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author Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
date Fri, 11 Jan 2013 09:58:57 +0900
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1 -title: CodeSegmentとDataSegmentによるプログラミング手法
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3 --author: 河野 真治, 杉本 優
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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5 --並列分散フレームワーク
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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6
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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7 本研究室では分散プログラミングと並列プログラミングのツールを開発してきた。
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8
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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9 分散プログラミング用のFederated Lidna
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10 並列プログラミング用のCerium
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11
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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12 これらの経験から並列分散を統一的に扱えるプログラミングフレームワークを考えたい。
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13
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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14 --並列分散フレームワークには何が求められるのか
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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15
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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16 並列実行単位の記述
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17 プロトコルの記述
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18 実用的な実装
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19 実験環境の用意
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20 多言語対応
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21 検証や証明への対応
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22
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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23 --Federated Linda
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24
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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25 データの塊である Tuple を使って通信するフレームワーク
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26
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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27 in Tuple を取り出す
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28 out Tuple 書きだす
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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30 --Federated Linda の Pros and Cons
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31
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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32 --Cerium
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33
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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34 Task 単位で並列実行するツール
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35
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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36 --Cerium の Pros and Cons
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37
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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38 --Data segment と Code Segment
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39
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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40 --Java Implmentation : Alice
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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41
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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42 --CS/DS API
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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43
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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44 --Alice Architecture
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45
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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46 --Sample Application
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47
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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48 --Experiment
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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50 --Ring
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51
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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53
Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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56 に置いて、タスクをCode Segment、データをData Segmentという単位に分割して記述する方法を提唱している。</p>
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57 <p>しかし、前述したプログラムをプログラマーが一から記述していくことは大変である。</p>
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58 <p>そこで、本研究室の卒業生である赤嶺一樹氏が分散ネットフレームワークAliceのプロトタイプを作成した。</p>
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59 <p>本研究では実際にAliceを利用して、水族館の例題を作成した。また、Federated Lindaとの性能比較を行った。そして、Aliceの問題点の洗い出し、APIの見直しを行った。</p>
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60
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61 --発表内容
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62 <ul>
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63 <li>Aliceの紹介
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64 <li>プログラムの記述方法
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65 <li>水族館の例題と性能評価
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66 <li>まとめと課題
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67 </ul>
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68
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69 --Alice
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70 <ul>
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71 <p>Alice は本研究室で開発を行なっている分散タスク管理フレームワークである。</p>
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72 <p>Cell用のOpen CL に似たTask管理用フレームワークCeriumと
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73 Lindaを相互接続した分散フレームワークであるFederated Lindaの開発を通して得られた知見を生かされている。</p>
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74 <ul>
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76 --Cerium
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77 <ul>
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78 <p>Ceriumは当研究室で開発を行なっている並列プログラミングフレームワークである。</p>
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79 <p>CeriumではTaskを小さく分割して並列実行し、データ転送はパイプライン実行により隠される。</p>
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80 <p>Taskには依存関係がありデータの依存関係がそのままTaskの依存関係になることが多い。</p>
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81 <p>繰り返し使われるデータの管理が重要であり、実行時にわかるデータ構造間の依存関係がTaskを複雑にしている。</p>
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82 </ul>
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83
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84 --Data Segment API
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85 <ul>
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86 <p>Data Segmentは数値や文字などのデータを構造体的に保持するが、分散プログラムにおいてData Segmentの相互参照が問題になってくる。</p>
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87 <p>AliceではData SegmentにユニークなKeyを持たせ、Key Value Storeとして扱っている。Key毎のキューがあり、Key毎に順に実行される。<br>
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88 <div align="center">
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89 <img src="images/dataSegment_key.png">
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90 </div>
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91
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92 </ul>
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95 --Data Segment API
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96 <ul>
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97 <p>Data Segmentを管理するのが、Data Segment Manager
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98 各ノード毎に、Local DS ManagerとRemote DS Managerが存在する。</p>
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99 <p>Local DS Managerはノード固有のKey Value Storeであり、Remote DS Managerは他のノードのLocal DS Managerのproxyである。
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100 AliceのTopology Managerが自動的に構成する。</p>
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101 <div align="center">
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102 <img src="images/lrds.png" width=500>
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103 </div>
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104 </ul>
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105
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106
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107 --Data Segment API
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108 <ul>
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109 以下が用意されているData Segment APIである。
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110 <li>void put(String key, Value val)</li>
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111 <li>void update(String key, Value val)</li>
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112 <li>void peek(Receiver receiver, String key)</li>
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113 <li>void take(Receiver receiver, String key)</li>
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114 <p>これらを用いてデータの送受信を行う。</p>
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115 </ul>
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116
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117 --Data Segment API - put
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118 <ul>
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119 <li>データを追加する</li>
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120 </ul>
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121 <div align="center">
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122 <img src="images/put.png" width=70%>
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123 </div>
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124 <ul>
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125 <p>putを行うとデータがenqueueされる。</p>
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126 <p>putするたびにKeyが持つindexがincrementされる。</p>
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127 </ul>
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128
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129 --Data Segment API - update
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130 <ul><li>データを置き換える</li></ul>
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131 <div align="center">
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132 <img src="images/update.png" width=70%>
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133 </div>
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134 <ul>
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135 putと異なる点は先頭データを削除し、データを追加する。
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136 </ul>
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137
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138 --Data Segment API - peek
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139 <ul><li>データを取得する</li></ul>
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140 <div align="center">
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141 <img src="images/peek.png" width=50%><br>
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142 </div>
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143 <ul>
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144 peekはデータを取得しreceiverに渡す。
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145 </ul>
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146
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147 --Data Segment API - peek
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148 <div align="center">
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149 <img src="images/peek1.png" width=60%><br>
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150 </div>
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151 <ul>
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152 <p>要求したデータがない場合にはwaitListに登録する。</p>
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153 データがput、updateされる際に要求したデータがあるかどうかを再びチェックする。
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154
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155 </ul>
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156
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157 --Data Segment API - take
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158 <ul><li>データを取得して取得されたデータはdequeueされる</li></ul>
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159 <div align="center">
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160 <img src="images/take.png" width=50%><br>
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161 </div>
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162 <ul>
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163 <p>基本的な動作はpeekと同じである。</p>
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164 <p>peekと異なる点は取得されたデータがdequeueされる。</p>
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165 </ul>
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166
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167 --Data Segmentの実装
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168 <ul>
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169 Data Segmentのデータ表現はMessagePackを使用。
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170 </ul>
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171 <ul><p>JavaにおけるMessagePackのデータ表現</p>
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172 <li>一般的なJavaのクラスオブジェクト</li>
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173 <li>MessagePack for JavaのValueオブジェクト</li>
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174 <li>byte[]で表現されたバイナリ</li>
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175 </ul>
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176 <ul>
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177 <p>Data Segment APIでは</p>
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178 MessagePack for javaのValueオブジェクトを使用</p>
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179 MessagePackのバイナリにシリアライズできる型のみで
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180 構成されているため自己記述式のデータ形式
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181 </ul>
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182
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183 --Data Segmentの実装
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184 <ul>
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185 <p>Valueオブジェクトは通信に関わる際には、シリアライズ、デシリアライズを高速に行うことができる</p>
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186 <img src="images/FishPoint.png" width=700><br>
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187 ユーザーが一般的なクラスをIDL(Interface Definition Language)のように用いてデータを記述することが可能
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188 </ul>
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189
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190 --CodeSegment
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191 <ul>
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192 <li>Code Segmentはタスクのこと</li>
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193 <li>ユーザーが記述する際にCode Segment内で使用する<br>Data Segmentの作成を記述</li>
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194 <li>Input Data SegmentとOutput Data Segmentを作るAPI</li>
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195 <li>必要なInput Data Segmentが揃った時に実行される</li>
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196 </ul>
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197
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198 --Input Data SegmentとOutput Data Segment
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199 <ul>
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200 <li>localかremoteを指定</li>
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201 <li>Data Segmentに関連付けされているKEYを指定</li>
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202 </ul>
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203
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204 <ul>
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205 --Data Segmentの例
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206 <img src="images/SendWidth.png" width=600>
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207 </ul>
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208
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209 --Input Data Segmentの例
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210 <ul>
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211 <img src="images/ids.png" width=400><br>
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212 Receiverの作成<br>
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213 PEEK,TAKEのどちらかを選択
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214 </ul>
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215 <ul>
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216 <img src="images/idsSetkey.png" width=600><br>
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217 第1引数 マシン名<br>
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218 第2引数 Data Segmentに関連付けられているKEY<br>
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219 第3引数 index(指定しない場合は先頭データが取得される)<br>
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220 </ul>
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221
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222 --Output Data Segmentの例
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223 <ul>
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224 <img src="images/ods.png" width=400><br>
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225 putかupdateのどちらかを選択
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226 </ul>
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227 <ul>
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228 第1引数 マシン名<br>
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229 第2引数 Data Segmentに関連付けるKEY<br>
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230 第3引数 Data Segment<br>
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231 </ul>
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232
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233 --Code Segmentの実行方法
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234 <ul>
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235 <img src="images/StartCS.png" width=600><br>
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236 </ul>
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237 <ul>
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238 AliceにはCのmainに相当するStart Code SegmentというCode Segmentが存在する。<br>
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239 Start Code SegmentはInput Data Segmentが存在しない。
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240 </ul>
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241
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242 --Code Segmentの実行方法
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243 <ul>
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244 <img src="images/execute.png" width=600><br>
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245 </ul>
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246 <ul>
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247 このStart Code Segmentをnewし、executeメソッドを呼ぶことでCode Segmentを実行することができる。
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248 </ul>
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249
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250 --Code Segmentの記述方法
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251 <ul>
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252 <img src="images/TestCodeSegment.png" width=600><br>
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253 </ul>
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254 ユーザがCode Segmentを記述する際にはCode Segmentを継承する。<br>
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255 runの中に実際にさせたい処理を記述する。
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256
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257 --Topology Manager
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258 <ul>
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259 Alice同士の接続トポロジーを管理する。<br>
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parents:
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260 トポロジーファイルを読み込み、参加を表明したクライアントに接続すべきクライアントのIPアドレスやポート番号、接続名を送る。
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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261 <div align="center">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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262 <img src="images/topology.png" width=350>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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263 </div>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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264 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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265
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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266 --Topology Manager
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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267 <ul>
35
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parents:
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268 Topology Manager関連の通信は全て、Code Segmentで実装されている。
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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269 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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270
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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271 --トポロジーファイル
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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272 <ul>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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273 <p>トポロジーファイルはDOT Languageと言う言語で記述される。</p>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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274 DOT Languageはプレーンテキストを用いてデータ構造としてのグラフを表現するデータ記述言語の一つ。<br>
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parents:
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275 DOT Languageのグラフ構造を用いてTopology Node間の接続を表現する。<br>
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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276 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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277
36
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parents: 35
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278 --トポロジーファイルの記述方法
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279 <ul>
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parents: 35
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280 <img src="images/topologyfile.png">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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281 <p>dotコマンドを用いて、グラフの画像ファイルを生成することができるのでトポロジーが正しいか確認することができる。</p>
35
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parents:
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282
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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283 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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284
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
285 --トポロジーファイルの確認方法
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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286 <ul>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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287 <p><strong>dot -T png ring.dot -o ring.png</strong></p>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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288 <div align="center">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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289 <img src="images/dot.png">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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290 </div>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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291 </ul>
35
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parents:
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292
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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293 --水族館の例題
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294 <ul>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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295 <p>複数の魚が複数のディスプレイ上を移動する。</p>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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296 <p>魚のうち一匹はクライアントが操作することができる。</p>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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297 <p>トポロジーはツリー状に構成してある。</p>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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298 </ul>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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299 <div align="center">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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300 <img src="images/aquarium.png" width=800>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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301 </div>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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302
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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303 <div align="center">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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304 <img src="images/commnuication.png" width=600>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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305 </div>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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306
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
307 --性能比較 - 実験概要
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
308 <ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
diff changeset
309 AliceとFederated Linda で性能比較を行った。<br>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
diff changeset
310 Ring型のトポロジーを構成、メッセージが100周する時間を計測。
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
diff changeset
311 1周あたりの平均時間を求めた。
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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312 <div align="center">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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313 <img src="images/ringTest.png">
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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314 </div>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
diff changeset
315 パケットのサイズは10byte,10Kbyte,100kbtyeで実験
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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316 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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317
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
318 --実験環境
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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319 <ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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320 ブレードサーバー上の仮想マシンによる仮想クラスタ環境を用いて実験した。<br>
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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321 <p><strong>ブレードサーバー詳細</strong></p>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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322 <table style="font:Osaka;text-align:right;" border="2" >
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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323 <tr>
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parents: 35
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324 <td>マシン台数</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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325 <td>8台</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
326 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
327 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
328 <td>CPU</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
329 <td>Intel(R) Xeon(R) X5650 @ 2.67GHz</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
330 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
331 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
332 <td>物理コア数</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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333 <td>12</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
334 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
335 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
336 <td>論理コア数</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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337 <td>24</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
338 </tr><tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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339 <td>CPU キャッシュ</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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340 <td>12MB</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
341 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
342 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
343 <td>Memory</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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344 <td>132GB</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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345 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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346 </table>
35
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parents:
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347
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
348 </ul>
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parents: 35
diff changeset
349 --実験環境
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
350 <ul>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
351 <p><strong>仮想クラスタ詳細</strong></p>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
352 <table style="font:Osaka;text-align:right;" border="2" >
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
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353 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
354 <td>マシン台数</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
355 <td>48台</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
356 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
357 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
358 <td>CPU</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
359 <td>Intel(R) Xeon(R) X5650 @ 2.67GHz</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
360 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
361 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
362 <td>物理コア数</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
363 <td>2</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
364 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
365 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
366 <td>論理コア数</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
367 <td>4</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
368 </tr><tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
369 <td>CPU キャッシュ</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
370 <td>12MB</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
371 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
372 <tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
373 <td>Memory</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
374 <td>8GB</td>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
375 </tr>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
376 </table>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
377 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
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378
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
379 --実験結果
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
380 <ul>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
381 <strong>10byte</strong><br>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
382 <img src="images/ring10B.png" width=650>
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents: 35
diff changeset
383 </ul>
35
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
parents:
diff changeset
384
36
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Shinji KONO <kono@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
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385 --実験結果
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386 <ul>
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387 <strong>10kbyte</strong><br>
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388 <img src="images/ring10KB.png" width=650>
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389 </ul>
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390
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391 --実験結果
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392 <ul>
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393 <strong>100kbyte</strong>
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394 <img src="images/ring100KB.png" width=650><br>
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395 データ量が増えると差が縮まっている。これはここの通信の手間の影響が大きことを示している。
36
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396 </ul>
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397
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398 --評価と考察
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399 <ul>
35
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400 今回の実装はJavaによりCode SegmentとData Segmentに必要なAPIを洗い出すものだった。この実装でも問題をいくつか発見した。<br>
36
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401 <p><strong>API</strong></p>
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402 <li>Class継承したりData Segmentの作成にFactory objectを使うのはJavaを使う際の技術的な問題</li>
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403 <li>JavaのObject指向な記述が全体を煩雑にしている部分がある</li>
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404 <li>updateはData Segmentの競合的な更新に使われるべきだと思われる</li>
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405 </ul>
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406
36
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407 --評価と考察
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408 <p><strong>SEDA</strong></p>
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409 <ul>
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410 <li>Federated Lindaに比べ遅い原因の一つはSEDA architectureのせいと思われる</li>
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411 <li>SEDAはスループット重視の実装であり、多段パイプラインのせいでレスポンスが遅れてしまう</li>
35
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412
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413 </ul>
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414
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415 --評価と考察
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416 <ul>
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417 <li>スレッドプールを使わないほうが、Ringの結果は良い</li>
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418 <img src="images/notp.png" width=650><br>
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419 </ul>
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420
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421 --評価と考察
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422 <p><strong>MessagePack</strong></p>
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423 <ul>
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424 <li>今回の実装では単純なMessageの転送時にもMessagePackのdecode/encodeをしているが、overheadになってしまうため、decode/encode抜きに直接操作できるほうが望ましい</li>
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425 <li>Data Segmentの一部の修正をするたびにData Segmentが再構成されているがこれは望ましくない</li>
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426 <li>AliceもCeriumのようにInput Data SegmentとOutput Data SegmentをswapするAPIがあるとよいと思われる</li>
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427 </ul>
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428
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429
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430 --評価と考察
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431 <p><strong>Key</strong></p>
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432 <ul>
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433 <li>分散実装においてはData Segmentの相互参照はKey経由が打倒であるが、並列実装では全てのData SegmentをKey Value Storeに格納するのは、性能的な問題を引き起こす</li>
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434 <li>分散記述と並列記述を分ければ解決するが、2つの記述がかけ離れるのは好ましくない</li>
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435 <li>本来Key Value storeは持続性を持たせる必要がある</li>
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436 </ul>
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437
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438 --評価と考察
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439 <p><strong>Java</strong></p>
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440 <ul>
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441 <li>Data SegmentはCode Segmentがactiveの時のみメモリ上にあり、その最大値はActive Taskの量を見積もればよいのでAliceにGarbage Collectionの機能は必要ない</li>
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442 <li>key Value Store 上のデータは決してGarbage Collectionの対象にはならないが、それがGarbage Collectionに負荷をかける結果となるためAliceとJavaの相性は悪い</li>
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443 </ul>
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444
36
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445 --評価と考察
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446 <p><strong>拡張性</strong></p>
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447 <ul>
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448 <li>分散アプリケーションのプロトコルは常に変更されるため、Aliceもそれに対応する必要がある</li>
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449 <li>Keyとトポロジーマネージャーをプロトコル毎に別に用意すれば複数のプロトコルを同時に走らせることが可能</li>
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450 <li>Data SegmentとCode Segmentの結びつきは弱いため、Data Segmentに余計な値がある場合、値が足りない場合に適切な値を設定することで古いCode Segmentを変更するとこなしにプロトコルを拡張できる</li>
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451 </ul>
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452
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453 --まとめと課題
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454 <ul>
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455 <p>今回Code SegmentとData Segmentによる並列分散フレームワークのJavaによる実装を示した。実装でしかえられない知見を得ることができた。</p>
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456 <p>今回Javaによる実装を行ったがJavaがAliceの実装に不向きであるということもわかった。</p>
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457 <p>
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458 <li>Code Segment/Data Segmentを見たコンパイラ的アプローチ</li>
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459 <li>実行時最適化</li>
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460 <li>CbCによる実装</li>
35
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461 などが有効、効果的だと思われる。</p>
36
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462 <p>今回はノード内の並列実行やGPGPUによる並列実行などは考慮していない。将来的にそれを含め実装をしていきたい。</p>
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463 </ul>