implemeted \verb+__rectype+ syntax on GCC.
\verb+__rectype+ syntax is declare a recursive type.

\subsection{What is recursive type}
Recursive type is 



\begin{lstlisting}
__code csA( __code (*p)( __code (*)( __code (*)( __code )))) {
    goto p(csB);
}
\end{lstlisting}


This example is rectype syntax:

\begin{lstlisting}
__code csA( __rectype *p) {
    goto p(csB);
}
\end{lstlisting}


\begin{figure}[htpb]
  \begin{minipage}{0.5\hsize}
  \begin{center}
\scalebox{0.35}{\includegraphics{figure/tree1.pdf}}
  \end{center}
  \caption{}
  \label{fig:tree1}
  \end{minipage}
  \begin{minipage}{0.2\hsize}
  \begin{center}
\scalebox{0.35}{\includegraphics{figure/tree2.pdf}}
  \end{center}
  \caption{\_\_rectype}
  \label{fig:tree2}
\end{minipage}
\end{figure}




\begin{lstlisting}
struct interface {
     __code (*next)(struct interface);
};

__code csA(struct interface p) {
     struct interface ds = { csB };
     goto p.next(ds);
}

int main() {
     struct interface ds = { print };
     goto csA(ds);
     return 0;
}
\end{lstlisting}





\begin{lstlisting}
__code fibonacci(__rectype *p, int num,  int count, int result, int prev) {
\end{lstlisting}






\begin{table}[htpb]
\centering
\small
\begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|} \hline
(unit: s) & ./conv1 1 & ./conv1 2 &  ./conv1 3 \\ \hline
Micro-C(32bit)         & 9.93 & 6.31 & 7.18 \\ \hline 
Micro-C(64bit)         & 5.03 & 5.12 & 5.00 \\ \hline \hline
GCC -O3(32bit)         & 2.52 & 2.34 & 1.53 \\ \hline
GCC -O3(64bit)         & 1.80 & 1.20 & 1.44 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Micro-C, GCC bench mark (in sec)}
\label{tab:mc,gcc,compare}
\end{table}







\bibliographystyle{junsrt}
\bibliography{cbc}
\nocite{kono:2002a, kono:2000a, kono:2008a, yogi:2008a, yogi:2008b, yan:2002a,gcc_internals}



\end{document}