Mercurial > hg > Papers > 2020 > mk-sigiot
changeset 28:1c5b6f768ae2
update slide
author | Ken Miyahira <e175733@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp> |
---|---|
date | Tue, 01 Sep 2020 14:07:01 +0900 |
parents | a69ae277bd6a |
children | 01e61c619a1b |
files | paper/Images/nagi.graffle slide/images/conlist.png slide/images/create.png slide/images/create2.png slide/images/gitlab.pdf slide/images/gitlab.png slide/images/kube.png slide/images/ope.png slide/slide.html slide/slide.md |
diffstat | 10 files changed, 460 insertions(+), 103 deletions(-) [+] |
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svg[data-marp-fitting=svg].__reflow__{position:relative}}div#p>svg>foreignObject>section [data-marp-fitting-svg-content]{display:table;white-space:nowrap}div#p>svg>foreignObject>section [data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap]{white-space:pre}div#p>svg>foreignObject>section img[data-marp-twemoji]{background:transparent;height:1em;margin:0 .05em 0 .1em;vertical-align:-.1em;width:1em} /*! * Marp default theme. * @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="1" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="1" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1><svg data-marp-fitting="svg"><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content> 情報工学科演習用のコンテナ技術を用いた新規サービスの設計・実装</span></foreignObject></svg></h1> <ul> @@ -32,47 +32,25 @@ background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="2" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="2" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>研究目的</h1> <ul> <li>情報技術の普及に伴い情報系の学生が課題や演習を行う学習環境が必要である</li> -<li>学生の課題や演習によっては, 並列処理が必要となるものがある +<li>学習環境として VM や コンテナがあるが, 使用には高性能 PC が必要となる <ul> -<li>例えば, 機械学習の課題など</li> -<li>だが, コース推奨の PC では性能的に厳しい</li> +<li>並列処理で GPU の使用など</li> </ul> </li> <li>近年ではクラウドサービスが普及しているが, 制限があったり有料だったりする</li> -<li>学科のサーバを利用して, 学生が利用できる学習環境を提供したい</li> +<li>オンプレミス環境で学生が利用できる学習環境を提供したい</li> </ul> </section> </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="3" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="3" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; -;"> -<h1>学習環境で要求されること</h1> -<ul> -<li>高性能な環境 -<ul> -<li>並列処理のために GPU を利用できるなど</li> -</ul> -</li> -<li>学習環境の構築を自由に行える環境 -<ul> -<li>利用技術のバージョンの変更</li> -<li>ライブラリのインストールなど</li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -</section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="4" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { - background-color: #FFFFFF; - font-size: 28px; -} -" data-marpit-pagination="4" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="3" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>本コースで利用しているサービス</h1> <p>本コースでは, 学生が課題や演習などで利用できる VM の貸出を行うサービスがある。</p> @@ -81,13 +59,7 @@ <p>Akatsuki</p> <ul> <li>Web コンソールから VM の作成などができる</li> -<li>デフォルトのスペック -<ul> -<li>CPU 1 コア</li> -<li>メモリ 1GB</li> -<li>ディスク 10GB</li> -</ul> -</li> +<li>利用には申請が必要</li> </ul> </li> <li> @@ -99,11 +71,11 @@ </li> </ul> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="5" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="4" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="5" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="4" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>本コースで利用しているサービス</h1> <p>VM 貸出サービスはどちらも libvirt と virsh の機能を用いて実装されている。</p> @@ -124,23 +96,41 @@ </li> </ul> </section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="5" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="5" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>本コースで利用しているサービス</h1> +<ul> +<li> +<p>デフォルトのスペック</p> +<ul> +<li>CPU 1コア</li> +<li>メモリ 1GB</li> +<li>ディスク 10GB</li> +</ul> +</li> +<li> +<p>GPU の使用に対応していない</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>PCI パススルーが必要である</p> +<ul> +<li>VM 1つに 1台の GPU が必要となる</li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<p>そこで新たにコンテナ技術を用いて学生の学習環境を提供するサービスの実装を行った。</p> +</section> </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="6" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="6" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="6" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> -<h1>本コースで利用しているサービス</h1> -<p>VM 貸出サービスで学科サーバに搭載される GPU を利用するには, PCI パススルーを行う必要がある。だが, PCI パススルーでは 1つの VM に 1台の GPU となるため, 学生全員で利用するには現実的ではない。</p> -<p>そこで新たにコンテナ技術を用いて学生の学習環境を提供するサービスの実装を行った。</p> -</section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="7" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { - background-color: #FFFFFF; - font-size: 28px; -} -" data-marpit-pagination="7" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; -;"> -<h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> +<h1>新規サービスの設計</h1> <p>コンテナ貸出を行うため, コンテナ仮想化を利用できる Docker と Kubernetes, Singularity を利用する。</p> <ul> <li> @@ -164,15 +154,121 @@ </li> </ul> </section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="7" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="7" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの設計</h1> +<p>コンテナで学習環境を提供するにあたって以下の用件が必要となる。</p> +<ul> +<li> +<p>他のユーザのコンテナを削除や操作ができない</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>コンテナで使用するイメージを自由に作成できる</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>学科サーバに搭載される GPU を利用できる</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>ファイル共有</p> +</li> +</ul> +</section> </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="8" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="8" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="8" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの設計</h1> +<p>他のユーザのコンテナを削除や操作ができなくするために, Web コンソールを用意する。</p> +<ul> +<li>学生は学科アカウントでログインする</li> +<li>作成したコンテナとアカウントを紐付ける</li> +</ul> +<p><img src="images/conlist.png" alt="" /></p> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="9" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="9" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの設計</h1> +<p>イメージの作成には, 学科で使用している GitLab の CI/CD 機能を利用する。</p> +<ul> +<li>Web コンソールで CI トークンを設定する</li> +<li>学科の GitLab の CI で Dockerfile をビルドする</li> +</ul> +<p><img src="images/gitlab.png" alt="" /></p> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="10" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="10" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの設計</h1> +<p>GPU を利用するために, NVIDIA Container Toolkit を導入する。</p> +<ul> +<li>NVIDIA Container Toolkit である nvidia-docker を利用する</li> +<li>CUDA のバージョンを指定できる</li> +</ul> +<pre><code class="language-yaml"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap><span class="hljs-string">FROM</span> <span class="hljs-string">nvidia/cuda:10.0-base</span> +</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="11" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="11" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの設計</h1> +<p>ファイル共有のとして, Singularity を利用する。</p> +<ul> +<li>$HOME, /tmp, /proc, /sys, /dev がコンテナにマウントされる</li> +<li><code>--nv</code> で GPU を利用することも可能となる</li> +</ul> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="12" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="12" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> -<p>Docker の操作には Docker Engine SDKs を使用し, コンテナやイメージの操作に必要な機能を抜き出し実装した。<br /> -実装した機能は以下である。</p> +<p>コンテナ貸出を行うサービスとして以下の機能を実装した。</p> +<ul> +<li>Web コンソール</li> +<li>Docker の操作</li> +<li>Kubernetes の操作</li> +<li>Singularity イメージの提供</li> +</ul> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="13" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="13" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> +<p>Web コンソールとして以下の機能を実装した。</p> +<ul> +<li>本コースの教員や学生が利用できるように LDAP 認証</li> +<li>コンテナやイメージの管理を行う DB</li> +</ul> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="14" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="14" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> +<p>Docker の操作には Docker Engine SDKs を使用し, コンテナやイメージの操作に必要な機能を抜き出し実装した。実装した機能は以下である。</p> <ul> <li>コンテナの作成</li> <li>コンテナの削除</li> @@ -182,11 +278,36 @@ <li>イメージの一覧取得</li> </ul> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="9" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="15" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="9" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="15" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> +<p>GPU を利用する場合, コンテナに割り当てるリソースを宣言する。</p> +<pre><code class="language-go"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>resource = container.Resources{ + DeviceRequests: []container.DeviceRequest{ + { + Driver: <span class="hljs-string">""</span>, + Count: <span class="hljs-number">-1</span>, + DeviceIDs: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{}, + Capabilities: [][]<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{ + { + <span class="hljs-string">"gpu"</span>, + }, + }, + Options: <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{}, + }, + }, +} +</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="16" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="16" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> <p>Kubernetes の操作には Kubernetes クラスターと対話するライブラリである client-go を使用し, 必要な機能を抜き出し実装した。</p> @@ -196,62 +317,148 @@ <li>Kubernetes API のアクセス制御</li> </ul> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="10" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="17" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="10" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="17" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> -<p>Singularity はマルチユーザに対応しているため, 学生がサーバへ ssh で接続を行い CLI から操作できるようにする。<br /> -Singularity で学生が作成した Docker イメージ利用するにはビルドを行う必要がある。だが, ビルドには sudo 権限が必要となるが, 学生全員に sudo 権限を与えるわけにはいかない。そこで, 学生が Docker イメージを作成後にビルドを行い Web コンソールからダウンロードできるように実装した。</p> -<p><img src="images/singularity.png" alt="w:450 h:300" style="width:450px;height:300px;" /></p> +<p>学生ごとの Namespace を作成する。また Role を以下のように定義することで, 学生が手元の PC から自身の Namespace のリソースを操作することができる。</p> +<pre><code class="language-go"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>role := &unstructured.Unstructured{ + Object: <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}{ + <span class="hljs-string">"apiVersion"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1"</span>, + <span class="hljs-string">"kind"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"Role"</span>, + <span class="hljs-string">"metadata"</span>: <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}{ + <span class="hljs-string">"name"</span>: namespace + <span class="hljs-string">"-role"</span>, + }, + <span class="hljs-string">"rules"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}{ + { + <span class="hljs-string">"apiGroups"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">"*"</span>}, + <span class="hljs-string">"resources"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">"pods"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"pods/log"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"deployments"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"services"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"ingresses"</span>}, + <span class="hljs-string">"verbs"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">"get"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"list"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"watch"</span>}, + }, + { + <span class="hljs-string">"apiGroups"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">""</span>}, + <span class="hljs-string">"resources"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">"pods/exec"</span>}, + <span class="hljs-string">"verbs"</span>: []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">"create"</span>}, + }, + }, + }, +} +</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="11" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="18" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="11" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="18" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> -<h1>サービスの使用例</h1> +<h1>新規サービスの実装</h1> +<p>Singularity はマルチユーザに対応しているため, CLI から操作できるようにする。</p> +<ul> +<li>学生は ssh でサーバへ接続し利用する</li> +<li>イメージのビルドには sudo 権限が必要となる +<ul> +<li>Web コンソールからイメージをダウンロード</li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<p><img src="images/singularity.png" alt="w:450 h:300" style="width:450px;height:300px;" /></p> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="12" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="19" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="12" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="19" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>サービスの使用例</h1> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="13" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="20" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="20" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>サービスの使用例</h1> +<p>Web コンソールからコンテナを作成する例である。</p> +<p><img src="images/create2.png" alt="w:900 H:600" style="width:900px;" /></p> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="21" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="13" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="21" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> -<h1>比較</h1> +<h1>サービスの使用例</h1> +<p>コンテナ作成時に GPU を使用するにチェックを入れることで, コンテナから GPU を利用することができる。</p> +<p><img src="images/ope.png" alt="w:850 h:530" style="width:850px;height:530px;" /></p> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="14" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="22" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="22" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>サービスの使用例</h1> +<p><img src="images/kube.png" alt="" /></p> +<pre><code class="language-shell"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap><span class="hljs-meta">></span><span class="bash">>> kube get pods </span> +NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE +e175733-web1-7b88fb4b6b-sdnnb 1/1 Running 0 104s +e175733-web2-6775767cc8-4rmt9 1/1 Running 0 92s +</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="23" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="14" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="23" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>比較</h1> +<ul> +<li>本コースで利用している VM 貸出サービス</li> +</ul> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="15" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="24" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="15" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="24" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>比較</h1> +<ul> +<li> +<p>ie-docker</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>digdog</p> +</li> +</ul> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="25" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="25" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +;"> +<h1>比較</h1> +<ul> +<li>クラウドサービス</li> +</ul> +</section> +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="26" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { + background-color: #FFFFFF; + font-size: 28px; +} +" data-marpit-pagination="26" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>改善点</h1> </section> -</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="16" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { +</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="27" data-paginate="true" data-theme="default" data-style="section { background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 28px; } -" data-marpit-pagination="16" data-marpit-pagination-total="16" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; +" data-marpit-pagination="27" data-marpit-pagination-total="27" style="--paginate:true;--theme:default; ;"> <h1>まとめ</h1> </section>
--- a/slide/slide.md Sun Aug 30 14:42:38 2020 +0900 +++ b/slide/slide.md Tue Sep 01 14:07:01 2020 +0900 @@ -25,21 +25,10 @@ # 研究目的 - 情報技術の普及に伴い情報系の学生が課題や演習を行う学習環境が必要である -- 学生の課題や演習によっては, 並列処理が必要となるものがある - - 例えば, 機械学習の課題など - - だが, コース推奨の PC では性能的に厳しい +- 学習環境として VM や コンテナがあるが, 使用には高性能 PC が必要となる + - 並列処理で GPU の使用など - 近年ではクラウドサービスが普及しているが, 制限があったり有料だったりする -- 学科のサーバを利用して, 学生が利用できる学習環境を提供したい - ---- - -# 学習環境で要求されること - -- 高性能な環境 - - 並列処理のために GPU を利用できるなど -- 学習環境の構築を自由に行える環境 - - 利用技術のバージョンの変更 - - ライブラリのインストールなど +- オンプレミス環境で学生が利用できる学習環境を提供したい --- @@ -49,10 +38,7 @@ - Akatsuki - Web コンソールから VM の作成などができる - - デフォルトのスペック - - CPU 1 コア - - メモリ 1GB - - ディスク 10GB + - 利用には申請が必要 - ie-virsh - virsh をラップし, CLI で操作できる @@ -76,7 +62,14 @@ # 本コースで利用しているサービス -VM 貸出サービスで学科サーバに搭載される GPU を利用するには, PCI パススルーを行う必要がある。だが, PCI パススルーでは 1つの VM に 1台の GPU となるため, 学生全員で利用するには現実的ではない。 +- デフォルトのスペック + - CPU 1コア + - メモリ 1GB + - ディスク 10GB + +- GPU の使用に対応していない +- PCI パススルーが必要である + - VM 1つに 1台の GPU が必要となる そこで新たにコンテナ技術を用いて学生の学習環境を提供するサービスの実装を行った。 @@ -84,12 +77,6 @@ # 新規サービスの設計 - - ---- - -# 新規サービスの実装 - コンテナ貸出を行うため, コンテナ仮想化を利用できる Docker と Kubernetes, Singularity を利用する。 - Docker @@ -104,10 +91,82 @@ --- +# 新規サービスの設計 + +コンテナで学習環境を提供するにあたって以下の用件が必要となる。 + +- 他のユーザのコンテナを削除や操作ができない + +- コンテナで使用するイメージを自由に作成できる + +- 学科サーバに搭載される GPU を利用できる + +- ファイル共有 + +--- + +# 新規サービスの設計 + +他のユーザのコンテナを削除や操作ができなくするために, Web コンソールを用意する。 +- 学生は学科アカウントでログインする +- 作成したコンテナとアカウントを紐付ける + +![](images/conlist.png) + +--- + +# 新規サービスの設計 + +イメージの作成には, 学科で使用している GitLab の CI/CD 機能を利用する。 +- Web コンソールで CI トークンを設定する +- 学科の GitLab の CI で Dockerfile をビルドする + +![](images/gitlab.png) + +--- + +# 新規サービスの設計 + +GPU を利用するために, NVIDIA Container Toolkit を導入する。 +- NVIDIA Container Toolkit である nvidia-docker を利用する +- CUDA のバージョンを指定できる + +```yaml +FROM nvidia/cuda:10.0-base +``` + +--- + +# 新規サービスの設計 + +ファイル共有のとして, Singularity を利用する。 +- $HOME, /tmp, /proc, /sys, /dev がコンテナにマウントされる +- `--nv` で GPU を利用することも可能となる + +--- + # 新規サービスの実装 -Docker の操作には Docker Engine SDKs を使用し, コンテナやイメージの操作に必要な機能を抜き出し実装した。 -実装した機能は以下である。 +コンテナ貸出を行うサービスとして以下の機能を実装した。 + +- Web コンソール +- Docker の操作 +- Kubernetes の操作 +- Singularity イメージの提供 + +--- + +# 新規サービスの実装 + +Web コンソールとして以下の機能を実装した。 +- 本コースの教員や学生が利用できるように LDAP 認証 +- コンテナやイメージの管理を行う DB + +--- + +# 新規サービスの実装 + +Docker の操作には Docker Engine SDKs を使用し, コンテナやイメージの操作に必要な機能を抜き出し実装した。実装した機能は以下である。 - コンテナの作成 - コンテナの削除 @@ -120,6 +179,30 @@ # 新規サービスの実装 +GPU を利用する場合, コンテナに割り当てるリソースを宣言する。 + +```go +resource = container.Resources{ + DeviceRequests: []container.DeviceRequest{ + { + Driver: "", + Count: -1, + DeviceIDs: []string{}, + Capabilities: [][]string{ + { + "gpu", + }, + }, + Options: map[string]string{}, + }, + }, +} +``` + +--- + +# 新規サービスの実装 + Kubernetes の操作には Kubernetes クラスターと対話するライブラリである client-go を使用し, 必要な機能を抜き出し実装した。 - コンテナの作成 @@ -130,8 +213,40 @@ # 新規サービスの実装 -Singularity はマルチユーザに対応しているため, 学生がサーバへ ssh で接続を行い CLI から操作できるようにする。 -Singularity で学生が作成した Docker イメージ利用するにはビルドを行う必要がある。だが, ビルドには sudo 権限が必要となるが, 学生全員に sudo 権限を与えるわけにはいかない。そこで, 学生が Docker イメージを作成後にビルドを行い Web コンソールからダウンロードできるように実装した。 +学生ごとの Namespace を作成する。また Role を以下のように定義することで, 学生が手元の PC から自身の Namespace のリソースを操作することができる。 + +```go +role := &unstructured.Unstructured{ + Object: map[string]interface{}{ + "apiVersion": "rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1", + "kind": "Role", + "metadata": map[string]interface{}{ + "name": namespace + "-role", + }, + "rules": []map[string]interface{}{ + { + "apiGroups": []string{"*"}, + "resources": []string{"pods", "pods/log", "deployments", "services", "ingresses"}, + "verbs": []string{"get", "list", "watch"}, + }, + { + "apiGroups": []string{""}, + "resources": []string{"pods/exec"}, + "verbs": []string{"create"}, + }, + }, + }, +} +``` + +--- + +# 新規サービスの実装 + +Singularity はマルチユーザに対応しているため, CLI から操作できるようにする。 +- 学生は ssh でサーバへ接続し利用する +- イメージのビルドには sudo 権限が必要となる + - Web コンソールからイメージをダウンロード ![w:450 h:300](images/singularity.png) @@ -140,20 +255,55 @@ # サービスの使用例 + +--- + +# サービスの使用例 + +Web コンソールからコンテナを作成する例である。 + +![w:900 H:600](images/create2.png) + --- # サービスの使用例 +コンテナ作成時に GPU を使用するにチェックを入れることで, コンテナから GPU を利用することができる。 + +![w:850 h:530](images/ope.png) + +--- + +# サービスの使用例 + +![](images/kube.png) + +```shell +>>> kube get pods +NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE +e175733-web1-7b88fb4b6b-sdnnb 1/1 Running 0 104s +e175733-web2-6775767cc8-4rmt9 1/1 Running 0 92s +``` --- # 比較 +- 本コースで利用している VM 貸出サービス --- # 比較 +- ie-docker + +- digdog + +--- + +# 比較 + +- クラウドサービス ---