\documentclass[preprint]{sigplanconf}

% The following \documentclass options may be useful:

% preprint      Remove this option only once the paper is in final form.
% 10pt          To set in 10-point type instead of 9-point.
% 11pt          To set in 11-point type instead of 9-point.
% authoryear    To obtain author/year citation style instead of numeric.

\usepackage{amsmath}


\begin{document}

\special{papersize=8.5in,11in}
\setlength{\pdfpageheight}{\paperheight}
\setlength{\pdfpagewidth}{\paperwidth}

\conferenceinfo{ICFP '15}{August 31 - September 2 , 2015, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada}
\copyrightyear{2015}
\copyrightdata{978-1-nnnn-nnnn-n/yy/mm}
\doi{nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}

% Uncomment one of the following two, if you are not going for the
% traditional copyright transfer agreement.

%\exclusivelicense                % ACM gets exclusive license to publish,
                                  % you retain copyright

%\permissiontopublish             % ACM gets nonexclusive license to publish
                                  % (paid open-access papers,
                                  % short abstracts)

%\titlebanner{banner above paper title}        % These are ignored unless
\preprintfooter{Formalization of Program Modifications using Monad}   % 'preprint' option specified.

\title{Formalization of Program Modifications using Monad}

\subtitle{}

\authorinfo{Yasutaka HIGA}
           {Department of Information Engineering \\ University of the Ryukyus}
           {atton@cr.ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp}
\authorinfo{Shiji KONO}
           {University of the Ryukyus}
           {kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
This is the text of the abstract.
\end{abstract}

\category{CR-number}{subcategory}{third-level}

% general terms are not compulsory anymore,
% you may leave them out
\terms
term1, term2

\keywords
keyword1, keyword2

\section{Formalization of Modifications}
In software development, programs was modified for implementing features, refactoring, and more.
However, defective modifies decreases reliability of program.
Formalization of program modifications proposed to improves reliability.
Especially, We formalized modifications using Monad.
Monad provides notions of meta computations (partiality, nondeterminism, side-effects, ...) in functional program.
We define meta computation notated modifications list like structure named Delta Monad.

Delta Monad represents modifications by accumulates all versions of a program.
Accumulated modifications can computes by meta computation.
In this paper, We propose meta computation execute a program includes modifications simultaneously on Delta.
Additionally, Delta Monad can be used with other Monads for more computations of modifications.

\section{Programs and Monads}
Programs notated typed lambda calculus constructed values and abstractions.
Abstractions maps value to value.
Every lambda term has a type.
Value x has type A notated $ x : A $.
Abstraction f has a argument of type A and return value of type B notated $ f : A \rightarrow B $.

\begin{eqnarray}
    x : A \\
    f : A \rightarrow B \\
    f x : B
\end{eqnarray}

Execution of a program is application of abstraction.
Some computations can not be notated abstraction like Input/Output are meta computation.
Meta computations are computations for implements computations.



\section{Definition of Delta Monad}
\section{An example of program includes modification}
\section{DeltaM combinator with other Monads}
\section{An example of program includes modification with traces}
\section{Conclusion and future works}

\appendix
\section{Appendix Title}

This is the text of the appendix, if you need one.

\acks

Acknowledgments, if needed.

% We recommend abbrvnat bibliography style.

\bibliographystyle{abbrvnat}

% The bibliography should be embedded for final submission.

\begin{thebibliography}{}
\softraggedright

\bibitem[Smith et~al.(2009)Smith, Jones]{smith02}
P. Q. Smith, and X. Y. Jones. ...reference text...

\end{thebibliography}


\end{document}

%                       Revision History
%                       -------- -------
%  Date         Person  Ver.    Change
%  ----         ------  ----    ------

%  2013.06.29   TU      0.1--4  comments on permission/copyright notices