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1
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2 /* Compiler implementation of the D programming language
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3 * Copyright (C) 1999-2019 by The D Language Foundation, All Rights Reserved
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4 * written by Walter Bright
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5 * http://www.digitalmars.com
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6 * Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
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7 * http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
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8 * https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/src/dmd/template.h
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9 */
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10
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11 #pragma once
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12
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13 #include "root/root.h"
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14 #include "arraytypes.h"
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15 #include "dsymbol.h"
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16
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17
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18 struct OutBuffer;
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19 class Identifier;
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20 class TemplateInstance;
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21 class TemplateParameter;
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22 class TemplateTypeParameter;
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23 class TemplateThisParameter;
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24 class TemplateValueParameter;
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25 class TemplateAliasParameter;
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26 class TemplateTupleParameter;
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27 class Type;
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28 class TypeQualified;
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29 class TypeTypeof;
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30 struct Scope;
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31 class Expression;
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32 class AliasDeclaration;
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33 class FuncDeclaration;
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34 class Parameter;
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35 enum MATCH;
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36 enum PASS;
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37
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38 class Tuple : public RootObject
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39 {
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40 public:
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41 Objects objects;
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42
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43 // kludge for template.isType()
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44 int dyncast() const { return DYNCAST_TUPLE; }
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45
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46 const char *toChars() { return objects.toChars(); }
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47 };
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48
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49 struct TemplatePrevious
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50 {
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51 TemplatePrevious *prev;
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52 Scope *sc;
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53 Objects *dedargs;
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54 };
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55
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56 class TemplateDeclaration : public ScopeDsymbol
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57 {
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58 public:
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59 TemplateParameters *parameters; // array of TemplateParameter's
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60
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61 TemplateParameters *origParameters; // originals for Ddoc
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62 Expression *constraint;
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63
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64 // Hash table to look up TemplateInstance's of this TemplateDeclaration
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65 void *instances;
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66
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67 TemplateDeclaration *overnext; // next overloaded TemplateDeclaration
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68 TemplateDeclaration *overroot; // first in overnext list
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69 FuncDeclaration *funcroot; // first function in unified overload list
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70
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71 Dsymbol *onemember; // if !=NULL then one member of this template
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72
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73 bool literal; // this template declaration is a literal
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74 bool ismixin; // template declaration is only to be used as a mixin
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75 bool isstatic; // this is static template declaration
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76 Prot protection;
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77
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78 TemplatePrevious *previous; // threaded list of previous instantiation attempts on stack
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79
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80 TemplateDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, TemplateParameters *parameters,
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81 Expression *constraint, Dsymbols *decldefs, bool ismixin = false, bool literal = false);
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82 Dsymbol *syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *);
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83 void semantic(Scope *sc);
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84 bool overloadInsert(Dsymbol *s);
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85 bool hasStaticCtorOrDtor();
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86 const char *kind() const;
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87 const char *toChars();
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88
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89 Prot prot();
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90
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91 bool evaluateConstraint(TemplateInstance *ti, Scope *sc, Scope *paramscope, Objects *dedtypes, FuncDeclaration *fd);
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92
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93 MATCH matchWithInstance(Scope *sc, TemplateInstance *ti, Objects *atypes, Expressions *fargs, int flag);
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94 MATCH leastAsSpecialized(Scope *sc, TemplateDeclaration *td2, Expressions *fargs);
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95
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96 MATCH deduceFunctionTemplateMatch(TemplateInstance *ti, Scope *sc, FuncDeclaration *&fd, Type *tthis, Expressions *fargs);
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97 RootObject *declareParameter(Scope *sc, TemplateParameter *tp, RootObject *o);
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98 FuncDeclaration *doHeaderInstantiation(TemplateInstance *ti, Scope *sc, FuncDeclaration *fd, Type *tthis, Expressions *fargs);
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99 TemplateInstance *findExistingInstance(TemplateInstance *tithis, Expressions *fargs);
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100 TemplateInstance *addInstance(TemplateInstance *ti);
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101 void removeInstance(TemplateInstance *handle);
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102
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103 TemplateDeclaration *isTemplateDeclaration() { return this; }
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104
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105 TemplateTupleParameter *isVariadic();
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106 bool isOverloadable();
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107
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108 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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109 };
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110
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111 /* For type-parameter:
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112 * template Foo(ident) // specType is set to NULL
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113 * template Foo(ident : specType)
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114 * For value-parameter:
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115 * template Foo(valType ident) // specValue is set to NULL
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116 * template Foo(valType ident : specValue)
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117 * For alias-parameter:
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118 * template Foo(alias ident)
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119 * For this-parameter:
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120 * template Foo(this ident)
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121 */
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122 class TemplateParameter
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123 {
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124 public:
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125 Loc loc;
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126 Identifier *ident;
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127
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128 /* True if this is a part of precedent parameter specialization pattern.
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129 *
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130 * template A(T : X!TL, alias X, TL...) {}
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131 * // X and TL are dependent template parameter
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132 *
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133 * A dependent template parameter should return MATCHexact in matchArg()
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134 * to respect the match level of the corresponding precedent parameter.
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135 */
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136 bool dependent;
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137
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138 TemplateParameter(Loc loc, Identifier *ident);
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139
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140 virtual TemplateTypeParameter *isTemplateTypeParameter();
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141 virtual TemplateValueParameter *isTemplateValueParameter();
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142 virtual TemplateAliasParameter *isTemplateAliasParameter();
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143 virtual TemplateThisParameter *isTemplateThisParameter();
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144 virtual TemplateTupleParameter *isTemplateTupleParameter();
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145
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146 virtual TemplateParameter *syntaxCopy() = 0;
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147 virtual bool declareParameter(Scope *sc) = 0;
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148 virtual bool semantic(Scope *sc, TemplateParameters *parameters) = 0;
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149 virtual void print(RootObject *oarg, RootObject *oded) = 0;
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150 virtual RootObject *specialization() = 0;
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151 virtual RootObject *defaultArg(Loc instLoc, Scope *sc) = 0;
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152 virtual bool hasDefaultArg() = 0;
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153
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154 /* Match actual argument against parameter.
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155 */
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156 virtual MATCH matchArg(Loc instLoc, Scope *sc, Objects *tiargs, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam);
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157 virtual MATCH matchArg(Scope *sc, RootObject *oarg, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam) = 0;
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158
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159 /* Create dummy argument based on parameter.
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160 */
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161 virtual void *dummyArg() = 0;
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162 virtual void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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163 };
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164
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165 /* Syntax:
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166 * ident : specType = defaultType
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167 */
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168 class TemplateTypeParameter : public TemplateParameter
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169 {
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170 using TemplateParameter::matchArg;
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171 public:
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172 Type *specType; // type parameter: if !=NULL, this is the type specialization
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173 Type *defaultType;
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174
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175 static Type *tdummy;
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176
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177 TemplateTypeParameter(Loc loc, Identifier *ident, Type *specType, Type *defaultType);
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178
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179 TemplateTypeParameter *isTemplateTypeParameter();
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180 TemplateParameter *syntaxCopy();
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181 bool declareParameter(Scope *sc);
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182 bool semantic(Scope *sc, TemplateParameters *parameters);
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183 void print(RootObject *oarg, RootObject *oded);
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184 RootObject *specialization();
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185 RootObject *defaultArg(Loc instLoc, Scope *sc);
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186 bool hasDefaultArg();
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187 MATCH matchArg(Scope *sc, RootObject *oarg, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam);
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188 void *dummyArg();
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189 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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190 };
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191
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192 /* Syntax:
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193 * this ident : specType = defaultType
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194 */
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195 class TemplateThisParameter : public TemplateTypeParameter
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196 {
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197 public:
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198 TemplateThisParameter(Loc loc, Identifier *ident, Type *specType, Type *defaultType);
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199
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200 TemplateThisParameter *isTemplateThisParameter();
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201 TemplateParameter *syntaxCopy();
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202 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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203 };
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204
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205 /* Syntax:
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206 * valType ident : specValue = defaultValue
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207 */
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208 class TemplateValueParameter : public TemplateParameter
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209 {
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210 using TemplateParameter::matchArg;
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211 public:
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212 Type *valType;
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213 Expression *specValue;
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214 Expression *defaultValue;
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215
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216 static AA *edummies;
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217
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218 TemplateValueParameter(Loc loc, Identifier *ident, Type *valType, Expression *specValue, Expression *defaultValue);
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219
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220 TemplateValueParameter *isTemplateValueParameter();
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221 TemplateParameter *syntaxCopy();
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222 bool declareParameter(Scope *sc);
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223 bool semantic(Scope *sc, TemplateParameters *parameters);
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224 void print(RootObject *oarg, RootObject *oded);
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225 RootObject *specialization();
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226 RootObject *defaultArg(Loc instLoc, Scope *sc);
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227 bool hasDefaultArg();
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228 MATCH matchArg(Scope *sc, RootObject *oarg, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam);
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229 void *dummyArg();
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230 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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231 };
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232
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233 /* Syntax:
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234 * specType ident : specAlias = defaultAlias
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235 */
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236 class TemplateAliasParameter : public TemplateParameter
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237 {
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238 using TemplateParameter::matchArg;
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239 public:
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240 Type *specType;
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241 RootObject *specAlias;
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242 RootObject *defaultAlias;
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243
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244 static Dsymbol *sdummy;
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245
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246 TemplateAliasParameter(Loc loc, Identifier *ident, Type *specType, RootObject *specAlias, RootObject *defaultAlias);
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247
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248 TemplateAliasParameter *isTemplateAliasParameter();
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249 TemplateParameter *syntaxCopy();
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250 bool declareParameter(Scope *sc);
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251 bool semantic(Scope *sc, TemplateParameters *parameters);
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252 void print(RootObject *oarg, RootObject *oded);
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253 RootObject *specialization();
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254 RootObject *defaultArg(Loc instLoc, Scope *sc);
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255 bool hasDefaultArg();
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256 MATCH matchArg(Scope *sc, RootObject *oarg, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam);
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257 void *dummyArg();
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258 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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259 };
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260
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261 /* Syntax:
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262 * ident ...
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263 */
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264 class TemplateTupleParameter : public TemplateParameter
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265 {
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266 public:
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267 TemplateTupleParameter(Loc loc, Identifier *ident);
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268
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269 TemplateTupleParameter *isTemplateTupleParameter();
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270 TemplateParameter *syntaxCopy();
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271 bool declareParameter(Scope *sc);
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272 bool semantic(Scope *sc, TemplateParameters *parameters);
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273 void print(RootObject *oarg, RootObject *oded);
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274 RootObject *specialization();
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275 RootObject *defaultArg(Loc instLoc, Scope *sc);
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276 bool hasDefaultArg();
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277 MATCH matchArg(Loc loc, Scope *sc, Objects *tiargs, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam);
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278 MATCH matchArg(Scope *sc, RootObject *oarg, size_t i, TemplateParameters *parameters, Objects *dedtypes, Declaration **psparam);
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279 void *dummyArg();
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280 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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281 };
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282
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283 /* Given:
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284 * foo!(args) =>
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285 * name = foo
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286 * tiargs = args
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287 */
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288 class TemplateInstance : public ScopeDsymbol
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289 {
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290 public:
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291 Identifier *name;
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292
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293 // Array of Types/Expressions of template
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294 // instance arguments [int*, char, 10*10]
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295 Objects *tiargs;
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296
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297 // Array of Types/Expressions corresponding
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298 // to TemplateDeclaration.parameters
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299 // [int, char, 100]
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300 Objects tdtypes;
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301
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302 Dsymbol *tempdecl; // referenced by foo.bar.abc
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303 Dsymbol *enclosing; // if referencing local symbols, this is the context
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304 Dsymbol *aliasdecl; // !=NULL if instance is an alias for its sole member
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305 TemplateInstance *inst; // refer to existing instance
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306 ScopeDsymbol *argsym; // argument symbol table
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307 int inuse; // for recursive expansion detection
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308 int nest; // for recursive pretty printing detection
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309 bool semantictiargsdone; // has semanticTiargs() been done?
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310 bool havetempdecl; // if used second constructor
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311 bool gagged; // if the instantiation is done with error gagging
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312 hash_t hash; // cached result of toHash()
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313 Expressions *fargs; // for function template, these are the function arguments
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314
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315 TemplateInstances* deferred;
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316
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317 Module *memberOf; // if !null, then this TemplateInstance appears in memberOf.members[]
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318
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319 // Used to determine the instance needs code generation.
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320 // Note that these are inaccurate until semantic analysis phase completed.
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321 TemplateInstance *tinst; // enclosing template instance
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322 TemplateInstance *tnext; // non-first instantiated instances
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323 Module *minst; // the top module that instantiated this instance
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324
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325 TemplateInstance(Loc loc, Identifier *temp_id);
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326 TemplateInstance(Loc loc, TemplateDeclaration *tempdecl, Objects *tiargs);
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327 static Objects *arraySyntaxCopy(Objects *objs);
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328 Dsymbol *syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *);
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329 void semantic(Scope *sc, Expressions *fargs);
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330 void semantic(Scope *sc);
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331 void semantic2(Scope *sc);
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332 void semantic3(Scope *sc);
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333 Dsymbol *toAlias(); // resolve real symbol
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334 const char *kind() const;
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335 bool oneMember(Dsymbol **ps, Identifier *ident);
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336 const char *toChars();
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337 const char* toPrettyCharsHelper();
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338 void printInstantiationTrace();
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339 Identifier *getIdent();
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340 int compare(RootObject *o);
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341 hash_t toHash();
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342
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343 bool needsCodegen();
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344
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345 // Internal
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346 bool findTempDecl(Scope *sc, WithScopeSymbol **pwithsym);
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347 bool updateTempDecl(Scope *sc, Dsymbol *s);
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348 static bool semanticTiargs(Loc loc, Scope *sc, Objects *tiargs, int flags);
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349 bool semanticTiargs(Scope *sc);
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350 bool findBestMatch(Scope *sc, Expressions *fargs);
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351 bool needsTypeInference(Scope *sc, int flag = 0);
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352 bool hasNestedArgs(Objects *tiargs, bool isstatic);
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353 Dsymbols *appendToModuleMember();
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354 void declareParameters(Scope *sc);
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355 Identifier *genIdent(Objects *args);
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356 void expandMembers(Scope *sc);
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357 void tryExpandMembers(Scope *sc);
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358 void trySemantic3(Scope *sc2);
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359
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360 TemplateInstance *isTemplateInstance() { return this; }
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361 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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362 };
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363
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364 class TemplateMixin : public TemplateInstance
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365 {
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366 public:
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367 TypeQualified *tqual;
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368
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369 TemplateMixin(Loc loc, Identifier *ident, TypeQualified *tqual, Objects *tiargs);
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370 Dsymbol *syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s);
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371 void semantic(Scope *sc);
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372 void semantic2(Scope *sc);
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373 void semantic3(Scope *sc);
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374 const char *kind() const;
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375 bool oneMember(Dsymbol **ps, Identifier *ident);
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376 int apply(Dsymbol_apply_ft_t fp, void *param);
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377 bool hasPointers();
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378 void setFieldOffset(AggregateDeclaration *ad, unsigned *poffset, bool isunion);
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379 const char *toChars();
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380
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381 bool findTempDecl(Scope *sc);
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382
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383 TemplateMixin *isTemplateMixin() { return this; }
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384 void accept(Visitor *v) { v->visit(this); }
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385 };
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386
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387 Expression *isExpression(RootObject *o);
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388 Dsymbol *isDsymbol(RootObject *o);
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389 Type *isType(RootObject *o);
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390 Tuple *isTuple(RootObject *o);
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391 Parameter *isParameter(RootObject *o);
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392 bool arrayObjectIsError(Objects *args);
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393 bool isError(RootObject *o);
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394 Type *getType(RootObject *o);
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395 Dsymbol *getDsymbol(RootObject *o);
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396
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397 RootObject *objectSyntaxCopy(RootObject *o);
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